D R A 



cmtiMcinj i1ic Scm, fpatulatf, waved, tl.t npocr out* ear- 

 A\ie, entire." Root pcromiuil. Sifm a foot hi,;h, fmootli, 

 braiiclitd, zigZH?;, pcrrniv,<l near the roiit. I.cavrs Imooth, 

 very obtute, a liaU flclhv. Ca/yx doK-, ftnootli, often a 

 little colo'.ired. Vlowfis fprfAdiii'^, cm.irciiiate, violet, w-ith 

 purple veins. South ot Kiiropc in coniriclds. 5. D. a/pina. 

 " Stciii leaves luart-aTOW-lhaped. einhmcing the Hem ; ra- 

 dical leaves ovate ; pet.ils erea." M». M«iit. /JOT'pevsn- 

 liiali /Irm ab"Ut two feet hlRh, ndl liranched, with lew 

 leaves'; /nivr havn p-.ti.'leil. entire ; jhtuers Imali, while. 

 Switzevlaml, G-rma'.iy, Daiiphmy, and Sp.Tii. 



• " S^iiiqui's -U'l/fj a rylindric, rather ■lUuf? Jlyh. 

 f,. IV .V(j/«j. Rape or Navew. Linn. " Root taniefeent, 

 fpihdle-fliapcd ; leaves fn-.ooth, upper ones cordate-lanceolate, 

 f mbra.nu^ the ftem, lower ones lyrate, toothed." Smith. 

 Tint biennial, calvx fpreading, a'licd to finapis. Fif^\rs 

 yvWow X filiqufs fiiiallv fpreading, lorulofe. Corti fields ; 

 and ditch banks in Enijland and othci- parts ot Europe. 

 •■. B. Rnpa. 'I'lirnip. Li'in. '.' Koot caulefctnt, orbicular, 

 deprcfied. flefhy ; radical leaves lyrate, roH^h ; Ikm leaves 

 vcrv entire, fmooth." Smith. Root biennial ; jhm eied. 

 branched, round, fmooth. Root havet unequally tootlicJ, 

 deep <;reen : tlcin leaves cordate-lanceolate, embracing the 

 llem," little glaucous : /ow:frj yellow ;y/%Hff cyhndrical. 

 l.a Marck makes the Napus and Rapaone fpccies under the 

 trivial name afpeiifolia, and alleges that the Linnaean 

 fpeciSc charaftcr? drawn from the root afford no real dif- 

 tinftion. Ditch banks in F.ngland &c. ><. C. okrn.-ea. 

 Linn. Cabbage. " Root caulelccnt, round, ficlhy ; all the 

 leaves fmooth, glaucous, waved or lobed." Smith. Root 

 biennial, from a fpan to a foot long, fcarred. Flowers 

 large, lemon-coloured. Siliqiies torulofe. 9. B. richeri. 

 Villars. Allioni. " Leaves petioled, oblong, a little 

 toothed; root caulefctnt." Wilid. /?«>o/ perennial ; /t-m 

 leavis very entire. Mountains of Daiiphiny and Pied- 

 mont, to. B. cretka. WiUd. " Stem fhrnbby ; leaves round- 

 jlh, crenatc, petioled, fmooth." La Marck. Root -fftxin- 

 nial. Stem abnut a foot high and an inch thick. Leanyes 

 glaucous, a little flelhy, from three to four inches long, and 

 from two to three broad. P^'/.j/« channelled, from one to 

 two inchts long. Difcovered by Tournefort in Crete and 

 the iflands of^he Archipelago. II. "Q . fiiffruticofa. Willden. 

 " Stem fomewhat Ihrubby ; leaves glaucous, a little flefhy, 

 vcrv entire, ovatc-oblong, attenuated at the bafe." Root 

 perennial ; ferns branchedj ereit, fmooth, round, a foot high. 

 Leave- fmooth, petioled, obtufe. F/(-wcr violet, reticularly 

 \c\r\t& ; fiUques flender, erett, fmooth, round, allied to B. 

 arvenf.s, but differs in llie Ihrubby (lem, and petioled leaves, 

 attenuated at the bafe. On arid mountains in the north of 

 Africa. 12. B. chinenfis, Linn. Amaen. " Leaves oval, 

 nearlv entire, floral ones embracing the ftem, lanceolate ; 

 calvx longer than the claws of the petals." Root biennial ; 

 lower leaves large rcfembling thafe of cynoglolTum, but 

 fmooth. Flowers yellow. Siliques a little flattened. China. 

 1 1. Vi. iHoIiicea. lAwn. " Leaves lanceolate-ovate, fmooth, 

 undivided, toothed." Root biennial. Laves tough, not 

 efculent. China. 14. B. fuhhqlhila. WiUd. " Radical 

 leaves fmooth, runtinate ; ilem leaves lanceo'ate, ver^- en- 

 tire, fomewhat hailate." Root annual -jjiem ereCl, branched. 

 Racemes with few flowers ; Jlowers yellow ; filsques (lender, 

 round, ereft. Iflands of the Archipelago. 15. B. poly- 

 morpkit, Murray. " Lower leaves linear lanceolate, pinnati- 

 fid-toothed; upper awl-(liaped, entire." Willden. /iIm^ peren- 

 nial. 1 6.B. terel'ifolia. WiUdcn. "Leaves flelhy, round, fmooth, 

 piffiiate; pinnules dilHnd." 7?to/ long, branched, crooked ; 

 fern fmooth, branched, a foot high ; leaves glaucous, fmooth ; 

 foft pinnules unequal, i-lotuert in rjiccmes pctlicelled. Calyx 



BRA 



coloured ; leates clofe, li.iear. Carol large, violet ; lamina 



obovate, entire ; filiiues flender, fmooth, two inches long. 



nVany-feedcd. ^^oili faiidy groinid in the north of Africa, 



* Enicit. Siliques with a fworJfiapeJJlyle. 



17. B. 7b«'-n</'>r///, La Marck. " Ltavts runcinate, hif- 

 pid ; ftem hifpid ; filiques torulofe, fmooth, fpreading, 

 with a veiy long beak." Gouan. Root annual, fmall, 

 fibrous. Stem flender, generally Ample, almoft nnkeil near 

 the top. Leaves oblong ; upper ones almoft. linear. Flowers 

 fmall, pale yellow, in racemes. Siliques pedunclcd. Cul- 

 tivated in the royal garden at Paris, and luppoftd to come 

 from Spain. iS. II. Fru.-q/irum, Linn. " Leaves runcinate- 

 pinnate ; llem hifpid at the bafe ; flowers without vciii.s." 

 La Marck. Root annual, fpindle-ihaped. Stems feveral, about 

 a foot and half high, a little branched, (lightly ibiatcd. Root- 

 leaves proltnite on the ground. Stea-leav^s alternate, one to 

 eachbranch,alittledecurrent,glauco'JS, often with a few hairs; 

 petioles furrowed above. Flowers in a loofe, terminating ra- 

 ceme. I'iduiicles alternate, one-flowered. Corollas yellow. Sili- 

 ques fprtading, obtufely quadrangular. Barren places and 

 waits in the fouth of Europe. 19. B. Eruca, Linn. " Leaves 

 Urate ; fteni hairy ; flowers pale, v,-ith coloured veins." La 

 ^Iarck. Root annual. Stem two feet high, angular, branched. 

 Leahies green, petioled. Calyx erect ; claws of the petals 

 erect, long ; laminx broad, roundilh. Siliques on ihort 

 peduncles, prtlTed to the (lem. South of Europe. 20. B. 

 piimatijlda, Willden. " Leaves pinr.atilid, fegments ferrate, 

 iiliques cufpidate, four-fided." Stem a foot and a half high, 

 fmooth, fometimes hifpid at the bafe. Flowers pale yellow, 

 nerved. Siliques fmooth, acuminate. North of Afric?. 

 2 I. B. elo!i^ata,W\]\.dtn. " Leaves petioled, the lower fmuatr, 

 pinnatifid, hifpid, the upper (mooth, toothed ; filiqu. s 

 torulofe, four-fided, cufpidate." Root biennial. Atmfmocth. 

 Racemes very long, loole. Siliques little longer than the 

 peduncle; valves half as long as the di(repinient. \Valdlleir. 

 BaiTen land in Hungary. 22. B. Cbeiranthus, Willden. 

 " Leaves petioled, pinnatilid, dentate, hifpid ; filiques toru- 

 lofe, with a flat beak." Root biennial ; filique one-feeded. 

 Dauphiny and Piedmont. 2^. B. "l-£/7i:(;;-m, Linn. "Leaves 

 runcinate, filiques hifpid, covered with a fwelling caljx." 

 Root annual, fpindle-fliaped. Stem hairy, branching. Leaves 

 lanceolate, toothed, fmooth above. Racemes erect, terminat- 

 ing. Flowers yellow, with darker veins. Calyx at firll 

 cylindrical, afterwards inflated. Siliques fhort, oval, or 

 elliptic, hifpid backwards. zx.'Q. lyrata, Willden. "Leaves 

 hifpid, the root ones lyrate, llem ones toothed ; filiques ob- 

 long, comprefTed." Stems half a foot high, fimple or branch- 

 ing, feveral rifing from the root, with few leaves. Stem-leaves 

 fmall, oblong, petioled. Flowers violet, veined. Siliques 

 fliort, hifpid. Sandy deferts in the north of Africa. 25. B. 

 crajjifolm, Willden. " Leaves pinatifid, fegments linear." 

 Vahl. In Egypt, about the pyramids ; found by Forfl<aI. 



The (irft five Ipecies are cultivated merely for curiofity. 

 They (hould be fown early in the fpring, on a bed of light 

 earth, and when they are fuHieieutly grown, thinned, but 

 not tranfplanted. They will flower in June, ripen their 

 feeds in Auguft, and afterwards fow themfelvts, requiring 

 no farther care except weeding. Thole fptcics that are cul- 

 tivated in the garden or field, for the ufe of the kitchen or 

 cattle, or for other purpofcs, are the B. Napus or Navew, 

 under the name of colefeed or rape, (fee Coleseed;) a 

 variety of the B. rapa, or Turnip, (which fee;) the cabbage ; 

 the cauliflower ; and broccoli ; the turnip cabbage and tur- 

 nip-rooted cabbage. AVe may here obferve that the cal - 

 bage has been reclaimed from its wild (late, and cultivat.d 

 as a valuable efculent vegetable, from the remotelt anti- 

 quity. It was Weil known to Theophraftus, and is men- 

 tioned 



