BRA 



BRA 



El)-. Upon the decay of itiis ftnirturc, tliat piclatt- gvaiittd 

 40 days' paiJou to iiU pcrloiis wlio toiitiibiiti-d towards tlie 

 repairs, and to tlie litniiit, a paiiUm for tluce years. 1 his 

 town gives tiie ink of duke of Ikaudon to Archibald Hamil- 

 ton, which title was full c.iiifi.ned by queen Anne in 1711. 

 Simon Eyre, lord mayor of London, who Iniill I.cadeii- 

 hall, was a native of this town. Here are a weekly market 

 on Thurfdays, and four i'aira annuidiy 



it has been abT'idgcd in French, ni 3 vols. 8vo. 1730. 

 Urandt alfo wrote " A Hillory of the Town of Enkliuy- 

 feii ;" " Life and Exploits of Admiral Riiytcr;" "Ac- 

 count of the Proceedings againll 15araevel(h, Hoogcrbeets 

 andGrotius;" " Poems," &c. He dial in 1685. Mo- 

 reri. 



Brandt, Nicholas, or, as fome call him, Selsjiati, a 

 German chemill, much addifted to the fanciful relearches 



In the v.c'inity of Brandon, are fome very extenfive rabbit of the period in which he lived, was born in 145b, and died 

 warrens, which uipply the London markets with vaft num- in May, 1521. Leibnit/., m the MelaBg^s de Berlin for 1710, 

 bers of this animal cited by Chaptal, in his «' Elements ot Chcmittry," vol. 111. 



Brandon is 78 miles N. of London, and contains 203 

 houfes, with 1 148 inhabitants. Gough's Edition of Cam- 

 den's Britannia, vol. ii. 



BRASDON,atownniip of America,in Rutland county, Ver- 

 unont, iituate on both fides of Otter Creek, containing O3 7 

 inhabitants ; about 60 miles N. of Bennington. Here Bran- 

 don Creek dilchargcs itfclf into Otter Creek, from the 

 North Eall, 



Brandon, a harbour on the N. fide of Long Ifland, 



p. 350, mentions Brandt as a chemilt of Hamburg, who, 

 duiing .\ courfe of experiments upon urine, with a view of 

 extrattii'iC a fluid proper for converting iilver into gold, di(. 

 covered pliofijhorns in 1667, or, as others fay, in 1669. He 

 communicated his difcovcry to Kraft, who imparted it to 

 Leibnitz, and, as it is pretended, to Boyle. (See Boyle.) 

 Leibnitz, fays Chaptal, introduced Brandt to the duke of 

 Hanover, before whom he performed the whole operation ; 

 and a fpecimen of it was fcnt to Huygens, who fiiewed it to 



New York, V mil" W. of Smithtown, and at the lame the Academy of Sciences at Paris. It is faid, that Kuncktl 



dillance from Hampllead plain. had aflociated iiimfelf with Kraft to purchale the proctfs 



Brasdon, St. the name of an iflet or rock lying in the from Brandt ; but Kunckel having been deceived by Kraft, 



Indian ocean, to the N.E. of the iflands Bouibon and Mau- who kept the fecret to himfelf, knowing that urine was made 



ritnis. S. lat. l('° 45'. E. Ion?. 64° 4S'. life of, fet to work, and difcovered a proccis foi making the 



Brandon, a mountain in the county of Kilkenny, Ire- fubftance ; and hence it has been called Kunckel's phof- 



land, below which the river Barrow flows ; it is the laft of phorus. See Phosphorus. 

 the granite chain which takes its rife in the county of BRANDY. This valuable fpirit is produced by the 



Wicklow, and though its elevation is rot confideiable, it 

 commands a very extenfive profpeft. — Alfo, a very high 

 mountain in the county of Kerry, Ireland, which is (een at 

 the dillance of 15 leagues, and is an important land-mark 

 for mariners. Its fnmmit is generally covered with clouds 



diftillation of wines of ^11 kinds, and, properly fpeaking, by 

 no other fermented liquor, though, as we have explained 

 fully, under the article Alcohol, the purely Ipiriiuous 

 part of all fermented vinous liquors, procured by diftilla- 

 tion, is eflentially the fame, and, therefore, an infinite va- 



and it is tlleemed a certain token of tine weather when its liety of imitations of the intermediate produfts of dillilla- 



tion may be produced by adding flavouring and colouring 

 matters to any kind of pure fpirit. 



Brandy is prepared in many of the wine countries of Eu- 

 rope, and, with particular excellence, in Languedoc, in 

 Anjou, whence the well-known Cogniac brandy, and oilier 



top IS vifible. It received its name from St. Brandon, who 

 had an oratei7, or chapel, near its fummit. 



Brandon Bay, a bay on the wellern coail of Ireland, near 

 Tralce bay, in the county of Kerry. On the well it has 

 Brandon mountain, and, on the eaft, a flat low land called 



Maghericbeg, ofl' wliieh is a clulUr of fmall iflands. This parts of the fouth of Fiance. 

 bay is open to the north, and has neither lafc anchorage nor The general mode of preparing it is extremely fimple, 

 tolerable flicker. Smith's Kerry. being nothing more than a well-regulated dillillation of wine 



Brandon Heaif, a cape of Ireland, forming the wellern from fuitable velTels. This maiuifaflory is technically 

 extremity of Brandon bay, and projedling from the lofty termed, in France, Biuhne, and the makers, Bruleurt 

 Brandon mountain. It is about 15 miles well of Tralee, d^euu de vif. 



N. lat.jz' 



17'. W. long. 10° i'. 



and 10 north of Dingle. 

 Beaufort. 



BRANDRITH denotes a trevet, or other iron (land, 

 whereon to fet a vcflcl over the fire. 



Brandrith, among Builders, denotes a fence, or rail, 

 about the mouth of a well. 



Though every wine will give a certain portion of brandy, 

 by dillillation, it is not every kind that can be ufed with 

 advantage. In general, the ilrong heavy wines are to be 

 preferred. Thofe that do not yield a lixth of their quantity 

 of fpirit, are not worth the expence of working. 



The apparatus is compofed of three parts, the ahmh'ic, or 



BRANDT, Gerard, in Biography, an eminent hiftorian, boiler, the capital fitted on the top of the boiler to receive 



was born at Amilerdam, in 1626, and, after a courfe of pre- the fpirituous vapour, and the ferpentine, or worm, a con- 



paratory Ihidy, commenced his minillry with a congregation voluted pipe fitting to the beak of the alembic, and im- 



of remonllrants at Nieukoop. Having married a daughter of merfed in water, in which the vapour is condenfcd, and 



the celebrated Gafpard BarlsEus, he removed firll to Hoorn, flows out at the bottom, in the form of diftilted fpirit. 



and finally to Amilerdam in 1667. His principal works are. The altmbic is a cylindrical copper boi'.'r about 30 inches 



«< A fliort account of the Rfformation in the Low Countries, ( French) high, and 24 in diameter, flattened at the bot- 



and the War with Spain," 165S : " Hillory of the Refor- torn to prtfent a greater furface to the fuel, and drawn out 



into 



