B T^ E 



-nick, n»iW chiwB all the autliority wliltli llic prelate and 

 chapter formcilv eijoycJ. He appoints llv.- pallor of the 

 catlirdnil, wliiirh IkIodcjs to the Lutlierars ; vho, as 

 fijch, are immediately dependent on the elcftoral govern- 

 ment. 



Brtmen is fnpptifd wrth water from the Wcfrr by means 

 of 4 wheel turned by the llream, w hicli raifes it into a rcfer- 

 voir, ivlicnce it is conveyed to the feveral houfes by fnb- 

 terrancnn coniKiit:., at a very fniall expence. On the 

 bnildin;; which contains this machine is the following in- 

 fcriptiun : 



" Volve "Pater, Civi tradam tua dona, Vifnrsris!" 

 Provilidns of all kinds arc much cheaper at l^remcn than 

 at Hanibnrij, or e^cn in Hanover ; and yet neither tlie com- 

 merce nor the xvealtli of Bremen is inferior, in jiroportioii to 

 its fi7.e. to thofe of the orhcr llanfe towns ; but the cxpen- 

 live luxury, whch prevails in many trading places is un- 

 ■knoxvn here, and the mantiers of the inhabitants ;re plain and 

 frugal ; of »,hich one great canfe is, that the town is very 

 little vifited by fti-anj;ers. In thi i city there are many nianu- 

 fartnres, eNclnfive of a very Cdnridcrab'.c trade. I'his trade 

 confilh in inni, flax, hemp, and Imt'n, exported to England, 

 Prance, Spain, and 1'ortnp.al, and in returns of various 

 other articles with which it fupplies \Veflph:^I:a, and the 

 countries about Hanover. It is alfo a confulcrable gainer 

 Tiy its fifheries, and particularly the trade of bhibbcrwitli the 

 ■fouth of Germany. Bremen is famous for Rhenifh wine ; 

 the falc of which is monopolized by the city, and it can be 

 bouijbl only at the public vaults. In one of thcfe, as we 

 are informed by baron Knigge in his " Letters written on a 

 Journey from Lorraine to Lower Saxony," publilhcd in 

 I 793, that wine is kept fo very old, that if, to the prime coil, 

 the accumulating interell of the money, the (illing up, and 

 other expcnces, were added, a bottle of it would amount ta 

 above a thoufand dollars ; but the baron does not vouch for 

 the truth of this report. This precious liquor is only ufcd 

 "by the magiftrates on rare and grand occafions, and it is 

 fometimcs adminillered, by order of the prefident, to the 

 -fick. 



The charaftcr of the inhabitants of Bremen, fays this 

 •author, has been unjuitly treated with contempt by travel- 

 lers ; and they ha^'c been reprefented as a plodding, ftupid 

 ■people, without genius or talte. He obferves, on the con- 

 trary, that though the citizens of liremen have not that ex- 

 ■quifite tafte for the comparatively trifling arts of luxury and 

 amufement, nor that IVuditd polifli of manners which refult 

 from an habitual want of more fcrions employment, and from 

 frequent intercourfe with foreigners, whofe fole object is plea- 

 fure ; they have in general good natural abilities, improved by 

 a judicious education ; snd with relpeft to ufeful knowledge, 

 whether literary or fcientific, more information may be ob- 

 tained hy converfation in Bremen, than in manv places in 

 which ir.ore pompons prettnfions are fet forth. They are 

 obliging, frank, and hofpitable ; and their numerous and 

 excellent inftitutions for the education of orphans, and for 

 ■other charitable purpofes, which are fupported by voluntary 

 contributions, refleit .honour on their ger.r'rufity and public 

 fpirit. This city has lately afforded M. Olbers an oppor- 

 tunity of forming an aflociation of opulent merchants, who 

 have eftabliihcd a mufeum, a phyfical cabinet, and an obfcr- 

 ^atorj', with profefTors, among whom M. Olbers, the dif- 

 •covercr of the new plana called Pallas, is the profefTor of 

 aftronomy. Bremen islituated 52 miles S.W. of Hamburg. 

 N. lat. JJ^.^o'. E.long. 9". 



BREMENIUM, in Ancient Gf^grnphy, a town from 

 which Antoninus begins his firft journey in Britain. It was 

 ■ene of the towns belonging to the Otadeni. Dr. Gale places 



B R E 



it at Brampton, on the river Biemilb in Noi thumberland ; 

 others place it at Brampton in Cumberland ; but the altar 

 that ha:; been found at Riecheiltr, or Rucheilcr, near the 

 head of the river Read in Northumberland, with the name 

 Bretnenium upon it, demonllrates that this was its real fitu- 

 ation. Baxter (Glofs. p. ^rt.) derives its name from the 

 Britidi words Bre man iii, which llgnify a town upon a lull 

 near a river, which is agreeable both to its fituation and 

 prtf-nt appellation. Horllty, Brit. Rom. p. 243. 



BKEMKRVORDE, in Gec^rnphy, a large village and 

 bailiwick of Germany, in the duchy of Bremen, in which 

 was formerly the palace of the aichbilhop. It has municipal 

 privileges and two burgomallers ; 30 miles N. of Bremen, 

 and 10 S.W. of Stade. N. lat. ,13° S^'- E. long. 8° 55'. 



BREMETONACIS, in /t.icidnl Gengrnply, a place of 

 Britain, in Antoninc's tenth rout, from Glanovtnta to 

 MedioIaTuim, between Galacum and Coccium, or Appleby 

 and Ribchefter; fuppo-fcd to be Overborough. 



BREMGARTEN, in Cco^mphy, a town of SwifTerland, 

 and one of the free baiJliages, formerly fubjefl to the cantans 

 of Znric, Bern, and Glarus, from the year 1712, and united by 

 the French divifion of 179H, to Baden, which forms a part 

 of the department of Argovie or Arcow, according to tfie 

 French conllitution of iPoi. The inhabitants of this 

 bailliage are Roman catholics. Its regency, previous to 

 the French conqncll, coiifjlled of the litttle and great c-oun- 

 cil ; the former being conipofed of 12 members, and the 

 latter of 40. The town is leattd on the Rcufs, about S 

 miles S. of Baden; and has a wooden bridge over the river, 

 forming a communication between the cantons of Zuric and 

 Bern. It is divided into the Upper and the Lower town ; 

 the former fituate on an eminence, and the latter on the bank 

 of the river. N. lat. 47° 14'. E. long. 8° 12'. 



BREMIS, a town of SwifTerland, in the Valais, fituate 

 fouth of the Rhine and near it ; 4 miles E. S. E. of Sion. 

 N.lat. 4^° !?■.'. E.long. 7° 16'. 



BREMONT LA MoTTE, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of Puy-de-D6me, 10 miles from Clermont. 



BREMPT, a fmall town of Germany, in the eleftorate 

 of Treves, feated on the Mofelle. 



BRENAS, a range of mountains in the fouthern part of 

 Africa, towards the Cape of Good Hope, which, according 

 to Barrow, in his " Travels," iSoi, p. 29S, paifes N. W. 

 and S. E. about lat. 32° or ,53°. This great range, fays 

 Paterfon, p. \2<,, runs E. and W. at the dillance of about 4 

 days' journey from the mouth of the Orange river; pre- 

 bably the inmoll terrace of the Table land of fouthern 

 Africa, which feems to be pervaded by the Jagas, a wander- 

 ing nation like the Tartars. 



BRENCKHAUSEN, a town of Gei-many, in thecircle 

 of Wellphalia, belonging to the abbey of Corvev, 4 miles 

 N. W. of Corvey. 



BRENDOLO, a fmall fea-port town in the canals of 

 Venice, between Venice and the mouth of the Po. 



BRENET, a pifturefque lake of Swiflerland, in the 

 valley of the lake of Joux, upon that part of the Jura chain 

 of mountains called Mont Joux, in the bailliage of Roman 

 Motier. From this fmall lake dcfccnds a ftream, which is 

 loll in a hollow gulph called " L'Entonnoir," or the 

 funnel, in which feveral mills are turned by the force of tlie 

 current. About 1 miles further, on the other fide of the 

 mountain, the river Orbe burlls forth, and is probably pro- 

 duced by the (Iream here ingulphed. 



BRENETS, Les, a village and mayoralty of SwifTerland, 

 in the Valais, containing about 1000 inhabitants ; 10 miles 

 N.V. of Neuchatel. It is feated near the river Dou. 

 N. lat. 47° 1;'. E.long. 6" 27'. 



BRENNA, 



