BRA 



BRA 



beneath witli fanguiiieous. Fabr. PapUio lillona of Cra- 

 mer. Inhabits Surinam. 



BRATENBRUNN, SzELrs-KttT, in Geography, a 

 walled and vvell-inhabitcd town of Hungary, in the circle 

 below the Danube, and dillriift of Odtnbuig, under the ju- 

 rifdiftion of the Eilerhafy family. 



BRATHYS, in Botany [lijoS-j:, or $pSj'-:, the name of a 

 plant in Diofcorides), a genus inftituted by Linnanis the fon 

 for a plant found by Mutis in New Granada, and taken up 

 from iiim by Schrt-bcr (9^7), JnfTieu (2';4), and Mr. Mar- 

 tyn, but referred by Dr. Smitii (Plant, icon. 41.) to the ge- 

 nus hypericum, in which he has been followed by La iVIarck, 

 Bofc, and Wildenow. SeeHvpERicUM Brculjys. 



BR ATSKOl, in Ceograpliy, a town of Siberia, in the 

 province of Irkutllc, and the circle of Ilimlk, on the river 

 Anf^nra; 140 miles N.E. of Nilhnie-Udinlk. 



BR.\'rSKOW, or Bakow, a town of European Tur- 

 key, in Walachia, fitiiate in a fertile and pleafant country, 

 and the rtfidence of a Roman catholic bidiup. 



BRATTELEN, a plain of Swifferland, near Bade, 

 where, in the year 1444, '5°° Swifs witliftood the whole 

 army of France, confilting of jo,ooo, till they were all cut 

 to pieces, except 16 who cfcaped, and 30 who were found 

 alive on the field of battle. See Basle. 



BRATTLEBOROUGH, a confiderable townniip.and 

 poll town of Amcrien, in Windham county, Vermont ; 

 having 1589 inhabitants, feated on the well bank of Con- 

 iieiflicnt rivtr, about 28 miles E. of Bennington, (n N. of 

 Soringfitld in MalTaehufttts, and 311 from rhiladclphia. 

 N. lat. 42° 52'. 



BRAVA, one of the Cape de Verde iflands, on the coail 

 of Africa, the land of which is high and mountainous, pro- 

 ducing, hmvever, oranges and kmons in great abundance, 

 and furnilhing excellent wine. The inhabitants are fome- 

 what more than 500, and they cultivate maize, gourds, figs, 

 water-melons, and potatoes ; they alfo breed liorics, cows, 

 ailes, goats, and hogs. This illand yields a confiderable 

 quantity of faltpetre, and t!ie mountains are fuppofed to be 

 rich in metallic ore, efpecially copper, as thure are fevtral 

 vitriolic fprings. The coaft abounds with fiili. The cir- 

 cuit of the ifland is about 4 leagues ; and it is about the 

 fame ditlance W.S.W. from Fuego. We learn from fir 

 George Staunton's account (Einbafly to China, vol. i. 

 p. I,;6.), that this ifland'is a better and fafer place for fliips 

 to be fupplied with water and provifions than the ifland of 

 ■■"'t. J.igo, as it has three harbours, one tailed Puerto Fnrno 

 on the eail: fide, from wliieli vefi'els mull warp, or be towed 

 o\!t by boats 5 the P\:£rto F;;jtndago to the well; and the 

 Pii'.Tlo Ftrreo to the (o".th, which is the bell for large ihips, 

 and into which runs a fmal! river. N. lat. 14" J4'. AV. 

 long. 24° 4-/_. 



Bk AVA, a iea-port town of Africa, on the coaft of Zangue- 

 b*-,htingtheeapitalof a imali republic or arlilocracy, founded 

 within the kingdom of Magadoxo, and at its fouthcru liir.it, 

 hy feven Arabian brethren, wlio fled hither from the tyianny 

 of t^'cir king Xacah, ore of the petty monarchs of Ar.bia 

 I'eliN. Here they found a convenient and delightful fixa- 

 tion, bonnJed on each fide bv a river, whence ionie iiave 

 aillrmed it to be an ifl.ii'.d. This dillricl docs not extjnd 

 far fro'.li the coaft, as it eh efly depends on the commerce of 

 the capital, which is fitnated on a bay, forniedby themoulli of 

 th/ nortliern branch of the river, about the dillance of fome- 

 what iefs than one degree fro:v. the equator. Brava, whicii 

 j-i now a Imali town, was once large tmd populous, and car- 

 rird on a- confiderable trade in gold, filver, filk, cotton, and 

 other cloths, elephants' teeth, gums, and otlicr drugs, 

 jjarticularly ambergrife, with which this coatl abounds. 

 ■ Vol. V. 



The houfes were large and well-b-jilt, in the Morcfco 

 llyie ; and llie town was llrong and fortified, and accounted 

 one ot tlic moll celebrated and frequented marts on the Ha- 

 belfaii eoall. Tile people were mollly Mahometans, but 

 under the protcclion of the kings of Portugal, to whom they 

 annually paid a fmall tribute. 'J'his payment, however, 

 tliey refilled ; upon which Trillr.m de Cugna, admiral of the 

 Pintuguele llect, bound for India, having lit on fliore at 

 Meliiula three amballadors feiit by king ^'hiiauDel to the 

 tnipcror of .'\byfrnna, proceeded to Brava, filuate about 200 

 leagues northward of Ivkhnda ; and, after fome previous ne- 

 gotiations, allaulted the city. After a fevere coiiflicl be- 

 tween the befiegers and the garrifon, confiHing of 4000 

 men, till- latter retreated into the city, and (liut the gates 

 againlt the enemy. The fitgc was prof^cutcd, and the city 

 was at length taken and plundered of a large and valuable 

 booty. Many of the befieged were flaiu and wounded, and 

 many taken priloners ; but moll of them were releafed. 

 Tiie Poituguele, on this occafiot^ perpetiated many atro- 

 cious a£ls of cruelty ; and Cugna, having plundered the 

 city, fet it on fire, and it was quickly reduced to alhes. 

 After this Brava became tributary to its deftroyers ; but 

 it was never able to recover its prilline grandeurandlibeities. 

 Brava appears to liave been the Efiina of Ptolemy, which 

 was only 1 degree from the line. N. lat. 0° 45'. E. long. 44'^. 



Bra\a Pariiia. See Pareira i?;v!t'a. 



BRAUBACII, in Geography, a town of Germany, in a 

 prefeifl urate of the fame name, in the circle of the Upper 

 Rhine, and principality of Hefie-Dannlladt, feated on the 

 Rhine oppofite to Recs ; 10 miles W. of Naffau, and 18 

 N.W. of Ment'/,. Near this place is a very valuable falmon- 

 fiiliery. 



BRAVINIO, in Ancient Geography, a town of Britain, 

 in the twtllth route of Antoniiie's Itinerary ; fuppofed to 

 be Ludlow. 



BRAUIjIO, in Geography. See Bralio. 



BRAULS, in Coinmeree, Indian cloths with blue and 

 white flripes ; otherwil'e called " turbants," beca.ife they 

 ferve to cover thole ornaineuts of the head, particularly on 

 the coafl of Africa. 



BRAUN, Georce, in Biography, Lat. Braunliis, arch- 

 deacon of Dortmund, and d^an of Notre Dame in graJiius 

 at Cologne, lived to the beginning of the I "th century, and 

 publiihed a " Latin oration againlt the fornicating priells," 

 i,';66 ; the " Life of Jefus Chrifl," and that of the " Holy 

 Virgin," and " A Controverllal Treatife againft the Pro- 

 tellants," printed at Cologne in 16015, 8vo. ; but his chief 

 work is the " Thealrum Urbium," comprifed in fevcral fc« 

 lio voinme;. G-'ii. Dicl. 



BR.-\.UN.'\U, ill Geography, a town of Bohemia, in the 



circle of KonJiMnirratz, 'belonsjinir to the abbev of Benedic- 

 ts) o * 00 



tines of the pl.iee. 



BRAUN.AW, a fortified town of Germany, in the cir- 

 cle and duchy of Bavaria, feated on tlie river Inn. It was 

 formerly the rtfidence of the ekflor palatine of B.ivaria ; but 

 ceded to t!:e honrc of Aullria by the treaty of Tefcheii in 

 1779; 8 leagues S.\S'. of PaiPau. N. lat. 48° 10'. E. long. 



BR.-\UNECT\, or Braunkog, a town of Germany, in 

 rlie Tyrolefe, and bilhopiic of Brixcn ; 16 miles N.E. of 

 Brixen. 



BRAUNER-GEYER, in Ornithology, Cramer's name 

 of the Aniirian k'te, fako aujlriacvs. 



BRAUNl'.R M.-\LDERGEYER of Cramer, is the 

 blati: kite, /i.'.'ro ii.ir. 



BRAUNFELS, in Geography, a town of Germany, in 



the tirclc -of the U-]jper Rhine, belonging to the court' 



I i Sohns, 



