BON 



laced at the bottom or foot of thc'/ore-fail, tiy-fail, and ftorra 

 maul-fails, of fome ved'els with one mail, in moiierate winds. 

 It is made like the foot of the fail for which it is intended, 

 and has latchings in the upper part, to correfpond with and 

 fall through holts iji the foot of the fail, b)' which it is 

 falleiied. 



The words in reference to it are, lace en the bonnet, that 

 is, fallen it to the courfe ; Jhake 'ff the lontid, that is, take 

 it off the courfe. 



Bonnet chin'.it, in Concholo^y, is the common or tririal 

 name applied by French collectors to the Patella Chi- 

 MENSis, in the fame manner as we (liould call it in Engliih 

 the Chinefe ionnet, or limpet flicll ; thus alfo the French 

 Biinriet tie Polognr, for the I.innxan Biiccinum li-Jllciiliis, &c. 



J5oNNET chiiwis, in Zoo/orv, the French name of Simia 

 SiMCA, Gmel. or Chinefe ape of Pennant's fynopfis, a 

 fpecies that inhabits the country of Bengal. See SiNiCA. 

 Obf. The fame animal is called Guenon couronie, by late 

 French writers. 



BONNETABLF,, in Gco^^raphy, a town of France, in 

 the department of the Sarthe, and chief place of a canton, in 

 the didrift of Mamei-s. The place contains 45''^", and the 

 canton 11051 inhabitants; the territory comprehends 105 

 kiiiometres, and 10 communes. 



BONNETELLA, in Entomology, an European fpecies 

 of Tinea, dcfcnberi by Linna-us, in Fn. Suec. Fabricins 

 and others. The wings are white, with two httle fiKery 

 lines, the poderior one of which is waved. 



BONNETIA, in Botany, (in honour of Charles Bonntt 

 of Geneva,) Schreb. 915. Willden 10^0. Mahuria Aub- 

 let 222. Jufl'. 434. Encyc. method. Clals, polyandria 

 monogynia. Nat. Ord. uncertain. Juff. Gen. Char. Cat. 

 of one leaf deeply divided into five ovate, acute, concave feg- 

 ments, two larger tl.an the others. Cor. petals five, ovate, 

 fomewhat obtufc, concave, longer than the calyx, the three 

 fuperior fmaller, upright ; two lower larger, inclined, at a 

 diflance from each other. Stain, lllaments very numerous, 

 inferted into the receptacle, fliorter than the coroll, dilated 

 at the top. Anthers yellow, oblong, tcti agonal. Pi/l. 

 perm fuperior fmalj, oblong. Style imurved. Stigma hol- 

 low, three-h.bed. P.rkarp. capfnle dry, membranous, ob- 

 long, three-celled, three-valved, valves iharp pointed. Seeih 

 many, fmall, black, oblong, involved in a coloured mem- 

 brane, affixed to the three-fided receptacle. 



Elf. Char. Gal. five-parted, two parts larger. Cor. five- 

 petallcd, three fmaller upright, two larger inclining. Ca[>f. 

 oblong, three-celled, three-valved. manv feeded. 



Species. B. palujhis. Lamark. Ululh tab. 464. A tree 

 fifteen feet high, levtn or eight inches in diameter ; branches 

 upright, chit lly towards the top of the trunk ; leaves al- 

 ternate, pctiolcd, ovate, entire, fmooth ; petioles chanelled, 

 with two fmall llipnlcs at their bafe ; flowers purple, 

 fpiked, one, two, or three together, furnilhed with three 

 fcaly brades, one larger at the bafe of the peduncle, the two 

 others lateral. A native of Cayenne and Guiana. 



BONNEV.A.L, Claude-Alexander, Count of, in 

 Biography, a del^-endant of an ancient family of Limoufin, 

 was born in 1672, and having entered betimes into the army, 

 ferved with dillintfion in Italy under Catinat and Vendome. 

 Abandoning his country in 1706, and entering into tlie 

 fervice of the emperor, a fentence was procured againft him 

 by the miniller Chamiilart, which fubjected him to decapi- 

 tation. Notwithltanding this profcription, he ventured to 

 Paris, and publicly married a lady of the family of Biron. 

 In 17 16 he ferved againll the Turks under prince Eugene, 

 and was a major at the battle of Petcr-Waradin, where he 

 behaved with Angular valour j but in 1720 he bad a dif- 



o 



BON 



pute with prince Eugene, and challenged hitn, for which 

 offence he was deprived of his employment, and condemned 

 to a rear's imprifonment. ITpon regaining his libertv he me- 

 ditated revenge, went over into Turkey, became a mufful- 

 man, and was created a badiaw of three tails, general of 

 artillery, and at laft, m.ailer of the ordnance. In tl'.is fitua- 

 tion he introduced European improvements among the 

 Turks, and lived much elleemcd to the age of "i; yeais. II« 

 left a fon, who fuccccdcd him in the office. He was a man 

 of quick parts, courage, and ability ; but fingular in his con- 

 dndt, qnarrelfome in his difpofition, and addicted to fitire. 

 Upon changing his religion, he faid, " It was only chang- 

 ing his night-cap for a turban." With all his eccentricities 

 he preferved a calm temper; and faid, " In all my perfecu- 

 tions I never loft my appetite or good luimour. Happy 

 thofe who have philofophy in their blood !" His " True 

 Memoirs," and his " New Romantic Memoirs," w ere pub- 

 blilhed in London, in 1755. Nouv. Diet. Hilf. 



BoNNEVAL, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 paitment of the Eure and Loire, and chief place of a can- 

 ton, in the diftridl of Chateandun, feated on the Loire. 

 The place contains 15^1, and the canton 10,6 ;8 inhabitants; 

 the temtory comprehends 3375 kiiiometres, and 27 com. 

 mnnes. 



BONNEVILLE, a town of Savoy, the chief place of 

 a diftrift in the department of Leman, and before the French 

 revolution, the capital of Faucigny, feated on the banks of 

 the Arve, at the bottom of a chain of rocks, whicli from 

 this place diminifh into hills. The adjacent country is a 

 rich plain, producing plenty of wine and corn, but neither 

 populous nor well cultivated. The place contains ',90, and 

 the canton 9286 inhabitants ; the territory comprehends 

 iC'^ kiliometrcs, and 15 communes. N. lai. 46^^ 11'. Ej 

 long. 6° 15'. 



'Rcis\Ty\\.i.v.'ih-s-Bouchoux. See Bol'Choux. 

 BONNIE'RES, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Seine and Oile, and chief ])lace of a canton in thediftrici 

 of JMantes ; the place contains 7(^9, and the canton 11.984 

 inhabitants ; the territory comprehends 207* kiiiometres and 

 27 communes. 



BONNY, a town of France, in the department of tlie 

 Loirct, and chief place of a canton in the dillricl of Gien ; 

 containing about i.;oo inhabitants ; j leagues S.S.E. of 

 Gien. 



Bonny, a river of North Africa, which forms the 

 xllunry of New Calabar, in the kingdom of Benin, difcharg- 

 ing itfelf into the bay of Biafra. N. lat. 4^40'. E. long. 

 6^, jo'. 



Bonny, in Mineralogy, a name given by our miners to a 

 bed of ore foiuid in many places in hills, not forming a vein, 

 nor communicating with any other vein, nor terminating in 

 firings, as the true veins do ; it is a bed of ore of five or fix 

 fathoms deep, and two, or fomewhat itfs than that, in thick- 

 nefs, in the larger fort ; but there are fmaller, to thofe of a 

 foot long, I'liey have their trams of Ihoad-ftoncs from 

 them, and often deceive the miners from the cxpeftation of 

 a rich lead vein. They differ from the fquatts only in being 

 round beds of ore, whereas thofe are flat. Phil. Tranf. 

 N° 69. p. 2098. 



BONO et malo, Jl^rit, i!e, in /,aci', a fpecial writ of gaol- 

 delivery was a;icieiitly ufcd for each particular prifoner under 

 this title : but thefe being found inconvenient and oppref- 

 five, a general commililon for all the prifoners has long been 

 ellablifhcd in their Head. 2 Inft. 4J. 



BONONCINI, Gio. Maria, in Biography, Modancfe 

 Accademico iMlarmonico di Bologna, and'father of the cele- 

 brated John and Anthony Bononcini, publiflied in 1673, a 



work 



