nop 



wsid» t" ih.ilc vvlio haJ dlrtinguinicil t!if mfelvfs in flie 

 n'\ion. From ttiat tim-, llit Grecian pintrals dilpofcd of 

 the fiinm ariliiij; from tlit- fnle of the pfiinJcr ; fomcliiius dt- 

 iH.litiiig them III the (jiiblie tiealiiry : ;ic other limes afilgii- 

 iiifj ihem to defray llie cxpeiiee of piilillc woilis, or llie de- 

 forat'oii of temples ; enriching theii friends and folditrs with 

 them; atUliii,' them to their own wealth ; or at leall ;tj)pio- 

 piiatiiigto dirinfelve'i the tiiird part, uhich in certain cuiiii- 

 trics was re;Tiil.,rly afllgued them by conilant.iifajje. Pulyb. 

 Ililh I. ii. p. 147. 



By the military difeipliiic of the Romans, fpoils taken 

 fmm llie cmmy he'ronged to the republic ; particular perfons 

 having lui right to them- The gentrali who p:qiied thenifelves 

 on their probitv, carried it wholly to t!ic public trcafury. 

 SomctitiRS, indeed, they divided it among ilic foldiery, to 

 animate them, and ferve in lieu of reward. But this diftri- 

 biition depended on the generals, who were to condudl 

 themfelves herein with great equity and moderation ; other- 

 wife it became a crime of peculation to lay hands on the 

 pillage, as regularly belonging only to the (late. The con- 

 fuli Romtdius and Veturius were condemned for having fold 

 the booty taken from the ^qui. Liv. lib. iii. 



Among the Jews, the booty was divided equally between 

 the army and the people, though under the kings a different 

 kind of diilribution obtained. Numb. .^xxi. 27. 



Among the Mahon-.etans, two thirds of the fpoil's are al- 

 lowed to the army ; the other third to God, to RIahomet, 

 and his relations, and to the orphans, the poor, and the 

 pilgrims. Calma. Did. Bib. toni.i. p. 321. 



Among us, formerly, the booty was fometimes divided 

 among the foldiery. If the general be in the field, every- 

 body takes what he can lay hold on : if the general be ab- 

 ferit, the booty is diftrib\:tcd among the foldiers, two parts 

 being allowed to the cavalry, ar.d one to the infantry. A 

 captain is ailort-ed ten ihares, a heuten.TOt fi.x, and a cornet 

 four. See Prize. 



BOOUROU, in Geography, an idand near the caft coaft 

 of Otaheite. 



BOPAL, or BoPALTOL, a town of Hindoftan, in a di- 

 ftrid of the fame name, in the counti7 of Malwa ; placed 

 by Mr. Rennell in N. lat. 23° 14'. E. long. 77° 28'. The 

 town io extenfive, and furrounded with a (lone wall ; the 

 iheets are wide and ftraight. On a riling ground, to the 

 fouth-wcll of the town, is a fort called " Fiitteh-gurh," 

 newly erefted, and not quite finiflied. It has a llone wall, 

 with fqaare towers, but no ditch. The fpot on which it 

 is erected is a folid rock. To the fouth-weft, under the 

 walls of this fort, is a very extenlivc tank or pond, formed 

 by an embankment, at the confluence of five ftreams ilfuing 

 fro.m the neighbouring hills, which form a kind of amphi- 

 theatre round the lake. Its lengtli is about fix miles; and 

 Irom It the town has the addition of " Tal" to its name.. 

 Thefc hiils, and others in the neighbourhood, cont:un a foft 

 free ftone, and a reddiili granite, the latter of which fcems 

 well totted for buildings that will refift water, and the inju- 

 ries of the weather ; and it is accordingly ufed in the new 

 embankment which is building at the caft 'end of the lake. 

 From this part iffues the fmall river «' Patara ;" and it is 

 laid that the " Betwah" takes its rife from another part of 

 the fame. The town and territory of Bopal are occupied by 

 a colony of Patans, to whom they were afligned by Au- 

 rungzebe. The revenue of Bopal is eilimated at 10 or 12 

 Lies of rupees. It does not pay any regular tribute to the 

 Mahrattas ; but a handfome pre lent is occafionally fent to 

 conciliate their fricndlhip. The people feem to be happy 

 under their prefent government ; and the Dewan, by his 

 Lofpitahty, and the proiedion afforded to ftrangen, has in- 



B O R 



duccd the caravan.i, and travellers in general, to take this 

 road Iitlwetii the Deccan and Hindoftan. Afiatic llefcarches,- 

 vo'. vi. p. 31. 



BOPPART, or BoppARD, an ancient town of Ger- 

 many, in the circle of the Lower Rhine, and lower ckftor- 

 ate, once imperial, feated on the banks of the Rliiue, and 

 fornicily belonging to the archbifhop of Treves. Since the 

 French revolution, it is the chief phice of a canton, in the 

 department of the Rhine and Mofelle, and in the dillrift of 

 Coblentz, from which it is dillant 8 miles fu\]th. The 

 place contains 2220, and the canton 7232 inhabitants. At 

 this town a toll iifcd to be exafted of yellcls which palled 

 along the Rhine. Near the river the town is furrounded by 

 high mountains, the fummits of which are richlv covered 

 w th woods; and when the foliage appears upon the trees, 

 the country about it forms a fcene truly pitlurefque and ex- 

 tremely luxuriant. On a mountain behind the town was a 

 Benediftine nunnery, called the abbey of J^,Tarienberg ; and. 

 befides this,, there were a convent of Carmelites, and another 

 of Francifeans, in very romantic fituatiuns. 



BOPPINGEN, an imperial town of Germany, in ths 

 circle of Swabia, and county of Oettingen, on the Eger ; j 

 miles weft of Nordlingen, and 28 N.N.E. of Ulm. 



BOPQIJAM, or M'(^uam bay, lies 011 the eaft fide of 

 lake Champlain, in Swantown, Vermont, and has Hog 

 ifiand on the north at the mouth of Michifcoui river. 



BOQJLTET, a river of America, which paffcs through the 

 town of Willlborough, in Chnton county, New York, and 

 is navigable for boats about two miles, and there interrupted 

 by falls on which are mills. 



BOQUINEN, a town of Spain, in Arragon ; 18 miles 

 N.W. of Saragofl-a. 



BOQUINII, in Ecdefajlica! Hi/lory, a fort of oacramen- 

 tarians, vtho afferted that the body of Chrift was prefent 

 only in the eucharift to thofe for whom he died, that is, the 

 eleft. They took the denomination from one Boquinus, a 

 Lutheran divine, who was one of the chief of the party. 



BORA, m yliicient Geography, a mountain of Macedonia*, 

 mentioned by Livy, between Illyiia and Epirus. 



BOR^Jl'A, a town of India, placed by Ptolemy on, 

 the other fide of the Ganges* 



BORABASSOU, in. GeograpFxy, a town of the ifland of 

 Celebes, where are manufaftures of cotton and filk ftuffs. 



BORACIC Acid, Jc'uk Boracie, Borjxfaure. This, 

 fubftance was firft difcovered in 1702, by Homberg ; who, 

 by heating together in a fubliming veffel- a mixture of borax 

 and fiilphat of iron, obtained a white cryftalline fait, which 

 from its fuppofed medical properties he named ■volatile narco- 

 tic fall of-vilnol, or feJative fait. The term borack add was. 

 appropriated to this fait by Lavoifier and his affociates, at 

 the general reformation of the chemical nomenclature. 



Boracic acid may be prepared in two ways ; either by fub- 

 hmation or precipitation. The beft method of obtaining 

 It, according to the former of thefe proccffcs, is as follows : 

 Take two parts of purified borax reduced to a fine pow- 

 der, and mix. them in a glafs alembic with one part of ful- 

 phuric acid previoufly diluted with an equal weight of water. 

 On the application of a gentle heat, the borax will difiblve \ 

 and at a. boding temperature, there will firft arife an acidu- 

 lous v/ater,. and afterwards, when the mafs in the alembic 

 begins to grow thick, a hght, white, flittering micaceous 

 lalt willcollea in the capital, which is the boracic acid. 

 As this fait fubhraes only while the laft portions of moiftiire 

 are evaporatii.>j, it is neceffary to return back the acidulous 

 water repeatedly upon the mafs in the alembic, in order to 

 obtain the whole of the boracic acid ; but this being a tedi. 

 ous operation, and generally terminating with the fradure of 



the 



