B O E 



■rinime afflixit," Helmf. 1580, 8vo. This may be eos- 

 fidered as the earlieft record of the contagious catarrhal fever, 

 which has many times fiiice vifited the world, and which has, 

 in this country, been famiharly denominated the influenza. 

 " Anatoraia vel defcriptio partium corporis humaiii," PIchnf. 

 158^, 8vo. The text book from which the author gave his 

 leftures, " De philtris. Utrum animi hominum his commo- 

 veantur, necne I" a quellion much agitated at that period of 

 the world, but long fnice laid afleep. Haller. Bib. Anat. 

 Eloy Bib. Hift.Med. 



BOECLER, JoH>j-HENRY,an eminent German philolo- 

 gill, was born at Cronheira in Franconia, in 1610, and pre- 

 ferred, at the age of 21, on account of his great learning, to 

 the office of profcfTor of eloqr.e.ice at Strafburg. In i6-|8 he 

 was invited to Sweden by queen Chriftina, and appointed to 

 the chair of eloquence at Upfal, and to the office of royal 

 hiiloriographer ; but bein;T obliged by ill health to quit the 

 country, he became profeffor of hillory at Straiburg. He 

 was counftUor botii to the eleftor of Mentz and to tlie em- 

 peror, and received a penfion from Louis XIV. He died in 

 1692. His piincipal works are " Commentationcs I'liniana;;" 

 " Timur, vulgo Tamerlanus," 4^0. 1657; " Nutitia Sti. Ro- 

 mani Imperii," 1681, 8vo. ; " Hiftoria, fcholaprincipum ;" 

 " Bibliographia critica," 17IJ, 8vo. ; " DiiTertationes Aca- 

 demicae," J vols. 4to. 1710; " Animadverfiones in Poly- 

 bium," 4to. 16S1 ; " Commentatio in Grotii librum de jure 

 belli et pacis," 4to. 17 12. He wrote, bcfides, Latin cum- 

 mentaries on various ancient authors, and fcveral traas on 

 German hiilory. Nouv. Did. Hill. 



BOEDROMIA, in y^w/Zyu/Vj', from /Smi^jojxo,-, helper, Ae- 

 rived from /Soxi', / cry, and '■f^-i^w, I run, folemn feafts held at 

 Athens, in memoiy of the luccour brought by Ion, fon of 

 Xnthus, to the Athenians, when invaded by Eumo'.pui, fon 

 of Neptune, in the reign of Ereftheus. Plutarch gives an- 

 other account of the boedromia, which, according to him, 

 were celebrated in memory of the viftory obtained by The- 

 feus over the Amazons, in the month Boedromion, called by 

 the Corinthians " Panemos ;" which was, in the ancient 

 chronology, the third month of the Athenian year. It con- 

 fifted of thirty days, and anfwered to the latter part of our 

 Auguil and beginning of September. 



BOEHM, in Biography. See Behmen. 

 BOEHMER, Philip Adolphus, fonof Juftus B. pro- 

 fclTor of anatomy at Hall in Saxony, under whom he received 

 liis education ; was admitted do£lor in medicine in 1736. As 

 he apphed his mind particularly to the lludy of midwifery, 

 he gave for his inagural thefis, " De precavenda polyporum 

 generatione." His next dilTertation, which was pubhihed in 

 1 741, in 4to. was " Situs uteri gravidi, ac fcetus, ac fede 

 placentx in utero." In this he has given a critical examina- 

 tion of the midwifery forceps ufed in England, which he com- 

 pares with, and prefers to Leuret's. Thcfe pieces were added 

 by the author to his edition of fir Richard Maiminghaia's 

 " Compendium artis obftetricice," pubhibed in 174O, 4to. 

 Having acquired celebrity by ihefe and other works, he was 

 adopted member of the Acad. Nat. -Curios, and foreign aflTo- 

 ciate of the Royal Academy of Surgery at Paris. He was alfo 

 appointed to iuccecd his father as profeffor of anatomy and 

 medicine in the univerfity at Hall. In 1749 he pnbliflied 

 " Inftitutioiies oileologicae, in ufum prcleftionum," 8vo. 

 Ki.!ler particularly commends in this work the engravings of 

 the embryos, and fome fcctal Ikeletons. His " Obf^rva- 

 tionum anatomicarum, fafeiculus primus," folio, v,as pub- 

 lifhed in 1752. Among many rare and curious obje-^ts are, 

 an engraving of a pregnant uterus, to fhew the membrana 

 dtcidua, and a ftetus in one of the Fallopian tubes, with the 

 placenta. The lecond colledion, aifo in folio, publiflitd in 



B O E 



I7ji5, (Contains a fmaller foetus in one of the tubes, and a 

 child with two bodies and only one head. For the title,-; of 

 the remainder of his diffcrtations, fee Haller. Bib. Anat. and 

 his colleftion of medical thcles, in which the greater part of 

 them is iiiftrted. 



BOEHMEillA, in Botany (named by Jacquin in honour 

 of George Randolph Bojhmer, profeffor of anatomy and bo- 

 tany at Wittenburg), a genus of the clafs monoecia tetrandria, 

 formed by Swartz for three plants, not defcribed by Linnxus, 

 natives of the Weft Indies, to which he added two others, 

 the urtica cylindrica, and the caturus ramiflorasof Linnxus. 

 It conlUtutes a connecting link between uitica and parietaria. 

 N It. Ord. _/I-<;inV«'. 6V//V^ JufVu-u. .Schreb. 142 I. Jacq. 

 Americ. 246. Swartz. prod. 34. Juflieu. 403. Gen. Char. 

 Male flowers on the fame plant with the female, cither diftin A 

 or mixed. Ca!. perianth one-leafed, four-parted to the hale ; 

 fegmeuts lanceolate, acute, fomewhat erect, coloured. Sc'areb. 

 (tubular, JulTieu and Bole;. Cor. none. Me8. r.one. S:.im. 

 filaments four, longer than the calyx, awl-fhaped, erc6t ; an- 

 thers rouiidifh, ovate. Fem.ale flowers, Cor. none. /"//?. 

 germ ovate, compreifed ; ftyle filiform, erecl, t)ermanen"t • 

 Itigma hmple, pubefcent. Pent, up, none. Seeei, roundifh, 

 compreifed, margined. Sehr;b. (lingle, very fmall, enclofed 

 in the periiiancut calyx. JufT. Bofc). The flow-rsire fepa- 

 rated from each other by numerous, denfe, ovate-acuminate, 

 braitts or fcales. 



Species, I. B.catiJ.^ia. Brown Jam. 23S. " Leaves op- 

 pofite, ovate, acute, ferrate ; racemes very long, pendulous ; 

 flowers dioECOUs; ffem fuffruticofe." A flirub ten or twelve 

 feet high. Brown calls it the nettle-tree. 2. B. liliorei/'ts. 

 " Leaves oppofite, ovate-lanctolate, ferrate ; flowers con- 

 glomerate, axillary, monoecous, mixed; ftem herbaceous, 

 four-cornered." Native of Hifpaniola. 3. B. cylinelrica. 

 " Leavesoppofite, ovate, acuminate, ferrate; racemes fpiked, 

 axillary, eicif, timple." An annual plant, with a lucid, her- 

 baceous ftalk, dividing into feveral branches ; leaves with 

 three longitudinal veins; on pretty long petioles. A native 

 of North America and Jamaica. 4. B. ramiflora. " Leaves 

 alternate, broad-lanceolate, acuminate, ferrate, wrinkled • 

 flowers aggregate, axillary and lateral, moncecous, dillind. 

 Males three-ftamened." A flirub, eight feet high, with long 

 branches ; leaves fickle-fiiaped, rugged, on verv fliort petioles, 

 placed towards the ends of the twigs ; very diflerent in fize 

 fome being two inches, and others a foot in length on the 

 fame twig. Male flowers fmall, yellowifh, numerous, aggre- 

 gate, on the leaflefs old branches. Female flowers whitifh 

 on the younger twigs to the very end. Native of Jamaica 

 and other iflando of the Well Indies. 5. B. hirta. " Leaves 

 alternate; ovate, acute, ferrate, hirfute ; flowers monoecous, 

 heaped, axillary, mixed." A native of Jamaica. 



La Mark has not inferted this genus either in the alpha- 

 betic part of the Encyclopedic, or in the fubfequent 

 fyflematic feries of figures. He follows Linna:us in referring 

 the cylindrica to urtica, and the ramiflora to caturus. 



BOEL, Peter, in Biography, an excellent painter of 

 fruit, flowers, and animals, was born at Antwerp in 162 c 

 and having been a difciple of Snyders, whofe widow he mar- 

 ried, he went to Italy, v.htre his uncle Cornelius de Waal 

 reiided, and in his return through France was much em- 

 ployed, particularly at Paris, where hecontinuedforfome time. 

 He died in 1680. As an artill be copied after nature, with 

 a free and bold pencil, and a tint of colour that was natural 

 and beautiful. There are fome few flight, but fpirited, 

 etchings by Boel, from his own compofitions, reprefenting 

 various animals, &c. Cornelius Boel, who flouriflied in 161 1, 

 and Coryn or Quirin Boel, who flouriflied in 1660, both en- 

 gravers, were of the fame family. Pilkington. Strutt. 



BO£LE. 



