f 



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The tanltard lumip is large, oblong, and cylindri- 

 cal, of quick growth, the root pcnerally (landing above 

 crour.J. It IS a good field turnip, but not proper for the 

 garden. 



The large Norfolk turnip is large and round, but modly 

 cultivati-d in licldii. 



The hardy Ruffian turnip is middle fized, dark co- 

 loured, very hardy, and continues long in fpring without 

 mmnng. U i» proper forfowiiig as a moderate garden crop 

 fdr winter and fiTinc^. 



■ The long rooted French turnip is long, fmall, and 

 fpindly rooted, but of little merit. The purple turnip 

 \i roundilh, fmall, early, and purple coloured, but giown 

 molllv for curiolity. lu general ufe the early Dutch 

 turnip is the bcfl.' for tlie early and firll general fum- 

 mer crops, as it generally arrives to perfection a fortnight, 

 at leail, foouer than moil of the other fi)rt3 ; and, by an early 

 fowin^ in fpring, may be obtamcd by the beginning of May. 

 Next to this is the early ilonc tuniip for an early and firtl 

 general fummer crop, and the common round white turnip 

 to low for a main fummer crop, all of which may be con- 

 timitd lu perfedion the whole fummer and autumn, by pcr- 

 formint', three or four different fowiiig.'S from March until 

 Julv, fo as to have crops regularly fucceeding one another. 

 For the autumn and winter crops the white round, the 

 reen topped, and the red topped kinds, are the hardicll. 

 rom their magnitude they are to be preferred to all others 

 for field culture. 



Tiiefe roots may be obtained for ufe eight or ten months 

 ID the year, as from about the middle of May till the begin- 

 ning or middle of March ; after which time they begin to 

 (lioot into llalk for feed. 



The method of propagation in all thefe forts, isby rowing 

 the feed in fituations where the plants are to remain, as they 

 do not admit of being tranfplanted with fiiccefs. The 

 common feafon for lowing is any time from the beginning 

 of March, until the latter end of July ; but to have a long 

 and regular fucceffion, it is neceffary to make four or five 

 different fowings at proper intervals, from the latter end of 

 February till the middle of Augull. The moft proper foils 

 for the culture of this root are'thofe of the more light and 

 mellow kinds ; as on ftrong land the roots frequently ac- 

 quire a llringy texture, and rankntfs of talle. In garden 

 culture, the neceffary fpace of ground to fow at a time, for 

 the fupply of a family, is from about two to fix, eight or 

 ten rods, according to circumilances ; the proper quantity 

 of feed for each fowiiig may be from one to two or three 

 ounces ; but for large field crops, the common allowance is 

 about two pounds to an acre. Tlie ground fhould be 

 prepared for tlie feed by digging it well over, uiie fpade deep, 

 and breaking it as fine as pofGble on the furface, the feed 

 being fown while the ground is frefli llirrcd, cfpecially when 

 there is hot or dry weather. A moid feafon for fowing is 

 of great importance. In this culture the feed is molUy 

 fown broad call, fcatterlng it moderately thin, with a regii- 

 lar cart, and evenly fpreading hand, afterwards raking it 

 evenly in. It is of much advantage, when the weather is 

 hot, to fteep the feed a few hours in water before it is fown, 

 ab by that means it germinates more quickly, and there is Itfs 

 danger of the plants being dcllroyed by the fly. See Fly 

 and Turnip. 



In the after-culture of the turnip, all that is requifite is, 

 when the plants have two or three leaves, or are about a 

 month old, to thin them out to fix, eight, ten or twelve 

 inches dillancc, and clear them from weeds, which is moll 

 effe&ually done by the hoe, and is bell performed in dry 

 weather. At the fame time the weeds (liould be removed, 



BRA 



and the furface earth well ftirred, as this will prove highly 

 beneficial to the growth of the crops. The very earlielt 

 crops need not be thinned to more than five or fix inches 

 dillance, cfpecially if it is intended to begin drawing the 

 roots as foou as they begin to turnip. In three or four 

 weeks after hoeing, the plants will modly begin to turnip ; 

 and in five or fix weeks fome may be fit to draw for ufe. 

 In the markets thefe roots are expofed clean waflied, and 

 neatly bunched up, in number from twelve to fifteen or 

 eighteen, according to their fize in each bunch, and difpofed 

 of to the retailers by the do/en of bunches. 



The field culture of thefe plants, and their different ap- 

 plications in the feeding and fupporting different forts of 

 live dock, will be given hereafter. See Turnip. 



Stiviiig feed. To obtain good feed, fome of the bed roots 

 of the autumn and winter crops mud be left to run up to 

 ffems, which modly produce ripe feed about Jidy, or the 

 following month. It lliould be coUedled and managed in 

 the fame manner as in the cabbage forts. And in order to 

 obtain feed of the different varieties as peifcCl as pofTible, 

 the plants of fnch varieties fliould be at confiderable dif- 

 tances from each other. 



Br.'\ssic.\ Brnjfiliana, C. Bauh. Pinax. See Arcm ej' 

 ciili-nliim. 



Brassica Miir'nia, J. Bauh. &c. See Convolvulus 

 SoJilnnsUa. 



Brassica Maril'tnm, C. Bauh. Pin. See Crambf. 

 manllma. 



Brassica Monenfis, "Hu^^oxx and Withering. See Si« 

 SVMBRIUM monenfe. 



Brassica Mural'is, Hudfon and Withering. See Si« 

 s Y M B R 1 u M teniiifollum . 



Brassica Sjjino/a, C. Bauh. Pin. See Bunias ^i- 

 tia/ti. 



Brassica Syhejlris, Boccone. See Arasis Turrita. 

 C. Bauh. Pinax. SeeTuRRiTis Glabra. 



BRASSICA, in Entomology, a fpecies of Chrysomela, 

 that inhabits Germany. The prevailing colour is deep 

 black; wing-cefes pale, teftaceous with all the margin, and 

 a band in the middle black. Fabricius, &c. 



Brassica, a fpeciesof Staphywnus, of a ferruginous 

 colour; head and body black; wing-cafes punftated ; an- 

 tennx very thick and hairy. Scopoli. Found on the cab- 

 bage in Europe. 



BrassiCj^, a fpecies of Phal/ena {noflua), the wings of 

 which are clouded with cinereous; a black hook connected 

 with the firll fpot. Linn. Fabr. &c. 



Brassic.'e, thefpecies of Aphis, that iiifefts the common 

 cabbage. Linn. Fabr. 



Obi". It is Pedicuh.ts Irajlc^r of Frifch. 



BRASSICARIA, a South American fpecies of Phal- 

 .SNA, of the noBtia ftftion ; the wings of which are indent- 

 ed, variegated, and marked with a common gold tedaceous 

 fpot ; pollerior wings white. 



Brassicaria, an infe£l of the genus Musca, the colour 

 of which is black : abdomen cylindrical ; fecond and third 

 fegment rufous. Fabr. 



This is MtiJ'ca cyliiiilrica of Dcgcer. A variety of this 

 fpecies is mentioned by Fabricius, which has the abdomen 

 ferruginous, with a black dorfal line at the bafe. Donov. 

 Brit. Inf. ."^'C. 



BRASSIDEUC A-rt, a term ufed by Paiacelfiis, to 

 denote a method of curing wounds by the application of the 

 herb brajfulella, or ophiogloffum, on tlie frelh wound. 



BRASSIOLIS, in Entomology, a fpecies of Papilio 

 {Hc'licon'nts), that inhabits Surinam. The wings are fufcous ; 

 anterior ones fpotted with yellow ; poderior pair radiated 



beneath 



