BOW 



poffiUe tliat a bow wl.ich meets with a little more renftance 

 niav render the (hip capable of carrying a proportionable 

 quantity of more fail, although the two bows, which may be 

 diftinguiftied by naming the one that of the lead n.rillance, 

 and tlie other that of the greatcll ^elocity, fliould have fuch 

 ail aflinity to one another, that one llioiild, in a great mea- 

 fure, partake of the moll elTcntial properties of the other. 

 M. lioiiguer alfo obfervcs, that a bow which meets with the 

 lead refinance in adirtd courfe, not only meets with the lead 

 refidancc in oblique conrfes, but the vedcl has alfo the addi- 

 tional property of driving the lead to leeward; which is a 

 double advantage gained, by forming the bow foasto give it 

 that figure which will be the lead oppofcd in moving through 

 any medium. 



Bow, B'll^l, a full high bow. 



Bow, I.r.in, a (liarp bow, liaving little bearing or fupport, 

 fo that, in a rough fca, a vclfel witli a bow of this kind is apt 

 to pitch greatly, which retards her rate, and alfo to fliip 

 much water. 



Dow, Starboard, that part upon the right-hand fide of the 

 ftera, to a perfon on deck looking forward ; and that part 

 upon the left-hand fide is called the htrlwiiyd bo<-ji. 



Bow, IVettlhcr, is that part of the bow towards the wind 

 when a (hip is clofc -hauled ; and the otlicr part is called the 

 lee boxu. 



Bow, On the, an expreffion ufed to denote the pnfition of 

 any objeS, as a (hip, liie land, &c. appearing in the direftion 

 of fome particular part of the bow. If the fliip is failing 

 direclly towards tlie objeft, it is faid to be ri^lit a-head; if 

 not, the objed is faid to be on the Jlarboard, or on the lar- 

 board boiu ; or it is faid to be on the weather, or on the 

 lee bow. If the objcft is in the direftion of any particular 

 . part of the vefTel, with rc{pe& to the obftrver, as the cat- 

 head. Sec. it is then faid to be right over the cat-head. 



The pofition of an ohjca, with refpeft to the courfe of 

 the ftiip, may be cdimated by the intercepted portion of the 

 horizon between, them ; and in this cafe it may be exprcfled 

 cither in points of thecompafs, or in degrees, but the former 

 is mod commonly ufed. Hence, if fiom a (hip runninsr 

 N. by W. with her darboard tacks aboard, a light or fail 

 was obfcrved to bear N.W. by N. it would be faid to bear 

 two points u'pon the lee bow. 



When the angle, contained between the objeft and the 

 (liip's courfe, is greater than four points, it is ufiialto expvefs 

 the bearing from tiie beam ; thus, in place of faying that an 

 cbjefl bears fix points on the larboard bow, it is expreffed to 

 bear two points before the beam. 



Bow-bearer, an under officer of the fored, who is to obferve 

 and take notice of all manner of trefpafs againd vert or ve- 

 nifon ; and to attach, or caufe to be attached, the offenders 

 in the next court of attachment. 



Jjow-iomjiafs. See Compass. 



Bow-</vir, a new kind of fcarlet-red, fuperior to madder, 

 but inferior to the true fcarletgrain, tor fixednefs and dura- 

 tion. It was brought into England, and fird pratlifed at the 

 village of Bow, near I^ondon, by Kcphler, a Fleming, in the 

 year 1643 ; whence its name. 



In the year [''.67, another Fleming, named Brewer, invited 

 to England by Charles 1 1, with the promife of a large falary, 

 brought this art to great perfection. Thefe accounts, how- 

 ever, and the names of the perfons, are extremely dubious. 

 Anderfon's Commerce, vol. ii. p. 77. Btckmaun's Hill. 

 Invent, vol. ii. p. 206. 



/Bo\y-!egged, in Siirj^ery. See Bandy-Zc^/. 

 "Row-net, or -wheel, an engine for catching fifli, chiefly 

 iublters and craw-&(h^ made of two roiuid wickcr-balkets, 



BOW 



pointed at the end, one of which is thruft into the other ; 

 at the month is a little rim, four or five inches broad, 

 fomewhat bent inwards. It is aUb ufed for catching fpar- 

 rows. 



Bow, rain. See Rain-^ow. 



Bows of a faddlc, are two pieces of wood laid archwife, 

 to receive the upper part of a horfe's back, to give the faddle 

 its due form, and to keep it tight. 



The fore -bow, wliich fnUains the pommel, is compof^d of 

 the withers, the breads, the points, or toes, and the 

 corking. 



The hind-bow bears the troufTequin, or quilted roll. 

 The bows are covered with finews, that is, with bulls piz- 

 zles beaten and fo run all over the bows, to make them 

 dronger. They are hkewife drengthened with bands of iron, 

 to keep them tight. It is on the lower fide of the bows 

 that the faddle-draps are nailed; the ufe of which is to make 

 fad the girths. 



Bow piece, a gun, or piece of ordnance placed in the 

 bow. 



Bow-j;raee, or Bonn-grafe, a frame or compofition of old 

 ropes, or jnnks of cables, ufed to be laid out at the bows, 

 dems, and fides of fiiips, to preferve them from bodies or 

 fields of ice, when in high latitudes where tlicfe are ex- 

 pcfted. 



V>ow-J!aves. See Garbling of bozv-Jlaves. 

 Bow-faio. See Saw. 



I'OWDOIN, in Geography, a townfliip of America, irj 

 Lincoln county, and diftrict of Maine, on the north-eadern 

 bank of Androfcngcrin river : didant from York, north- 

 eaderly, 36 miles, and froin the month of Kennebeck river 6 

 miles, and 16G N.E. from Bodon. It contains gS-j in- 

 habitants. 



BOWDOINHAM, a towndiip of Lincoln county, 

 and didrift of Maine, feparated from Pownalborongh eall, 

 and Woolwich fouth-ead, by Kennebeck river. It lies 17 1 

 miles N.E. from Bodon, and contains j^^^ inhabitants. 



BOWED, in Brjtan\, {arcuatus), bent like a bow ; a term 

 exprtffing the direftion of filaments, and the figure of a le- 

 gume. It is employed alfo by Gxrtner, to denote that figure 

 of the cotyledons which is found in fome of the leguminofx 

 and filiquofre, in canella, myrtus, cydus, fcorpiurus, &c. and 

 that figure of the em.brio which occurs in allium, mora;a, 

 afparagus, S;c. 



BOWEL-Galled, in Farriery, denotes a laceration oc- 

 cafioned by the tightnefs and heat, or friftion, of th« 

 girths, jud behind the elbows of the fore -legs, and is foon 

 hardened and obliterated by two or three applications of 3 

 foft fpmige, impregnated with common vinegar. 



BOWELLING, exentcratio, the aft of pulling out the 

 entrails of an animal. Bowelling makes part of the progrefs 

 of embalming. 



BowF.i,LiNO is alfo a part of the punifiiment of traitors in 

 England, who are to have their bowels ripped open, torn forth, 

 and burnt before them. FrnRioni, fufpendio, decollatioiii, <■.■«- 

 entcraliotii, £5° quaterixaliotii adjudicai'it. Knyght fub. 



Edw. II. in the fentence of Hugh Spencer. 



BOWER, Archibald, in Biography, a native of Scot- 

 land, was born at or near Dundee in 1606, educated in the 

 Scots college at Douay, and admitted, in 1706, into the 

 fociety of Jcfuits at Rome. After fome varieties of fitua- 

 tion and employment, during the fucceeding interval, he at 

 length, viz. in 172J, fettled at Macerata, where, according 

 to his own account, he performed the office of counfellor to 

 the Inquifition : conceiving difguft, as he dates the fadl, at 

 the enorraities committed by this tribunal, or, as his enemies 

 8 alTertj 



