B O T 



X i. anU I Sam. xvi. i . But the term, trannautl " earOic.i 

 bottk." in Jccin.xu. i. is piipil, /WA-f. A very dit- 

 fcreut wprd U ufeJ in Judges ivl ly. lo l.};mfy t he vcUU 

 out of which Jacl i-wi inilk. to Sifcra ; it is called T\K3. 

 ttJUii, wliich, having fomc reference to inoill or^oo/.uig, was 



probably made of goat-lkin, or the fkin of *" " ' 



" bi 



fome 

 cfti 



auimuli 

 and being conftanllf kept full of miUt, was prcferved in a 

 pliiMl ftate. The f;.me word is alfo uful to denote the 

 bottle in which Jede fcnt wine by David to Saul, i ^am- 

 xvi. 20. A'/u// is alfo ufed to exprefs the bottle "'t'^;^;]'":'' 

 the rfulmill dcfiKS llial his tears niiKht be cu letted, 

 rf. Ivi. 8. ; and that lo which he lefcnibles himfclf, 1 1. cix. 

 8». He fays " I am become like a bottle in the fmuke. 

 i e. like a bottle kept i:i the tents of the Arabs, blackened 

 with fmoke. To the mcaunefs of fueh a drijikuig vellel as 



B O f 



frefhcr than if ihcy were conveyed l.i boxes or pots ; 

 iiid other infefls arc prevented from getting 

 and they arc thus kept free from duft ; 

 and for'th'efe'reafonsbuuer, honey, checfe, and other fuch 

 aliments, are inclufed in velfels made of the ikins of thefe 

 animals. Accordingly, tlic things, particularly the balm and 

 honey, which were I 

 Jofeph Z6 a piefeiit. 



the ants an 

 among tlicm ; 



were carried to 

 were probably 



the blacknefs contracled in 



a goat-fkin bottle, as well as to t 



the Arab tent, the Pfalmill probably relcis ; and it was a 

 ii;oll natural image for him to ufe, driven from among the 

 vefTcU of filver and gold iu the palace of Saul, to live as the 

 Ar.ibs did, and tonfequently lo be obliged frequently to 

 ilriiik out of a fmoked Lather bottle. The word ufea by 

 lob (ch. xxMii. ly.) in the plural, is nl2kS*- "^'■"''Z ?"" ^^ 

 ■-jso, out, ligiiifics, in general to fwell or dillcnd, it is pro- 

 mrrly uftd to exprefs a Ikin bottle, which would be made to 

 fwell by the liquor poured into it, and wliieh wouhl be more 

 dillended and enlarged, till they would at lall burft, if they 

 had no vent, bv the fermentation of the liquor as it advanced 

 towards ripcne'fs. Hence we perceive tlie propriety of put- 

 ling new wine into new bottles, &c. according to the ap- 

 propriate allufion in the gofpels (Matt.ix- 17. Mark, 11. 22. 

 Luke, V. 37,38.), which being moift and ftrong, would 

 refill the expanfion, and prefervc the wine to due matuiity ; 

 whereas old bottles of this kind, being dry and more brittle, 

 w.oiild be-in danger of burlling, and were bell adapted to 

 receive old wine, the fermentation of which had ceafed. 

 Thefe leatJicr bottles are fuppofed, by a facrcd hillorian, not 

 oply to be frequently rent, when grown old and much uftd, affeft the hquor 

 but alfo to be capable of being repaired (Jolh. ix. 4.). 1704, 

 Modern travellers, as well as ancient authors, frequently 

 take notice of thefe leather bottles. The Arabs, fays fir 

 John Chardin, and all the>fe who lead a wandering life, keep 

 their water, milk, and other liquors, in thefe bottles, the 

 manner of repairing which he alfo dcfcribes. They ferve, 

 according to' this writer, to preferve their contents more 

 freth than in any other way. They are made, he fays, of 

 goat-fleins : when the animal is killed, they cut off its feet 

 and its head, and in this maniicr they draw it out of the flcin 

 without opening its belly. Tliey afterwards few up the 

 places where the legs were cut ofi', and the tail, and when 

 It is filled, they tie it about the neck. Thefe nations, and 

 the country people of Perfia, never go a journey without a 

 fmall leather bottle of water hanging by their fide like a 

 fcrip. The great leather bottles arc made of the Ikin of an 

 hc-'^oat , and the fmall onci, that fcrve inllead of a bottle of 

 water on the road, are made of a kid's flcin. In Ipeakiug ef 

 the Pcrfians, the fame traveller fays, that they ufe leather 

 bottles, and find them ufcful iu keeping water fiedi, efpe- 

 ' tially if people, when they travel, take care to moillen them, 

 wherever they find water. The evaporation thus furnifhed 

 ^ ferves alfo to keep the water cool. He fays, that the dif- 

 agrecabic lade of the leather is taken off, by caufiug it to 

 irr.bibc rofe-wjter, when it is new, and before it is applied to 

 ufe. l''or:n£rly, it is faid, the Perfians perfumed thefe 

 leather veffcls with mallic, or with incenfe. From him alfo 

 we learn, tkat they put into thefe goat-ikin and kid lliln vcf- 

 fels every thing which they want to carry to a diilance in 

 the Eail, whether dry or liquid ; they are thus prefeived 

 I 



omcwhat liquid, that 

 I preleni, (fee Gen. xllii. 11.) 

 niclofed iu httle vcflcis made of ki<l-(lcins. Homer alfo re- 

 fers to this mode of preferving various kinds of provilion m 

 leathern vellels. Od. li. 354. o- , „ , r 



The bottles made of (km refemble the " Girba," dcf- 

 cribed by Mr. Bruce, in his Travels through Ahyffiuia, 

 vol. iv. p. 334. " Thio," lie fays, " is an o.\-'s (li>;i fquared, 

 and the edges fewed together very artiilcially by a double 

 feam, which does not let out water, much refcmbling that 

 upon the btll Englilh cricket balls. An opening is left 

 in the top of the girba, in the fame manner as the bung- 

 hole of a caflc. Around this the Ikin is gathered to tlie ih.c 

 of a large handful, which, when the girba is full ol water, is 

 tied round with whip-cord. Thefe girbns generally contain 

 about 60 gallons each, and two of them are the load of a 

 camel. Thcv are then all befmearcd on the outlide with 

 greafe, as we'll to hinder the water from oozing through, as 

 to prevent its being evaporated by the aclion of the fun 

 upon the girba, which, in facl, happened to us twice, fo as 

 to put lis in imminent danger of perifliing with thirft." 



Glafs bottles are better for cyder than thole of flone« 

 Foul glafs bottles are cured by rolling fand or fmall Ihot in 

 them ; mufty bottles, by boiling them. 



Bottles are chiefly made" of thick coarfe glafs ; though 

 there are likewife botties of boiled leather made and fold by 

 the cafe-makers. 



Fine glafs bottles covered with draw or wicket, are called 

 J!a/ii, or belieh. 



The quality of the glafs has been fometimes found to 

 in the bottle. Mem. Acad. Scienc. 



Bottle, is alfo a meafure at Amfterdam, the fame with 

 the mingle. 



Bottle, blue, in Botany. See Centaurea Cyanus. 

 Bottle, nw/s. See Stlachnom. 

 BoiTLE, tvlitte. See Cucubalos Behen. 

 BoTTLE-Aivic/, a fpecies of whale. 



BoTTLE-wo/i', in Natural Hljlory, a name given by the 

 Englifli to various animals ; the cachalot is called the bottle- 

 nofe ; fo alfo any of the whale tribe diftinguifhed by the 

 gibbofuy of their fnout. In fome parts of England the 

 a:!as aralca of old writers is called the bottle-nofe. 



BOTTLING, or BoTTELiNG, the operation of putting 

 up liquors in bottles corked, to keep, ripen, and improve. 



The writers on rood hulbandry give divers rules concern- 

 ing the bottling of beer, cyder, and the like. The viitucs 

 of Spa, Pyrmont, Scarborough, and otiier waters, depend 

 on their being well bottled and corked, otherwife they 

 lofe both their tafte and fmell. To preferve thene, 

 it is ncceflary the bottles be filled up to the mouth, that all 

 the air may be excluded, whicii is the great enemy of bot- 

 tled liquors. The cork is alio farther fecured by a cement. 

 Some improve their bottled beer, by putting crytlals of 

 tartar and wine, or malt fpirits.; and others, by putting 

 fiigar boiled up with the elfence of fome herbs and cloves,' 

 into each bottle. 



Cyder requires fpecial precautions in the bottling ; being 

 more apt to fly, and burft the bottle, than other liquors, 

 The bell way to fecure them, is to have the liquor tho- 

 roughly fine before it be bottled. For v\'ant of this, fome 



leave 



