BOH 



joveramnit of Voror.etz, on a rivulet of die fiime name, 

 laili'.ifj into tlie Don. 



BOGWANGOTD, a town of Hindoftan, near the 

 Ganges; 1 1 miles N. of Moorlliedabad. 



BOHABOL, ia Jncient Geography, a town of Afia in 

 Syria. 

 'BOHADSCHIA, in Botany. See Pfltaria. 

 BOHAIN, in Geo^mpky, a town of France, in t|i; dt- 

 Jfe-tmtnt of the Aifiie, and chief place i:f a cantop, in tlie 

 t!i!h-!tt of St. Quentin ; lo miles N. N. E. of St. Qncntin. 

 The place contai:;s 2152, and the canton 131S1 inhabitants. 

 The territory comprehends 172^ kiliometres, and 14 coin- 

 innnc?. 



BOHAR, in Ickhyoh^y, a fpecies of Sen's N.v, defcrib- 

 ed by Forlkal, as a native of Arabia. The colour is red, 

 linealed, and clouded vs'ith white. Forllv. Fn. Arab. 



This bears a ftronjj affinity to another fifli dcfcribcd by 

 the fame writer, as an inhabitant of the fame country, Ivaf- 

 mira. Gniclin txpreffes a doubt whether it does belong to 

 the Sci.tNA genus. The body is of an oblong form, and 

 covered with fmooth fcales. When alive there are two large 

 fpols on the back, which dilappear after the fi!h is d-ad. 

 There are two (hort cirri, or beards before the nollrils : in 

 the upper jaw two fubulate teech, which project beyond the 

 lower, the two middlemoll of which are placed remote. 

 The lateral line runs nearer to the back. l)orlal and anal 

 fins rounded behind, and the unarmed part of both Icaled, 

 the fpines of the latter growing gradually larger : ventral 

 conneftcd by an intermediate membrane. Tail bifid. 

 Gmelin. 



BOHAROAVCZE, in Giop-aphy, a town of Poland, in 

 the palatinate of Kaminiec ; 60 miles N.W. ot Kaminiec. 



BOHDANICE, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 

 Chrudim, which has the privilege of holding fairs. 

 BOHEA, \n Botany. SeeTHF.A. 



BOHEMIA, in Geography., called in German Boicrham, 

 Bcihe'im, Bohiim, and corruptly Boehmen, that is, the habi- 

 tation of the Boii (fee Bon) ; a kingdom of Europe, in the 

 Auftrian dominions ; bounded on the north by Mifnia, 

 Lufatia, and Silefia ; on the w'eft, by the circle of the 

 Erzgeberg, the Voghtland, the margraviate of Culmbach, 

 and the Upper Palatinate ; or, in general, by Franconla ; 

 on the fouth, by Bavaria and Auftria ; and on the ea!l, by 

 Moravia, Silelia, and the county of Glatz. Bohemia is en- 

 vironed on all fides vi'ith high mountains and large fortfts ; 

 towards the fouth it is feparatcd from Auftria by a ridge of 

 confiderable elevation, which psfTes to the north-eaft of Ba- 

 varia ; and on the north-well, it is parted from Saxony by a 

 chain of metallic mountains, called the Erzgeherg, a w"ord 

 denoting hills that contain mines. On the well of the river 

 Eger, near its iunftion with the Elbe, Hands the mountainous 

 group of MileiTou, near which is Donneberg, fuppofcd to 

 be the higheft in the province ; and on the aorth-eail is the 

 Sudctic chain, which branches from the Carpathian, and 

 divides Bohemia and Moravia from Silefia and the Pruflian 

 dominions. T his country was formerly remarkable for an 

 cxtenfive foreft, a remain of the ancient Hcrcyuia Sy'.va, 

 which extended from the Rhine to Sarmatia, and from Co- 

 logne to Poland. The Gabreta Sylva lay on the fouth-weil 

 of the fame country, where a chain of hills now divides it from 

 Bavaria. 



Bohemia, as we have already obferved, derived its name 

 from the Boil, who, under their leader Se^jovefus, fettled in 

 that country about 5(^0 years before the Chrillian ira. The 

 Boii were foon after expelled by the Marcomanni ; and thefe, 

 being weakened by their wars with the Romans under the 

 condud of Tiberius, were fubducd by the Sclavi (fceScLA- 



BOH 



vONtANs), who, like the other Scythians, wandered from 

 place to place with the'r farmlies and cattle ; and, as Strabo 

 iiiformiS us, even in the time of Augullus Ca-far, lived pro- 

 niifcuoufly with the Thracians. Afterwards, fprcaduig 

 themfelves well ward, in a few centuries they poncHed Illyri- 

 cum, Poland, Moravia, and Bohemia. But retaining their 

 ancient manners, they negledled to build cities ; and inha- 

 biting the country in detached hordes, they regarded only 

 pallurage and the care of their flocks. The firll ruler, 

 or chief, mentioned by hi'torians, was one Czechius, from 

 whom the natives derived the appellation of Czechs, or 

 Zcchs, who, quitting Croat'a, migrated firll to Moravia, and 

 from thence to Bohemia, about the middle of the fixth cen- 

 tury, which he found covered vvitii wood, and pofTeiTed rather 

 by herds of wild cattle than by men. Here he fettled his 

 fmall colony, and taught the few inhabitants ot the country 

 to cultivate the lands, and to fow corn. Alter his death, 

 the Bohc.T.ians remaii'ed for feveral vcars without a ruler or 

 judge ; but being now aflembled in villages, they were 

 anxious to obtain a more fettled form of government than 

 that which they had found effeftual during their palloral life. 

 With this view they chofe for their governor a young man, 

 wl.ofe n,;me was Croc, diilinguillied by his prudence, wh.o 

 reilored peace and order, and maintained the authority ot 

 the laws. He was fucceedcd by the youngell of his three 

 daughters, Lybufia, who was refpedled for her flvill m the 

 art of divination ; and who, abcut the clofe of the ieventii 

 century, married acountry labourer of the name of Premiilaus, 

 who, being called from the plough to the dignity of governor, 

 carried his cloak and fiioes along with him, as memorials tor 

 his pollerity, to prevent their being elated with the profper- 

 ity of their condition. This Prem.iflaus is faid to have 

 founded the city of Prague, to have diilributed the people 

 into different ranks, and, after quelling fome ten;porary in- 

 furreCtions, to have reigned peaceably till his death. He is faid 

 to have been the firll duke, though others trace the origin of 

 the duchy to an earlier period, and fay that Czecliius was 

 the firll who bore this title. The government feems 

 afterwards to have continued hereditary in his family, though 

 with fome fcim of election ; and a deicendant, whofe name 

 was Borivorius, or Borzivori, embraced Chrillianity about 

 the clofe of the ninth centurv, and, alter fome oppcfition, 

 introduced it into his dominions. On this occafiun feveral 

 churches were built, and Ichools creeled ; but upon the 

 death of his ion Wratifiaus I. in the beginning of the tenth 

 century, his wife Drahomira, who alTumed the government 

 during the minority of her fons, manifeftcd her hatred 

 againit the Chrilliaus, malTacred about 300 of them in one 

 night, burnt their temples, and ordered them to deliver up 

 their arms. However, upon the acceffion of her fon Wen- 

 cefiaus II. A. D. 916. the Chrillian religion was again en- 

 couraged ; and, in order to prevent dilputes with his brother 

 Bolefiaus, who had been educated under his mother, he 

 crded to liim that part of Bohemia, which lay beyond the 

 Elbe. Wenccflaus, having obtained a viftory in a duel, a 

 challenge to wliich he accepted for the purpofe of fpaiing 

 the lives of his rebellious fubjeds, was invited by Otho the 

 Great to the diet at Worms, where he offered him the title 

 of king, which Wei Ceflaus declined accepting. In the year 

 932, \Vcncenaiis was murdered by his brotficr BoJellans I. 

 fumamed the Cruel, who, fiiccecding him, conducted his 

 admiiiifti-ation with great cruelty, perircuting the Chriltians, 

 and ixpelling tiiem the kiiigdom. His Ion and iuccelibr, 

 Bolefiaus II. furnair.ed the Pious, founded and endowed 20 

 churciies, and obtained leave from pope John IX. to create 

 a bifhop at Prague. His fubjeds formed a confpiracy againfl 

 him, on account of fome reforms which he attempted to in- 

 troduce ; 



