B L A 



T,LACK4taJttl Jbriit, a fpecies of laniat, fo called by 

 Latham : it is the lunius mrljnocephalus of Gmtliii. 



Black and >>//<•./ hcath-co.k of Edwards, and fpotl'.d 

 orous of Pciipaiit and Latlnm, arc telr.io ■ amuknJIs of Ginclin. 

 —Obj. Tiiere is another black and fpottcd heat!i-cock 

 fi;^'urcd alfoby Edwards pi. 71. whicli, in the 12th edition 

 of the IJiinxan Sy(l. K;;t. is called Ulrao caiuia: 



Black A.toh of Latham, is the ar.lza aira of Gmclin. 



BiACK-ioo/itJ <wheat-eai- of Latham, is molacilla pileala of 



Gmtliii. . 



hhACK'/jumming-tirJ, the Linnzean ; trochilus nigcr is lo 



uamed in the Synopfis of Latham. 



Blac KyJt-anfl ; xhejacnnaarnula ti[:;ra of BrifTon, andpana 

 n'l^ra of Gmelin, bears tliis name in Latham's Synopfis. 



"ViLxcv-j-Jct, OYBlemI, is a mineral, called alio t'alfc gakna 

 and blinde, &c. 



BhACt^-Jawed 'u.'mi.'er of Latham, in Ornithology, is mo- 

 tacil/a nigrlroJ}ris of Gmelin. 



Black i/lmJ, in Geography, an idand near the coaft of 

 America, belonging to the llatc of Rhode ifland. N. lat. 

 41=' 7'. W. lonf;. 71° 35'. 



Black ijlamh, idands near the call coaft of Labrador. 

 N.lat. 4i°8'. W.long. 56^30'. 



Black llu, or blach-glecl oi Sibbald, \ifaLo aler of Gme- 

 lin, and milvus niger of BrilTon. — Obf. Gmelin mentions a 

 black variety of falco communis under the fpecific name of 

 aler; it was previoufly dcfcribed by Edwards under the 

 came of black ha-wt or falcon. 



Black land, in ylgrlculture, a name given to a fort of 

 foil which has a jjreyiili black calL This fort of foil, though 

 pale when dry, always blackens by means of rain ; and when 

 ploughed up at fuch times, it fticks to the plough (liare ; 

 and the more it is wrought, the muddier and darker-coloured 

 it appears. Thefc forts of land, when fomewhat rich, yet 

 porous, light but fufiiciently tenacious, are good both for 

 com and grafs ; but as they are mollly fituated in bottoms, 

 the wetnefs often fpoils them for corn ; but when they are 

 dry, they are extraordinarily fruitful, efpecially for barley ; 

 they alfo bear good wheat crops. When they are very rich, 

 they may, if a deep mould, l>e planted with liquorice, orfown 

 with hemp, woad, cole, or rape, madder, and other fimilar 

 plants, that bed fuit fuch lands ; and afterwards with corn, 

 when fomc of their fertility is expended. They are capable 

 of bearing excellent clover crops. The bell manure for 

 thefe foils is chalk or lime, where it can be procured. 



Black lark, in Ornithology. Albin defcribes an accidental 

 variety of the common lark, alautta arvtnf:s, under this name, 

 in the third volume of his Hiltory of Birds. 



Black lead,\nMineralogy,lsfc. SeeLEADandPLUMBAGO. 



Black leather, in the Manufadures, is that which has 

 pafTed the curriers' hands, where from the ruffet as it was 

 left by the tanners, it is become black, by having been 

 fcowered and rubbed three times on the grain-fide with cop- 

 peras-water. 



Black legs, a name given in Leicefterfhire to a difeafe 

 frequent among calves and fheep. It is a kind of jelly, 

 which fettles in their legs, and often in the neck, between 

 the Ikin and flefh. 



Black legs, an appellation given to thofe gamblers and 

 (harpers who prey upon the ignorance and credulity of in- 

 experienced and unfufpefling perfons of property, with 

 whom they contrive to alTociate, and who fubfill in diffipa- 

 tion and luxury on the fpoils acquired by deception and 

 fraud, in a variety of games and fports which they frequent 

 for this purpofe. They are juftly denominated the peft of 

 civilized fociety, and fhould be fliunned by thoie who have 



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any concern for their property or reputation, as tlie moll 

 dai'j'crous and dt-ftnittive enemies. 



Black iut, in Geography, lies in Weftmorland county, 

 Pcunfylvania, about 36 miles call of Pittfburg. 



Black lory, of Latham, in Ornuhohgy, h pfttacus novel 

 Giiineie of Gmelin. 



Black mail, in Engliflj Antiquity, a certain rate of money, 

 corn, cattle, or other matter, anciently paid by the inhabi- 

 tants of towns in Weftmorland, Cumberland, Northumber- 

 land, and Durham, to divers perfons inhabiting on or near 

 t e borders, being men of name, and allied with others in 

 th ife parts, known to be great robbers and fpoil-takers ; 

 in order to be by them treed and protected from any pillage. 

 Prohibited as felony by 43 El. c. 13. 



The origin of this word is much contefted, yet there is 

 (Ti-ound to hold the word black to be here a corruption of 

 blank or white, and confequeniy to fignify a rent paid in 

 a fmall copper coin called blanks. This may receive fome 

 li"-ht from a plirafe ftill ufed in Picardy, where, fpeaking of 

 a perfon who has not a fingle halfpenny, they fay, il >i' a pas 

 vne blanquc ma'tlle. The term is alfo ufed for rents referved 

 in work, grain, or bafer money, which were called " redituS 

 ni({ra," in contradilHnttion to the blanch farms, " reditus 

 albi." 



Black martin, ov fivift of the Englifh, in Ornithology, is 

 the hirundo apus of Latin writers. 



Black monks, in Ecclefiajlical Hi/lory, a denomination given 

 to the Benedittins, called in Latin 7tigri monachi, or nigronto- 

 nachi ; fometimes ordo nigrorum, the order of blacks. 



Black mountains, in Geography. See B\..\cv.-ForeJf. 

 This is alfo a denomination given to an exteniive ridge of 

 mountains in South-Wales, feparating the buundarics of the 

 counties of Glamorgan and Brecknock ; covered in fummer 

 with black cattle and (heep. 



Black necked quail of Latham, in Ornithology, Ktetrao rii- 

 gricoUis of Gmelin. 



BLACK-neckedfwan of Pernett and Latham, Hands under 

 the name oi anas nigricollis in the Gmelinian edition of Syft. 

 Nat. 



^LACK-necked thrujli of Latham, is turdus nigricollis of 

 Gmelin. 



Black nefs, in Geography, a foul point on the coaft of 

 France, and in the Englilh channel, four leagues W. from 

 Calais. 



Black oats, in y/griculture, a fpecies of oats, much culti- 

 vated in the northern parts of England, and efteemcd a very 

 hearty food for horfes. See Oats. 



Black oriole, of the Aritic Zoology, and Latham's Sy- 

 nopfis, in Ornithology, is the ideras niger of BrifTon, and orioluf 

 niger of Linn, and Gmel. 



Black oriole {Le/fcr), the Englifh name of oriolus minor, 

 in Latnam's Synopfis. 



Black ojirich oi Brown's lUuilrations, &c. 'm Jlruthio ca- 

 melus of Scopoli, Gmehn, Sec 



Black parrot oi Latham, and black parrot of Madagafcar, 

 and of Edwards, are the fame ; the pjittacus niger of Gmelin. 



BtACK/^/rf/of Latham, and great black petrel of Edwards, 

 ftands under the name oi procellaria ccquinodialis in Gmelin's 

 edition of the Linn. Syft. Nat. 



Black foil warbler oi 'Laxh&m, is motacillajliiata of Gme- 

 lin. 



Bi-kcn point, and blue point, in Geography, capes of Ame- 

 rica, within thofe of Elizabeth and Porpoife, in the diftrid 

 of Maine.. 



Black^9/«/, is alfo a point on the weft coaft of Africa, 



between cape Cavallos, and cape Palmas. — Alio, a point 



6 S. E. 



