B L A 



B L A 



in point of tliicknefs to 3I feet at top, 33 may be feen at the 

 correfponding letter in the feclion. 



F, Door or opening from the engine into the boiler-houfe. 

 An opening above this ferves to conduct the (learn pipe 

 from the boiler to the fteam apparatus at the cj'linder. 



E, Door or opening for carr)-ing through the blaft pipes 

 from the top and bottom of the air cylinder to the water re- 

 ceiver below. 



G, The boiler-houfe, 40 feet bv 30 within the walls. 

 As this is excavated from the folid hill to the depth of 30 

 feet, it is requifite to have the walls uncommonly (Irong. 

 Thofe in the plan are 6 feet thick at bottom, and are reduced 

 at three different heights in thicknefs, as reprefented by 

 the interior lines. 



H H, Two boiler feats for boilers, 18 feet long, 9 J feet 

 Kigh, and 7 feet wide. 



1 I, Fire-places, 6 feet fquare. 



K K, Dead-plates before the bars or grates. 



I> L, Openings where the furnace doors are hung. 



M M, Semi-circular openings formed beyond the dotted 

 line, or termination of the boiler, in which tlie flame from the 

 grates rifes to enter the iron flue or tube, which is placed in 

 the centre of the boiler. 



N, Chimney, zi feet fquare within, and 50 feet in total 

 height ; from the bottom of the flue 42, and 8 feet from the 

 foundation. 



O O, Coal pits for containing fmall coals for the engine's 

 fupply. Thefe are 8 feet by 6 at bottom, and widen 

 gradually as they approach the furface of the c ike yard. 

 The coals are there emptied from the cart into thefe receivers, 

 and the engine-man eafily fupplies his wants from the 

 fmall openings which communicate with O into the boiler- 

 houfe. 



P P, Bridge-houfes for containing cokes, iron-ftone, and 

 lime-ftone, for fiUing the furnace. Meafurement within 42 

 by 40 feet. 



Q^Q^ Doors or entrances from the coke yard into the 

 bridge-houfes. 



R R, Openings from the bridge-houfe, which is here con- 

 nefted with the furnace, by means of an arch and parapet 

 walls. This is more fully feen in the elevation feftion P. 

 Along this bridge the materials are carried or wheeled into 

 the mouth of the furnace. 



S S, Two blaft furnaces, 34 feet fquare in the bafe. 



T, Cafting-houfe 1C2 feet long by 4? in width, from the 

 front wall or arch of the furnace, or 88 feet wide from the 

 front wall of the engine and bridge-houfes, and 24 feet high 

 in the fide walls. 



W, Watei receiver for receiving and equalizing the column 

 of blaft. Length 40 feet, and breadth 1 8 feet. 



V, The fpace in which the equivalent column of water 

 rifes, 3 feet wide. The exterior line denotes the inverted 

 iron cheft ; the interior linerj, the difFerent bafements formed 

 by the ftone work laid upon the cheft to prevent it from rifing 

 when the engine is at work. 



Y, Termination of the blaft conduft pipes from the air 

 cylinder into the iron receiver, 2 feet 6 inches diameter. 



Z, Pofition for the horizontal range of pipes to branch 

 off, which are meant to convey the blaft to the oppofite 

 tuyeres, a a, betwixt the back wall of the furnace, and the 

 bridge-houfe. 



bb. The two tuyere fides next the water prelTiTre. From 

 Y proceeds a ftraight pipe along the centre line b, for con- 

 veying the blaft to that fide of the furnace. 



c c. Front arches, under which the furnace workmen per- 

 form all the labour of tapping, calling, and cleaning the fur- 

 nace. 



Vol. IV. 



1} d. The fpaces inclofed within thefe dotted lines are 

 called pig beds. They are kept conftantly filled with fand, 

 and in them the operation of moulding and running the pig 

 metal is couftantlv performed. 



Plaie XII. Bliijl Furnace worh. 



Elevated feftion of the ground plan, Piati XI. through. 

 N F B D C E and X. 



A, Iniide of the blaft engine-houfe. 



B, Steam cylinder pedeftal. 



C, Blowing or air cylinder pedeftal. Both of thefe are 

 built upon 4 or 6 inch planking, laid upon ftrong logs, which 

 are again fupported upon the folid ftone buildings, a a, run- 

 ning from the lower wall along the fide wall of the engine- 

 houfe, to the wall perpendicular to E. The binding down 

 bolts that pafs through the flanges of the cylinders are 

 ftrongly keyed upon the under fide of the logs, and are at 

 n'l times ca'.ily accefiible. 



D, The lever wall and opening of communication be- 

 twixt the fteam and blowing end of the engine-houfe. 



F, Door or opening into the calling houfe and water re- 

 gulators. 



E, Door to the boiier houfe. 



G, The boiler-houfe. 



H, One of the boiler feats. 



I, One of the boilers, 18 feet long, by 9 J wide, by 7 high. 



K, Manhole door for entering t!ie boiler. 



L, Tliorough arch in the foundation of the chimney. 



M, Throat, or opening into the chimney, for the pafiage 

 of the flame and fmoke. 



O, Coal pit for containing fuel for the engine. 



P, Arched pafiage of communication betwixt the bridge- 

 houfe and furnace mouth. The opening in the bridge-houfe 

 is more diftincUy feen at R, P'.ate XI. 



S, Side view of one of the blaft furnaces, as conneftcd 

 with its correfponding bridge-houfe. 



W, Water vault, orciilcrn, for receiving the invertedcbeft. 

 In rocky foundations this is cut out of the rock, but in 

 foft ground the excavation is made and lined with well jointed 

 mafon work, puddled behind with clay to prevent the lols of 

 water. 



T, Cafting-houfe and roof. 



b. The tuyere arch. 



c. The fow, or lintel of caft-iron, 12 inches fqi:are. 



d. The orifice at which the blaii enters, called the tuyere. 



e. Spring beams of the engine houft, A. Thefe are com* 

 pofedof two logs 14 inches fquare. The main gudgeon, 

 feat, and beam reft upon thefe. 



f. Stay logs for the fteam cylinder. 



g. Ditto, for the blowing cylinder. 



Defcription of P.WXIII. Blajl Furnace Wcih. 



Crofs feftion and elevation of Flute X\. through S Y S. 



S S, Seftion of two blaft tiirnaces, and their fitjatioa as 

 connected with the blowing apparatus. 



Y, The branch pipe for communicating the air to the in- 

 fide tuyeres of the furnace. This pipe has another 

 branch of communication behind, which cunnecls it to the 

 blaft pipes which dcfcend from the blowing cyiinder at A, 

 and to the double column of pipes which are carried rouiii 

 behind the furnace to the oppofite tuveres. 



C C, View of the pipes which convey the air to the oppo- 

 fite tuyeres, where double bhifts are in ufe. 



D, Front wall of engine abd bridge-houfes. 



X, Iron cheft inverted in the water receiver, and cor- 

 nefted with the blaft pipes. 



VV, Opening all round for the water to afcend, as it be- 

 comes expreficd from the cheft by the impelling force of tlie 

 blaft. 



4 D O, iogs 



