B O U 



^•as a psinter on glafs. lie afterwards (ludicd at Paris, under 

 an artill of no great note, and at the age of 1 8 years went 

 to Italy, where he very fucccfsfully imitated the ftylc ot dil- 

 ferent mailers, as Claude LorraMie, Andrea Sacchi, Corre- 

 gio, and Bamboccio. After ius return into h;s own coun- 

 try, he painted, at the age of ^7, his moil famous pidurc, 

 " The crucifixion of St. Peter, in the cliunl. of Notre 

 Dame at Paris." But being by religious prokllion a Cal- 

 vinift, he was interrupted in the cxcrcilc of his profcllion by 

 the civil wars ; and therefore, in 1^.52, he removed to Sv-e- 

 den, where queen Chrillina made him her full painter, lure 

 he had an opportunity of exhibiting a fingular d.lplay of his 

 dirintereftcdiicfs. Gullavus Adolphus, the father of Chnl- 

 tjna, had brought fomc piflures fioni the piUajrc of IVaguc, 

 wlHch had never been unpacked. Ciirillina employed Bour- 

 don to examine thefe ; and upon his making a favourab.e 

 report of them, cfpecially thofe of Corregio, the queen pre- 

 fented him with the whole colleaion. Bourdon declined 

 accepting them, and informed the queen, that they were 

 fomc of the finelt pieces in Europe, and that Ihe ought not to 

 part with them ; accordingly Chrillina, after her abdication, 

 look them with her to Rome, and made them the bans 

 of a coUeclion, which afterwards came into the poiLIlion ot 

 the regent duke of Orleans. 



After Chrillina's abdication. Bourdon returned to Trance, 

 and purfucd the cxercife of his profclTion with uncommon 

 afliduity ; conGning himfelf frequently to his garret, which 

 was his painting-room, for a month together. He pniated 

 in a great variety of ftyles, and fucctedcd in all ; hi'.toi y, 

 portrait, landfcape, paftoral, and grotefque. His chief 

 faults, fays Mr. Strutt, arc .want of force in the colouring, 

 though others afcribe to it great force and cfTett, and of cor- 

 rcflnefs in the outline ; but thefe were amply overbalanced 

 by the beauties of his compofition, the lively fertility of l-.is 

 imagination, the animation of histxprtfllons, and the variety 

 and gracefulnefs of his attitudes. His virgins in particular 

 are much elleemed ; and the heft of his pieces are thole that 

 are the lead fmilhed. Bourdon was one of the twelve per- 

 fons who, in 1648, commenced the ellablilliment of the 

 Royal Academy, of which he became diretlor. A violent 

 fever terminated his life in 1671, much to the regret of all 

 who highly lefpcCled his charafter as well as geniu.s. 

 Some of his daughters painted in miniature, and lome 

 of his fcholars became eminent. His principal works 

 are in the churches at Paris, in the gallery of the hotel 

 <le JVctonville, at Verfailles, Montpellier, and Touloufe. 

 His etchings, which are numerous, are executed in a bold,^ 

 ma'.lerly llyle ; and convey a clear idea of his manner ol 

 painting. The lights are broad, the draperies are formed 

 with great talle, and the folds well marked, though fome- 

 times too dark and hard upon the lights; the heads are very 

 exprefTive ; the back-grounds are finely ronceived, and exe- 

 cuted in a grand lljile. This mailer's etchings are held in 

 the highcll elhmatiop, of which fome of the principal from 

 his own compolitions are the following ; viz, the " Seven 

 afts of mercj ;" the " Fhght into Egypt," and the "Return 

 from thence ;" fevcral fubjefts of the " Virgin and child ;" 

 in one of which is feen a woman walhing linen, hence dil- 

 tin-Tuifhed by the name of the wadicr-woman ; the " Re- 

 turn of the ark," faid to be very fcarce ; the " Baptifm of 

 the eunuch ;" " Twelve large landfcapes," very fpirited and 

 tine prints. D'Argenville. Pilkington. Strutt. 



Boi;rI)ON, Ami;i-ot, a phyfician of Canibray, publiflied, 

 towards the end of the 17th century, " Nouvelles tables 

 anatomiques, ou font reprcfentccs toutes les parties du corps 

 humain," large folio, Paris, 167S. Some of the tables are 

 by the author ; more from Vcfahus. The plates reprefent- 



B O U 



Ine the nerves are from Willis. " Mouvelle defciiption ana- 

 tomique de toutes les parties du corps humain, ct de Icur 

 ufages," Paris, 167^ and 168.^!, iziro No ^xmonals of 

 the life of this writer arc known. Hall. Brb. Med. Eloy. 



Diii. Hid. , ^ _ . 



BOURDONNAY, in Geography, a town ot !■ ranee, in 

 the department of the Meurthe, and chief place of a canton, 

 in the dillridt of Chateau-Salins ; 4 leagues N. E. ofLune- 



Viile. , n 1 r r 



BOURDONKE', in Heraldry, is undcrltood ot a crofs, 

 whofe extiemities are turned round like the ends of a pil- 

 grim's iizir: more frequently e;i!ied/o?;;;,7f/f, ^/o3a/;.\r. 



BOURDONNEUR, or L'Oiskau Bourdonnant, in 

 Ornil/jo/ogv, the fame as O'l.hvix mouches and coliLriu among 

 French iiaLuialills. The '.iid-s are fo named, becanfe, when 

 flying, tl-.cy make a ftrmge kind of i-.oife with t!ic rapid 

 motion ol their wing«. the found of which Maicgra.e com- 

 pares to that of a fpi .r.ing-wheel. , .:. 



BOURDOUR,. G-curaj-hy, a. town ot Afiatic Tur- 

 kcv, ill the pre .' Caramaiiia ; .yS miles S. W. of 



Cogiii. ' , 



BOUREAlJ.iu lJ:ihyui'j<iy. T\\€ l^v.n^in I ri^la lyra, 

 is fo name.' i v the inhabitants in the neighbourhood of Ba- 

 yonne. . 



BOURETOl'TE, in GiOgrophy, a town of France, in 

 the departir.ent of the Lower Seine ; 8 leagues N. N. W. of 

 Rouer,. 



BOURG, a town of the iiland of Cayenne, in South 

 America. 



BoURO, or Bourgjn Bi\Jp, n city of France, and capital 

 of the department "of Ain, feated on the Reffouze, in a 

 country fomewhat marlhy, but fertile. The principal com- 

 merce eonfifts of corn, horfcs, cattle, and white leather. 

 The town contains 6984, and the canton I4,7.;9 inhabi- 

 tants ; the territory includes 2975 kiliometres, and 13 conT- 

 munef. Bourg is diftant 93 leagues S. E. from Paris. N. 

 lat. 46° 12' 31". E.long. 5" S'. 



Bourg, or Buiirg-fur-Giroude, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Gironde, and chief place of a canton, in 

 the dillricl of Blaye, feated on the Gironde ; 4 leagues N. 

 of Bourdeaux. It has a good harbour, about half a league 

 from the confluence of the Dordogne with the Garonne, and 

 carries on a conliderable trade in wine. The town contains 

 2704, and the canton 13,286 inhabitants ; the territory in- 

 cludes I32i kiliometres, and 19 communes. N. lat. 4j'' 4'. 

 W. long, o'' 4J'. 



Bourg, Le, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Lower Loire ; 7 leagues W. of Nantes. — Alio, a town of 

 France, in the department of the Charente, fituate ou the 

 foutl; fide of the Charente, oppofiie Janiac, and 5 miles E. 

 of Cognac. 



Bourg Siunt-Antleol, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Ardeche, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 diftrict of Privas, and 7 leagues S. S. E. of it. The town 

 contains ,3964, and the canton 9492 inhabitants ; the terri- 

 tory includes 2S2i kiliometres, and 9 communes. 



Yjov KG-ylrjentii/, a town of France, in tie department of 

 the Loire, and cliief place of a canton, in the dilbitl of St. 

 Etienne, and 4 leagues S. E. from it. The town contains 

 IgC8, and the canton 6034 inhabitants ; and the territory 

 includes 150 kiliometres, and 9 communes. 



Bourg d'^lult, a town of France, on the fea-coaft, in 

 the department of the Somme ; 1 league N. of Eure. 



Bourg des Con:tes,z. town of France, in the department 

 of the Ille and Vilainc, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 diilridl of Redon ; 3^ leagues S. of Rennes. 



Bourg Disii, a town of France, in the department of 



the 



