BON 



■was nominated by pope Clement IV. In 1265; and, after 

 his dcatli, the choice of a fucctirnr was referred by the car- 

 dinals to Bonaventura, who fixed on Gregory X. by whom 

 he was made cardinal, and whom he attended to the fecond 

 council of Lyons, in 1274, where he died in the fame year. 

 He was canonized by Sixtus IV. in 1482, and declared a 

 dottor of the church by Sixtus V. in 1588. His works 

 have been collefted in 8 vols. fol. and were printed at Rome 

 in 1^88 ; and an edition of them in 14 vols. 410. has alfo 

 been publifhed. Among thefe are his " Life of St. Fran- 

 cis," the founder of his order, and " A Commentary on the 

 Mafter of the Sentences," in which he appears to be a com- 

 plete mailer of the theology of the 13th century. To him 

 has been infcribed the inllitution of religious confraternities ; 

 and though his private charadler, and literary talents, are 

 commended both by proteftants and catholics, he has in- 

 curred Come reproach for the zeal with which he promoted 

 the worfhip of the virgin Mary, as the mother ot God. 

 Moreri. Encycl. Molheim. vol. iii. 



Bonaventura, Frederic, an eminent fcholar and phy- 

 fician of Urbino, in Italy, who flourifhcd in the -early part of 

 the 17th century, publilhed, in 1601, " De natura partus 

 oflomeftris, adverfus vulgarem opmionem, libri decem," 

 Francof. folio ; an enormous volume, containing upwards 

 of one thoufand pages, on this uninterefting fubjeft, in 

 which he has introduced the opinions of different writers, 

 and accounts of all the controverfies that have been held on 

 the legitimate period of utero-gcllation in women. The 

 auchor had publilheda difTertation on the fubjeft, in the pre- 

 ceding year, which he incorporated in the great work, but 

 with which a modern reader would probably have been fully 

 contented. Haller. Bib. Med. 



Bonaventura, Cape, in Geography, hdtxiateonihtcoafi 

 of New Guinea, in S. lat. 6° 15', and about 65 leagues N.E. 

 from port St. Auguftine. The land is low and luxuriant, 

 and produces the cocoa-nut, bread-fruit, plantain, &c. 



Bonaventura, the name of an ifland, north-eaft of the 

 bay of Chaleur, off the coaft of New Brunfwick, in the gulf 

 of St. Lawrence, and a Uttle to the fouth-weft of the point 

 which forms the fouth-eaft entrance into that river ; about 

 a league from Gafpe bay, — Alfo, an ifland on the ftarboard 

 fide of the entrance into Porto- Bello harbour, oppofite to 

 the mouth of Guanches river. See Porto-Bello. 



BONAVENTURE, or Bueneventura, a river, bay, 

 harbour, and fort, on the coaft of Papayan, in South Ame- 

 rica, nearly fouth from Panama bay. N. lat. 4° 20'. W. 

 long. 77". Barks and floops of 40 or 50 tons may go up 

 to a village a league beyond the fort. Bonaventure is the 

 ftaple port of Cali, Papayan, Sta. Fe, &c. 



Bonaventure, Cape and Port, are fituated on the eaft 

 coaft of Newfoundland, about fouth-weft of Bonavifta cape, 

 and form the north entrance into Smith's found, from 

 whence the coaft runs S. by W. into Trinity bay. — Alfo, a 

 bay on the eaft fide of the ifland of St. Vincent. N. lat. 

 13° 9'. W. long. 61° 18'. 



BONAVISTA, fo called in reference to its beautiful ap- 

 pearance at fea, the moft eafterly of the Cape de Verde 

 iflands, about 20 miles long, and 12 broad, anddiftant about 

 Jo leagues weft from the coaft of Africa. Its furface is low 

 towards the fea, but within hilly, particularly towards the 

 north-eaft extremity, where is a hill, which, from its conical 

 and truncated ftiape, appears to have been a volcano ; and 

 there is another hill, much higher, towards the fouth-weft 

 end, with high land to the weftward of it. The foil is 

 fandy, barren, and uncultivated ; milk, goats, fifh, and tur- 

 tle, are the principal food of the inhabitants. It affords 

 £ome fait ; and if the culture of it were not negleded, it 



BON 



would yield cotton and indigo. It is known at a diftanjc 

 by feveral white banks on its north lide, where the fliore is 

 bold, and where a rapid river dilcharges itfelf into the fea. 

 This ifland has a good harbour on its weft fide, where veffels 

 may lie in 15 or 16 fathoms water. At the diftance of a 

 league or a league and a half from the fouth-eaft point of 

 the ifland is a reef of rocks ; and over this point, fays Capt. 

 Cook, there is a pretty high round mountain, rifing not far 

 from the fliore. This point, by his obfervations, is in 

 N. lat. 16*^ o', and longitude from London, by account, 

 21° 51' W. The latitude of the north end of the 

 ifland is le'^ 12' N. and of the fouth end 15° 57' N. but 

 that at the eaft er.d was not afccrtained. Mr. Wales, 

 in the fecond voyage, determined the latitudes of thefe three 

 points as follows : north point 16° l-J-j' N. eaft point 16° 

 3f' N. and latitude of the fouth point 15° 58' N. Stavo- 

 rinus fays, that this ifland has two eminences of a middhng 

 height, that appear diftinCtly upon it ; and that there are 

 two reefs, one at the north fide, and one at the fouth fide, 

 which ftretch out to the eaftward, and which are both very 

 dangerous. According to the account in lord Macartney's 

 embafly to China, the fea-coaft on the fouth-eaft fide was 

 guarded by rocks ; but towards the fouth-eaft end the fliore 

 was much covered with white fand. On that iide there 

 feemed to be neither cultivation nor inhabitants. The lati- 

 tude of Bonavifta was 16° 6' N. and the longitude 22° 47' 

 W. The variation 12° 36' to the weftward of the pole. 

 This ifland belongs tc the Portngnefe. 



Bonavista, Cripe, the extreme N.W. point of the ifland 

 of Cuba in the Weft Indies, opening into the gulf of 

 Mexico, from whence the land falls off fouthcrly to cape 

 St. Antonio. 



Bonavista, Cape anil Bay of, lie on the eaft fide of 

 Newfoundland ifland, the cape lies in N. lat. 48^ 54', and 

 W.long. 52° 33', and was difcovered by John Cabot and 

 his fon Seballian, in 1497, under a commiflion for exploring 

 unknown lands, obtained from Henry VII. The bay 

 is formed by this cape and cape Freels, 15 leagues 

 apart. 



BONAYE, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Lower Loire, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift 

 of Nantes. The place contains 834, and the canton 9,530, 

 inhabitants ; its territory comprehends 13J kiliometres and 

 7 communes. 



BONCAT, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Lower Pyrenees, 6 leagues N. of Bayonne. 



BONCHAMPS, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Mayenne, 2 miles S.W. of Craon. 



BONCONICA, Oppenheim, in jlnc'ient Geography, a 

 town of Gaul, placed between Mogontia to the north, and 

 Borb itomagus to the fouth, feated on the river Rhenus, in 

 Germania prima. 



BONCONVENTO,orBuoN-coNVENTO, in Geography, 

 a town of Italy, in the territory of Sienna, wheie the 

 emperor Henry Vl I. died; 12 miles S. of Sienna. 



BONCORE, Thomas, doftor in philofophy, medicine, 

 and law, in Biography, has left a memorial of a deftruftive 

 peftilcnce, which raged at Naples, where he was in high 

 credit, as a praftitioner in medicine, in the year 1622. " De 

 populi, horrihili, ac peftilenti gutturis affeftione, nobiliffimam 

 urbem Neapolim vexante, confilium," 4to. 1622, Neap. An 

 early account of the fcarlatina anginofa, or malignant fore 

 throat, which has of late years made fuch frequent appear- 

 ance, and proved fo dcftrudtive, among children particularly, 

 in this country. Eloy. Bib. Hift. 



BOND, John, an Enghfti grammarian of the i6th cen- 



tury, was 3 native of Soraerfetftiire, and after linilhing 



6 his 



