BON 



BON 



ter given tliem ; not only their miific and fingiiig, but even 

 their '.::.3fuage is cen fared for its elifions, its metaphors, its 

 fimil''s, conftruflion, and inverted plirafes. 



The ex"citionof the Italians he compares to the dexterity 

 of the foldicr who was brought to Alexander, to exhibit a 

 trick which he had acquired by infinite pains and practice, 

 of chucking a pea into a diflant hole which jull fitted it. 

 When all the reward which the great conqueror beftowed 

 upon the foldier for his ufelcfs application of time was, to 

 order him a peck of peas. 



Iiideed hII the praife that is due to Bonnet for the firft 

 part of what he calls a hiltory of mufic, is, the having col- 

 leftcd materials towards a hiftor\' of the art ; but he was no 

 muficidn, and equally unable to explain the theory of the 

 ancients as the praftice o*^ the modems ; fo that his work 

 is totally devoid of tallc, order, and ufeful information. 



Bonnet, or Bonkt, Theophilus, an eminent and re- 

 fpeftabl- praftiliirr phyfician, and voluminous writer in me- 

 dicine, of Geneva, where he was born, March 5th, 1620. 

 Following in the fteps of his father and grandfather, he 

 early attached himfelf to the praftice of phyfic. After vifit- 

 ing feveral foreign academies, he was admitted doftor in 

 medicine at Bologna, in 1643, and was foon after made 

 phyfician to the duke de Longueville. Though he foon at- 

 tained to high credit in hisprofefRon, and had a large (hare 

 of praftice, he dedicated a confiderable portion of his time 

 to reading, and to difTedting fuch fabjetts as the hofpital 

 afforded him, with a view of difcovering the feats of the 

 difeafes, under which the patient had laboured ; minuting 

 every deviation he obferved from the natural ftruclure of the 

 vifcera, or other parts of the body, and thus opening a new 

 road for improving the fcience he cultivated. He alfo ap- 

 pears to have made extrafts of eveiy thing he deemed wor- 

 thy of notice, from the vaTious works he read. His hear- 

 ing from fome accident becoming defeftive, he withdrew 

 from praftice, and employed the laft ten or twelve years of 

 his life in 'arranging the materials he had collected. The firft 

 fruit of his labour, which he gave to the public, in 166S, 

 was " Pharos medicorum," 2 vols. i3mo. This was printed 

 again, much improved and enlarged, in 1679, '" 4'^o- under 

 the title of " Labyrinthi rnedici, extricati," &c. compiled 

 principally from Bellonius and Septalius. In 1675, " Pro- 

 dromus anatomise praclicce, five de abditis morborum caufis," 

 fol. ; the precurfor of his principal work, " Sepulchretum, 

 leu anatome practica, ex cadaveribus morbo denatis pro- 

 ponens hiftorias et obfervationes," &c. 2 vols. fol. Genev. 

 1679, which far exceeded the expettation raifed by the 

 prodromus. It was enlarged by nearly a third part, and 

 republifhed by Manget, 2 vols. fol. i 700, and was afterwards 

 taken by Morgagni, as the bafis of his work, " De fedibus, 

 et caufis morborum," by which the fepulchretum is in a 

 ;;reat meafure fuperfeded. The author begins with obfei-va- 

 tions on the appearances of the brain and other parts of the 

 head ; then of the contents of the thoi-ax, abdomen, and 

 pelvis ; and Lftly, of the extremities ; forming an immenfe 

 body of difleftions, which he has illuilrated by many perti- 

 nent and ingenious obfervations. " Cours de medicine, et 

 de la chirurgie," 2 vols. 4to. 1679. An epitome of the art 

 of furgery, with fome fedtions relating to the practice of me- 

 dicine, feleAed from the mcft accredited authors of the age. 

 " Medicina feptentrionalis, colleftitia," 2 vols. fol. 1684. 

 fhewing how largely the practitioners of the northern parts 

 of Europe, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Holland, and 

 England, have contributed to the improvem.trt of anatomy, 

 furgery, and medicine, by extracts and accounts of the 

 works of the principal writers of thofe countries. " Mer- 

 curiiis compilatitius, feu index medico-praflicus, decifiones, 



cautiones, obfervationes in fingulis affeflibus, Sic. o-ftendens 

 tutam medendi viam," fol. i6Sz. A molt ufeful work, 

 fhewing under the name of every difcafe or afieclion where 

 cafes or obfervations may be found, and what authors have 

 written upon them. Such an index continued to the pre- 

 fent time, though very voluminnus, would be highly ufeful. 

 Bonet alfo publifhed " Epitome operum Sennerti," fol. 

 1685, and " J. D. Turqutti de Mayerne, de Arthritide," 

 1671, i2mo. and " Rohaulti tradlatus phyficus, e Gallico in 

 Latinam verfus," 1675, 8vo. He died of a dropfy, March 

 3, 1689. Hall. Bib. Med. 



Bonnet, in a general fenfe. See Cap, Hat, Mitre, 

 &c. 



Bonnet, in Fortification, a kind of 'rale ravelin, without a 

 ditch, having a parapet three feet high ; anc-ently placed 

 before the points of the faliant angles of the glacis; being 

 pahfadoed round ; of late alfo ufed before the angles of baf- 

 tions, and the points of ravelins, and fauffebrayes. See 

 Plate Fortif. 



The bonnet has two faces, from ten to fifteen, or more 

 rods long: the parapet is made of earth, from thirty to 

 thirty-fix feet thick, and from nine to twelve feet high : it 

 is environed with a double row of paliladoes ten or twelve 

 paces diftant trom each other ; hath a parapet three feet 

 high, and is like a little advanced corps du guard. 



Bonnet a preire, or priejl' s cap, is an outwork, having 

 at the head three faHant angles, and two inwards. 



It differs from the double tenaille only m this, that its fides, 

 inftead of being parallel, grow narrower, or clofer at the 

 gorge, and open wider at the front ; on which account it is 

 alfo denominated queue d'aronJc, or fwallow"s tail. 



Bonnet, in Geography, a river of the county of Leitrira, 

 in Ireland, which paifes within four miles of iLough Clean, 

 from which the Shannon iffues, and carries boats into Lough 

 Gilly, and thence into Sligo bay. Dr. Beaufort obferves, 

 that the day may come, when the fpirit of enterprife and 

 commerce will open itfelf a paffage by this channel alfo. 

 Beaufon. 



Bonnet, St. a town of France, in the department of the 

 Higher Alps, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrict of 

 Gap, 2^ leagues N. of Gap. The place contains 1508, 

 and the canton 10,284 inhabitants ; the territory compre- 

 hends 24^ kiliometres, and 20 communes. 



Bonnet le Chateau, St. a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Loire, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 

 trict of Montbrifon, 4 leagues S. of Montbrifon. The 

 town contains 1506, and the canton 12,945 inhabitants. The 

 extent of the tenitory includes 1925 kiliometres, and 10 

 communes. 



Bonnet le Caftet, St. a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Puy de Diime ; 5 leagues N. E. of Brioude. 



Bonnet de Bruyeres, St. a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Rhone and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in 

 the diftridl of Villefranche, 6 leagues N. of Viiletranche. 



Bonnet de Chavagne, St. a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Ifcrc, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 diltrift of St. MarceUin, i^ league S. W. 01 St. Marcellin. 

 Bonnet de youx, St. a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Saone and Loire, and chief place of a canton, 

 in the diftriA ofCharollts, ;^ leagues N. E. of Charolles. 

 The town contains 1,321, and the canton 6140 inhabitants ; 

 the territory comprehends 160 kiliometres, and 7 com- 

 munes. 



Bonnet, in Heraldry, a cap of velvet worn within a 

 coronet. 



Hoti tier pepper, in Botany. See Capsicum annuum. 

 Bonnet, in Sea-Language, an additional part of a fail, 

 5 E 2 laced 



