EOT 



kind, refenibliiig a branch oF yoimfr pjrapes. Tlie word is 

 formed from jSoTftj.:, a grape. In Englilli writers, it is fome- 

 times called the grape-ftone. 



BoTRYiTEs, or Botritfs, alfo denotes a fort of burnt cad- 

 m.ia, found foniewliat in the form of a bunch of grapes, ad- 

 hering to the up])er parts of furnaces, wliere tliat mineral is 

 calcinated. It differs from the placites, wliich is that ga- 

 lliered on the lower parts of the furnace ; though Schroder 

 gives a different dillinftion, viz. into botritts, fovmd in the 

 nuudle of the furnace, placites in the upper, and offracites 

 in tlie lo'.veit part. 



BOTRYLLUS, (botryllus conglomeratus), in Zoology, 

 the name of alcyoiiium conglomeratitm of Gmelin in Goertn. 

 ap. Pallas Spic. Zool. 



BOTRYblDES, in Nalm-alHlJlory, afpeciesof Mahre-. 

 PORA, liaving thick, fafligiate, obtufe, cluftered branches, 

 with reticulate, craggy undulations. Habitat, unknown. 

 Defcnbed in Solaridcr and Ellis's Corallines. 



BOTRYS, in ylncient Geography, a city of Phoenicia, 

 near the coaff and foutfi of the river Elcinherus, mentioned 

 hf Phny, Mela, and Polybius. ^Vccordmg to the latter 

 (lib. V.) it was built by Ethbai, or Ithobal, who reigned at 

 Tyre in the time of Aliab, about the year 923, B. C. Ste- 

 phanus Byz. thinks that this was the city which is called by 

 Joihua (xxi. 36) "l^f^, leljir, and by the LXX Boti'^, and 

 enumerated among the 4S cities which were affigned to the 

 Levites. This city, in Chrillian times, became an epifcopal 

 fee, and it<i bifliop. Porphyry, affilled at th-e council of Chal- 

 cedon: held A. D. 44S. 



BOTT, among Bone-lace JVeav^rs, a kind of round 

 cufhion of light matter placed on the knee, whereon they 

 work or weave their lace with bobbins, &c. 



Among the French the bolt, called oreUler, is a little 

 fquare wooden frame or defk, covered ordinarily with green 

 Huff. 



]5oTT, in Entomology. See Botts. 



BOTTENSTEIN, or Pottknstein, in Geography,^ 

 town of Germany, in the circle of Franconia, and biftiopric 

 of Bamberg ; 22 miles E.S.E. of Bamberg. 



BOTTER, Henry, in Biography, a learned phyfician of 

 Amersfort, profrtTor of medicine in the univerfity of Mar- 

 pursr, publi{lied,ln 162 1, " Epiflola de expurgatione empye- 

 matis," 4to. and in 1646, " De fcorbuto traclatus," 410. 

 Lubeck, Haller Bib. Med. 



BOTTESDAIE. See Botfsdale. 

 BOTTESTANO, a town of Germany, in the county 

 of Tyrol ; 10 miles S. of Bruneck. 



BOTTIA, or BoTTi^A, in Anaent Geography, a coun- 

 try of Macedonia, in the neighbourhood of Thrace. Its 

 limits are not aicertained by the ancient geographers, who 

 mention it. Herodotus places it at the towns of Ichnje 

 and Felice. 



BOTTLE, a fmall vcffel proper for holding liquors. 

 The word is formed from huleUtis, or holeUus, uftd in bar- 

 barous Latin writers, for a Icffer veffel of wine ; being a 

 diminutive of bota, which denoted a butt or cafl': of that 

 liquor. It is evidently derived from lutte, botte, Ivta, buticula, 

 hutkeUn, wh'ch occur in the middle ages. 



We fay a glafs bottle, a Hone bottle, a leathern bottle, a 

 wooden bottle, a fucking bottle. 



Of glafn bottles, fays Beckmarn (Hift. of Inventions, 

 vol. ii. p. 124.), no mention occurs before the I <\\\ centui')' : 

 for the " Amphora vitrtx diligenter gypfatx" ot Petrnnius, 

 (Sat. c. xxxiv. p.<-6. ) to the necks of which were anixed 

 tabels, expreffiiig the name and age of the wine, appear to 

 have been large jars, and to have formed part of the many 

 uncommon articles by which the voluptuary Trimalcliio 



VOL.V. 



EOT 



vviflud to dillingui(h himfL-lf. It is, however, fingular, that 

 thefe convenient veffcb were not thought of at an earlier pe- 

 riod, efpecialiy nsamongthe fmall funeialurusof the ancients, 

 many are to be found which, in fliape, refemble our bottles. 

 Mr. Beckinann conceives, that he difcdvors the origin of our 

 bottles in the ilgurc of tlie Syracufaii wine-flads. Charpen- 

 tier (Gloff. Nov. i. p. \V\z.) cites, from a writing of thr 

 year 1387, an txprcffion which feems to allude to one of our 

 glafs bottles ; but this, attentively confidered, refers merel/ 

 to cups or drinking glailos. The name houttaux, or boutilles, 

 occurs in the French language for the lirll time in the 15th 

 century ; but if it were more ancient, it would prove nothing, 

 as it figuificd originally, and dill figiiities, vrfTds of clay or 

 metal, and particularly of leather. Such vcfTels, filled with 

 wine, which travellers were accuffomed to fufpcnd from their 

 fiddles, might be Hopped with a piece of wood, or clofed 

 by means of wooden or metal tops fcrewed on them ; and 

 fach are flill ufcd fur earthen pitchers. We fhall here add, 

 that Hoppers of cork m.ull have been introduced after the 

 invention of glafs bottles. In I5.;;3, they were litle known ; 

 and their iiitroduiif ion into the (hops of the apothecaries in 

 Germany took place about the end of the I7lh century. 

 Before that period, they ufed Hoppers of wax, which were 

 more troublefome and more expcnfive. 



The ancient Jewiffi bottles were cags made of goats' or 

 other wild bealls' (Idns, with the hair on the inlide, well 

 fewed and pitched together; an aperture in one of the ani- 

 mal's paws ferving for the mouth of the veffel. Calmct. 



Bottles of this kind are mentioned in fcripture, and called 

 t/.ny.m ; and they were ufed for carrying water through the de- 

 icrts of Arabia and other countries, where Iprings and ilreams 

 are fcarce. Such bottles, indeed, have been in common ufe 

 both in ancient and modern times. They are mentioned by 

 Homer, Od. ^. 77. II. r. 246, and Od. E. 265. Sallull 

 fpcaks of them in Bell. Jug. 96, where he fays " Ex coriii 

 vtres uti lierent curabat ;" i. e. He provided bottles made 

 of fliins. That the ancient Romans were acquainted with 

 goat-flcin bottles is alfo evident from two lines of Virgil 

 (Georg. ii. V. 383,384.) 



*' Inter pocula laeti 



MoUibus in pratis unClos faliere per ulres." 

 From the circumftances here alluded to we may infer, that 

 thefe were leather bottles, which were oiled on the outfide to 

 make them more flippery, and more likely to occafion 

 the fall of thofe that hopped upon them. Horace (l.ii. 

 Sat. ii. v. 6S, 69.) mentions grealy water, which was given 

 to his gufits by Nxvius, a man of a parfimonious dif- 

 pofition. Thus, 



*' Neque ficut fimplex Na:vius, unP.am 



Convivis prasbebit aquarr.. Vilium hoc quoque mag- 

 num." 

 Tins " aqua unfta" has puzzled commentators; but it 

 probably refers to an oilinefs, which the water contrafted by 

 being fetched 111 unclean leather bottles. Thofe, however, to 

 which the fame appellation of bottles is applied in our tranf- 

 lationof the Old Tellament, are exprcffed by different terms 

 in the original ; and they were made of various forms, and 

 coniiffed of different materials. Thus, in Gen. xxi. 14. 

 the " bottle" of water, given by Abraham to Hagar for 

 herfelf and Ifnmael, is in the original n*.2n' '^hemeth, which 

 denotes an earthen pitcher ; and it appears from Habbakuk 

 (chap. ii. V. i^.), that they %vere accuflomed to drink out 

 of thefe chemdhs. Sir John Chardin, however, fuppofes that 

 the bottle given to Hagar was a leather one. The " bot- 

 tle" of wine, which Samuel's mother brought to Eli, 

 (i Sam. i. 24.) is called "^^J, iiiibt!, and was probably an 

 earthen jar or jug; and the fame word is alfo ufcd ! Sam. 



