BOO 



irtll a> ihu paprr. Of tli!» kindi DtrmeRca lacdailin l« ona 

 oflticnmll injurious. Tlic mixture ol ilic juice of worm- 

 -«vo<><l, and other bitlrr injjrcilicius, in tlie palle employtd 

 by book-binders, as an expedient for the fcciitity of books 

 •ijainil the attacks of thofc infcds, is of no utihly. Mincr.il 

 f«ll ■• arc ri'Coin-Tiended fm this purpolr inllead of it, under aii 

 idta, falfily conceived, that inleiSli, in that cafe, would not 

 »rrv ipon'tlicin. Mr. Prediger, anong other inllrudions 

 to Ccrniau Luokbiuders, nrintcd at I^cipl'.c in i;4i,advifes 

 thoir making paile of ifarcli inllead of flonr: he v.ilhcJ 

 tlicm to powder (lightly the books, the covers, and even the 

 (helves on which they (land, witli a inixture of powdered 

 alutn and fine pepper; and is alfo of opinion, that in ttie 

 nio;:llis of March, July, and Septemher, books (hould be 

 rubbed with a piece of woollen cloth ileeped in powdered 

 alum. M.lanj. d'Hyl. Niit.X..\. ■n/^. For the paferva- 

 tiun of books from the depredations of the iiifedis above dc- 

 fcribtd, it will be only I'equiiite to attend occafionally to 

 wipe and dull them, observing that the library be not kept in 

 a damp fitnalion. ^Viping, and an expofurc of the book to 

 the heat of a good fire, will iinnicdistely dcllroy the mites 

 contraited in the damp, and, of comfe, prevent farther injury 

 from that race of vermin. Corrofivc powders, even arfciiic 

 itfclf, would be employed in vain for the dellruftion of the 

 larva cither of the tinea, or the dermefus; but the fumiga- 

 tion of tobacco, a clofe heat, like that of a liow oven, or the 

 fcent of camphor, will effedu.dly dellroy them. The lull 

 remedy we are certain, from txperitnce, to be excellent. 

 Mulk might, perhaps, anfwer iitaily as well; or, laftly, if 

 alum be preferred, let it be firft buna to a powder. Wlieu 

 M. Prediger recommended his preparalioii of powder-alum, 

 he did not fcem to be aware, that if employed in a crude, 

 Hubiirnt ftate, it could produce no effett upon the infefts 

 intended to be dtllroyed. 



BOOKING, among il/(rf(a7/j, &c. the making an entry 

 of any matter in the journal. See Book, Book-keeping, 

 and JnuRNAt.. 



BOOM, \n\}(\t Sea-Language-, along pole employed in ex- 

 tending the fails of a fiiip, principally in moderate breezes of 

 wind. Of thefe there are various kinds, according to the 

 purpofes for v.hich they are intended. 



Booms, fimply fo called, are thofe employed in extending 

 the lower fails when the (hip is going large ; which is done 

 by putting one end of the uooui into the clue of the fail, and 

 the other end to a but againd the fide of the Ihip. Thefe 

 booms are retained in tlicir pn<per potitipnt, by means of ropes 

 called _fu_v J. 



Drivci-ho'yin, is that which is tifed in extending the 

 lower part of the diiver. 



jfib-boom, is a fpar run out from tlie bowfprit, and is, there- 

 fore, a continuation of it, in the fame manner as the top-mall is 

 that of the mad. Upon tlils boom tht- jib, in fqnare -rigged 

 velTels, is fet ; ard hence its name. In fume vefT.ls, the length 

 of the boom is fo much increafed, as to carry a Hying jib. 



Mainl'oom, is that which ferves to extend the lower part 

 of the main-fail in veffeU having only one mad: in brigs, 

 &c. it extends the lower part of the fore and aft main-fall, 

 tlie upper part, in cither cafe, bcinp^ extended by a gaff. 



Spanker-boom, a boom projeAing from the mizcn-maft, 

 conliderably beyond the tatfrail, by which a larger fail can 

 be extended tlian by the common boom. 



Studding-Jail-homt, are booms run out from the yard 

 arms, from •/■'.u.-h the Ihidding-fails are fufpended. 



yo Root:, 'ij, is to pufh any thiryg away, as a fhip, &c. 

 by means c.i a rod or boom. 



Boom alfo denotes a pole v.'ith a bufli or baflvct on the top, 

 placed to direft Ihips how to ileerinto a channel ; othcrwife 

 called a beacon. 



BOO 



BftOM likewife It ufed, in Marh'.e Fortljieauw, to denote a 

 cable or cables llrctthed athwart the month of a river, or 

 harbour, with y;u-d3. top-my.fts, battlings, or fpars of wood, 

 lalhcd to it, and girded with uon hoop- rivetted together and 

 nailed to the fpars, to iJieveut an memy'i entering. Such a 

 boom M. Chateau Renault had with diligence and art pre. 

 pared at Vigo, for the defence of the plate fleet lying there 

 in 1VC3; but how flrong focver, it wab forced by Vicc-Ad- 

 miral liopfon, on the Toibay. 



To lav a bocirn, provide a great number of wooden hat. 

 tlings or fpars, of about 20, .50, or 40 feet length, and be- 

 twcen 5 and 10 inches diameter; then moor two boats, 

 having a Iheef -anchor in eacli, in the place near one fide of 

 the river where it is intended the bocnu fhall btgin ; bend 

 two cables to thefe anchois, and round them place the fpars 

 or pol.-s, frajijiirg on each with rattling ttnll", or with four- 

 inch rope, until the boinn is 7, 8, 9, 10, or more feet in dia- 

 meter, according to the hands employed, the cables being in 

 the middle: then, with iron ho(ips rivetted together, worm 

 the boom, and drive through the hoop a nail into almoll 

 every fpar. After having wrought a good birth for the 

 anchors, drop them, and continue the work till it is brought 

 near the other edge of the river, and there drop two anchors 

 more, with the cables bent to thun. Over all lalh the fpare 

 yards and top-marts, with the top-chains, fo far as the chan- 

 nel goes. To that part of the cable within the boom, over 

 the channel, let two or more cables be fallened, and bent to 

 anchors laid down the llream ; over the clinch of thefe cables 

 let battlipgs or fpars be wrought for near 15 fathoms down 

 the llream, that the enemy may not cut thefe cables. Thefe 

 will be ferviceable when the enemy's (hips come "ftemlings'' 

 againll the boo;ii ; for if he force it in one place, the whole 

 will not be opened by that fradture. In places where wood 

 is fcarce, and fpars cannot be readily procured, or in cafes 

 where there is not time enough for preparing them, it may- 

 be fufficienl to woold two cables together with old ropes, 

 ladling to them the oars, top-mails, and yards, and worming 

 the whole about witli iron hoops; and let every part be well 

 " pnyed" witli pitch, and fmall gravel (Irewed in it while 

 the pilch is warm. A boom fo prepared cannot be eafily 

 cut. The boom (hould generally be fo contrived, as to open 

 at one end for the paftage ofveflTcls; and there aie feveral 

 ways of doing this. One is, to clinch one end of the cable 

 to an end of a large mooring-chain, the other end floating 

 with a buoy, and this end fixed to the ring of an anchor by a 

 fliackle. The chain being loofed from the anchor at the 

 ebb, with a iliick hawfer lixed to it, the boom will fwing 

 down the dream during the ebb ; and, upon the flood, the 

 b.^om may be re-laid, if tlic enemy appear in light, wliich he 

 mud do at the tirll ot the tide, tor, npjn the ebb, there is no 

 danger of his coming; becaufe, if the wind is right in, a 

 prudent enemy will not venture againft the tide, a (hip then 

 making fnchwild Iteerage ; and fliould die ground, flie mnd 

 lie there till flood, which may prove fatal to her from the 

 batteries alliore ; and, againd both wind and tide, the enemy 

 cannot come in. On the contrary, fiiould the boom be car- 

 ried up the flood, and the enemy appear at the beginning of 

 the next flood, the boom cannot be re-laid till the ebb, and 

 before that time the enemy may have accomplillied his de- 

 fign. If .iccefs can be had to plenty of timber, a " llockado" 

 may be made, by driving feveral rows of piles in the channel 

 before the boom ; or, if the depth of water diould not allow 

 of this work, the trees may be ufefully applied in making a 

 raft to ride before the boom by good anchors, fo that the 

 cables be made too fad for the enemy to cut them. Thefe 

 rafts may be of lingular ufe, by making fires on them, when 

 the enemy appears, which will produce a condernation, that 

 may caufe him to chop to anchor, and lofe time, or his tide ; 

 2 and 



