BOG 



ivas to be avoided ; and they alfo maintained that it was the 

 archangel Michatl that became incarnate. Tliey rejcdtd 

 the books of Mofes, and onlv adn^ttcd fcven books of 

 fcripuire ; they maintained the Lord's prayer to hi the only 

 eucharlft ; that the baptiim of the Catholics was only that cf 

 St. John, and their's that of Jcfi'.s Chriil ; and that ail thofe 

 oi their feet conceived the Word, or Lo^os, as ir.uc!'- as the 

 Virjrin, denying the reality of Chriil's body, which they 

 confidered only as a phantom. They alfo held, that the 

 body, upon its feparatioii by death, returned to the malig- 

 nant mafs of matter, without either the profpeci or the pofiibi- 

 lity of a future refurrcction to life and felicity. Mofli. Eccl. 

 Hift. vol. iii. p. no. Jortin's Rom. on Eccl. Hift. vol. v. 

 p. \6. 



BOGORDSKOI, in Geography, a town of Ruffia, in 

 the government of Archangel ; S miles S. W. of Mezen. 



BOGORODITZK, a town of Ruffia, in the govern- 

 ment of Archangel, on the Dwina ; 44 miles S. S. E. of 

 Archangel. 



BOGORODSK, a town and diiti-itl of Ruffia, in the 

 government of Mofcow, on the Kiiafma ; 28 miles E. of 

 Mufcow. 



BOGORODSKOI, a town of Ruffian Siberia, in the 

 province of Tomil-;, feated on the Oby. The chinch be- 

 longing to this town is famous tor a celebrated picliire of 

 the Virgin Mary, called " Oediitria," which is brought 

 every year, on the 2iil of May, in proceffion to Tomflc. 

 There are irons works in this place. 



BOGOROSTAN, a town and dittricl of Ruffia, in the 

 province of Ufa, feated on a river falling into the Samara. 



BOGOTA, a town and province of New Granada, in 

 Spaniih South America, feated near the river Magdalcna. 

 The town is called Santa Fe de Bagota, and is the capital of 

 the kingdom of New Granada ; it is fituate on the banks of 

 the fmall river Pati. which runs into the Magdalena. It 

 was made an archbifhop's fee by pope Julius III. in J554, 

 and an univerfity was erefled here in 1610. It has a fo- 

 vereign court of judicature, the prefident of whxh is gover- 

 nor of the whole province or ki: gdom of New Granada. 

 Near it are fome gold mines, and tlie chief mcidern m;r.es of 

 Peruvian emeralds, juil'y preferred to all others, fince thoie 

 of Egypt have been ne'^ledled. Among the numerous 

 cataracts of this country Bouguer mentions tliat of the 

 river Bogota, which paffes the city of the fame name, 

 about S leagues before it joins the Magdalena, faid to be 

 a vertical fail of more than 1200 feet. N. lat. 4" 20'. 

 W. long. 75° 40'. When tiie Spaniards took polTcfiion of 

 this part of South America, they found in Bogota a nation 

 more confiderable in number, and more improved in the va- 

 rious arts of life, than any in America, except the Mexicans 

 and Peruvians. The people of Bogota fubfiiled chiefly by 

 agriculture. The idea of property was introduced among 

 them, and its rights fccured by laws, handed down by 

 tradition, andobftrved with great care. They lived in large 

 towns ; they were decent'y clothed, and their houfcs, com- 

 pared with thofe of furrour.dmg tribes, m ght be termed 

 commodious. Government had affutied, in this ftate of ci- 

 vihzation, a regular I'orm, and ajurifdiclion was eilublifhed, 

 which took notice of different crimes, and punilhed them 

 with rigour. They wtre acquainted with the diftinition of 

 ranks, and their chief reigucd with abfolute authority. He 

 was attended by various officers and guardj, carried with 

 much pomp in a fort of palanquin, and the road was fwept 

 before him a;id ftrewed with flowers. For the fupport of 

 this expence taxes were levied on the people, who regarded 

 their prince with veneration, and feldom approached him but 

 with an averted couutenaace. One of the chief caufes of 



BOG 



that obfequious I'pirit, which prevailed among the people of 

 Bogota, was tlie influence of fupei'lition. The refpeCt 

 they paid to their moriarchs was infpircd by religion ; and 

 tlie heir apparent of the kingdom was educated in the inner- 

 moft recefs of their principal temple, under ijch auftcre dif- 

 cipline, and with fuch peculiar ntes, as tended to fill his 

 fubjects with high fentixents concerning the fanftity of his 

 character, and th- dignity of his itation. This fnperilition, 

 which, in the rudeft period of fociety, is either altogether 

 unknown, or waif es its force in childifli unmeaning practices, 

 had acquired fuch an afcendant over thofe people of Ame- 

 rica, who had made fome little progrefs towards refiiier.'ent, 

 that it became the chief inftrument of bending their minds 

 to an un>im.ely fervitude, and fubjected them, in the be- 

 ginning of their political career, to a dcfpotifm hardly lefs 

 rigorous than that which awaits nations in the lai't ilage of 

 their corruption and decline. 



The people of Bogota (as well as the tribe of the Nat- 

 chez) had advanced beycnd the other uncultivated nations 

 of America, in their ideas of religion, as well as in their 

 political inftitutions. The fun and moon were the chief ob- 

 jects of their veneration. They had temples, altars, priells, 

 facrifices, and that long train cf ceremonies, v.hich fuperlti- 

 tion introduces wherever Ihe has fully eftabliflied her domi- 

 nion over the minds of men. But the rights of their wor- 

 fhip were cruel and bloody ; they offered human viftims to 

 their deities, and many of their practices refembled the bar- 

 barous iuilitutionsof theMexicins» Robertfon's Hift. Ame- 

 rica, vol. ii. 



BOGRA, an uncultivated mountainous tract on the 

 north of the barony of Miiftery, in the county of Cork 

 and province of Munfter, Ireland. It is upwards of ten 

 miles long, and in fome parts fix miles in breadth ; and is a 

 common to the adjacent e'tates. In winter it !S for the mod 

 part deep, marfhy, and impaiTablc ; but in fummer hard and 

 firm, producing grafs and heath, and is then grazed by vaft 

 herds of cattle, v;hich are removed to the lower lands when 

 this feafon is over. Large quantities of turf are alfo pro- 

 cured from it. Dr. Smith has applied to it thefe lines of 

 Thomfon : 



"The brown burnt earth 

 Offruits^and flowers, and every verdure fpoiltd. 

 Barren and bare, a joylcls drc<iry waite 

 Thin cottagcd ; and in time of trying need 

 Abandoned." 

 Many confiderable ftreains flow from this high and wild 

 trait, which difcharge thtmfelves into the Lee or Black- 

 water, as their direction is fouth or north Smith's Cork. 



BOGRUSH, in Ornithology. The Motaalla Scharwhatw; 

 Linn, ar.d Rtd IVarller ol Latham, 15 defcribcd under this 

 name in the ArClic Zoology. 



BOGUE, in Ichthyology, the French name of a fiih of the 

 Sparus genu.", Spams hoops of Linnaeus. 



BoGUE, Belv, m Ivlyiholagy, tl e white god to whoin 

 the Slavonians paid their adorations. His ilatue, imcarcd 

 with blood, was covered with flies. His rites confifted in 

 diverfions, games, and feafts. He was a beneficent deity, cor- 

 rcfpondin'g to the good principle, the " Oromazes," of the 

 Perfians. The black god, " Toherry Bogue," correfpond- 

 ed on the contrary to the evil principle, the m.aleficent being 

 Arimanes. He was worihipped by bloody facritices, and 

 the prayers of his votaries were addrefled to htm in a mourn- 

 ful and plaintive voice. 



BOGLT.SLAW, in Geography, a town of Poland, in the 

 palatinate of Kiovia ; 32 miles S. E. of Bialacerkiew. N. 

 lat. 49° 36'. E. long. 31° 12'. 



BOGUTCHAR, a town and diftria of Ruffia, in the 



govern- 



