BON 



bits woods. The neft of this fpecies is of a curious ftruc- 

 ture, being compofed of leaves and fibres of vegetable, fewed 

 with the greateft ingenuity to the leaf of a banana plant, in 

 fuch a manner that the leaf itfelf forms one of the fides to 

 the neft ; when completed, it is faid to be exaftly in Ihape 

 of the fourth part of a globe. 



Another bird, of a fpecies very analogous to the above, 

 is defcribed by Ray and Sloane under the names of 'waichy 

 picket, Spanjflj vigbtitigak, yfmericari haug-ncfl, and idci'us mi- 

 nor nidum fiifpendens . This appears to have been confounded 

 with the former kind. Briflbn, deeming them both the 

 fame, included the fynonyms of the two fpecies together, 

 which led later obfervers into an error. Dr. Latham fepa- 

 rates them ; and, upon the authority of this able ornilholo- 

 gift, Gmelin gives the luatchy picket as a diftinft fpecies un- 

 der the name of oriolus nidipendiiliu. This fpccific name is 

 chofen, in allufion to the manner in which the nelt is fallened 

 to the extremity of the further twigs of the trees in which 

 it hves. The neft of the bonana bird is before defcribed ; 

 that of the watchy picket is very different, being of a long 

 cylindrical form, compofed of ftalks, fibres, and the inward 

 hairs of the " old man's beard," which latter bears a ftrong 

 refemblance to horfe-hair. The two oppofite methods of 

 conftrufting, as well as placing the neft, as Dr. Latham ju- 

 dicioufly obferves, cannot furely belong to one bird. See 



NiDIPENDULUS. 



Obf. Gmelin places the watchy picket, with a note of 

 fcepticifm, as a fynonym to motacilla calidris. This might 

 poffibly miflead, without obferving that Sloane, Ray, S:c. 

 defcribe more than one bird under that name ; the latter is 

 the American nightingale of Edwards, and the hang-ne/l 

 nvarbkr of Latham, the bird called the watchy picket by 

 Sloane, Hift. Jam. 2. p. 299. 



BONANNI, Padre Filippo, in Biography, a Jefuit, 

 who pubhfhed at Rome, in 1722, in 410. drawings of a 

 curious coUeftion of mufical inftruments, reprefented in the 

 hands of the performers ; entitled " Gabinetto Armonico 

 Pieno d'Iftromenti Sonori indicati e fpicgati — ed offerto al 

 fanto Re David." The collection is curious, and the in- 

 flruments are not ill executed ; but we are not fure that the 

 drawings are always correct. 



BONARATTE, in Geography, a fmall ifland of the In- 

 dian ocean, fouth-eaft of Saleyer, ceded by the Macaffers 

 to a raja of Boni, in Celebes, who ufed it as a place of edu- 

 cation for his dancing girls, and appropriated to the fame 

 purpofe by the kings of Boni. It is chiefly inhabited by 

 Bougenefe. 



BONARELLI, Guidubaldo, Count, in Biography, 

 an Italian poet, was born in 1563, in the palace of the duke 

 of Urbino, to whom his father was favourite minifter ; and, 

 after previous inftruftion at home, was fent to ftudy theo- 

 logy at Pont "a Mouffon, in France, where he made fuch profi- 

 ciency, that he was invited, at the age of 10, to take the chair 

 of philofophy at the Sorbonne. He returned, however, into 

 Italy, and was employed by Casfar, duke of Modena, in 

 fome important nego-iatiors at the courts of Rome and 

 France ; but incurring difgrace by his marriage, he with- 

 drew to Ferrara, and, in 1607, publifhed the paftoral drama 

 by which he acquired celebrity. This drama was acted by 

 the academy of " Intrepidi" at this place, of which Bona- 

 relli had been one of tne founders. In his way to Rome, for 

 the purpofe of affuming the ofRce of msjor-domo to cardinal 

 Efte, he was feized at Fano with a diforder, which termi- 

 nated his life, Jan. 8, 160S. The drama of Bor.arelli, en- 

 titled " Filli di Sciro," was much applauded both in Italy 

 and other countries at its firft appearance, and was ranked 

 by common opinioa next to the Aminto of Taffo, and the 



BON 



Paftor Fido of Guarini. Although this paftoral has many 

 poetical beauties, it ftrongly indicates the corrupt tafte 

 which then prevailed : neverthelefs it maintains its place 

 among Italian paftorals. Many editions of it have been 

 printed ; and it has been tranflated into the French and 

 Englifli languages. Gen. Biog. 



BONARES, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Anda» 

 lufia ; one league from Lucena. 



BONARIENSIS, in Ornithology, that fpecies of Loxia, 

 or groftjcak, defcribed by Bufton under the name of noir- 

 fouci. The head and back of the neck are blue ; body above 

 blackifli, beneath yellow ; belly and vent fulphur colour ; 

 wings and tail blackilh, edged with blue. 



This bird is about fevcn inches long, and is obferved ge- 

 nerally to fly in pairs ; they haunt gardens, where they do 

 much mifchief, as they feed on feeds. The bill is blackifli; 

 legs reddilh ; claws acute, curved, and grooved ; the hind 

 claw largeft. This is the marigold grojbeak of Latham. 



BoNARiENSis, a fpecies of Tanagra, that inhabits Bo- 

 naria. This is eight inches long ; the colour black, gloffcd 

 with violet, and with greenifli on the wings and tail. Gmel. 

 &c. Buffon calls this bird tangavio. The beak is black, 

 the legs blackifli, with large claws. The female is of a 

 brown colour, with the head black, and glofied with 

 blue. 



BoNARiENSis, a fpecies of Motacilla, of a black co- 

 lour ; throat and fides ferruginous ; face, chin, middle of ■ 

 the belly, and exterior tail feathers, white. This bird 

 is of the fize of a linnet ; bill blackifli ; hind-claw large. Buf- 

 fon calls this demi-Jin noir et roux. It is the auhite-chinned 

 ivarbler of Latham. 



BONAROTA, in Botany, Michel, and Scopol. See 



P.EDEROTA. 



BONASCOLA, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the 

 ftate of Genoa, near the fea-coaft, 4^ miles S.S.W. of 

 Brugnetto. 



BONASIA, in Entomology, a fpecies of Cicada {mem- 

 bracis, criiciata) found in America. Fabricius defcribes it 

 as having the thorax bicornuted, produced behind, and edged 

 with white ; at the bafe of the wings is a white fpot. 



BoNASiA, is alfo the name of a fpecies of Papilio [He- 

 liconius), the wings of which are fufcous, with a common 

 fulvous band ; the lower pair fpotted at the bafe with 

 black. 



BoNASiA, in Ornithology. Under this name Briffon de- 

 fcribes feveral fpecies of the Tetrao genus ; as forinftance, 

 tetrao Canadenfis he calls bonafta freti HudJ'onis ; tetrao Ca- 

 nace, bonafta Canadenfts ; tetrao lagopus, bonajia fcotica ; and 

 tetrao togatus, bonafta major Canadenfs. 



BONASUS, in Zoology, one of the fynonyms of the 

 wild ox. See Bos Taurus. 



By fome the bonafus is underftood to be that particular 

 kind of wild ox which has the horns bent back, and the 

 mane very long. Bonafus of Pliny, &c. bos cornibus in fe 

 flexis, juba longiflima. Linn. Syft. Nat. The bifon is 

 thought by Gefner to be the bonafus of Ariftotle. 



BONAT, in Geography, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Creufe, and chief place of a canton, in the di- 

 ftrift of Gueret, jJ leagues N. of Gueret. 



BOMAVENTURA, St., in Biography, a cardinal of 

 Rome, and entitled the " Seraphic doctor," was born at 

 Bagnarea, in Tufcany, in 1221 ; and having entered into 

 the order of Minorites, in 1243, ftudied at Paris under 

 Alexander de Hales, and there taught theology with great 

 applaufe. He received his doftor's degree in 1255, and in 

 the following year was made general of his order. He de- 

 clined accepting the archbilhoprigk of York, to which he 



wag 



