B R E 



manJ ite to a (htriff, to deliver to his fiiccclTor, the county, 

 and the appiirtenaiicss, with tlie rolls, briefs, remembrances, 

 and all other things belonging to tliat ofiice. 



BREVICORNIS, in Eniom'yhxy, a fpecies of Cfram- 

 »Y X that ii.luibits Sierra Leona in Africa. The thorax is un- 

 armed, and green : wing-cafes obfcnrc : antennae (hort, and 

 black, l-abr. &c. .,._,. 



Brevicohsis, a fpccics of Necydalis fonnd in Unniea. 

 Tlie wing-cafes are ^cry minute : head and thorax fufcous, 

 with a longitudinal yellow line : antenna, very fliort and 



tliK-k. Gnal. &c. r Lr J 11 



Brevicornis, a fpccics of Cimei of an oblcure or dull 

 cupreous colour : anttnnx, very Ihort and comprefTed ; the 

 anterior thighs dentatcd. Fabr. This fort is from China. 

 Brevicornij, a fpecies of Tipula of a black glofTy co- 

 lour: margin of the wings blackifli : abdomen fulcous : an- 

 terior Ihanks fpinous. I'abr. A native of Europe, called 

 by Degeer, Tipula flavicauda. 



Brevicornis, a fpecies of Monoculiis that inhabits 

 marlhes overtlowu by tiie fca. Tt is fimply defcribed as hav- 

 ing the hairs of the tail very fhort. Mi^ill-Stroeni, &c. 0!>/._ 

 Tiie antenns in the male of this fpecies are hooked ; thofe of 

 tlie female forked at the tips. _ 



BREVIER, among Printers, is the denomination of a 

 fmall fpecies of lettei-s between minion and bourgeois. See 

 Printing. .^ ._ , , . , 



BREVTNE, in G:o;;rjphy, a town of Swifferland, in the 

 principahty of Neuchatel, 12. miles W. of Neuchatel. N. 

 lat. 47°- F.. long. 6° 23'. 



BREVIPES, m Entomology, a fpecies of Staphtlinus 

 that inhabits Europe. The colour is deep black : wing- 

 cafes and legs tellaceous : (hanks (hort. Linn. Inhabits 

 Europe. 



BREVIPILIS, in ZorJogy, that variety of the dog (Ca- 

 KMs) known by the name of king Charles's dog. 



BREVIS aibiti, in Anatomy, one of the extenfor mufcks 

 of the cubitus, ariliiig from the external (pine of the humerus. 

 Brevis rjdii, one of the fupiiiatory mufcles of the ra- 

 dius, arifing partly from the external condylus of the hume- 

 rus, and partly from the upper and exterior part of the 

 ulna ; and inler'ted into the fuperiorpart of the radius, which 

 it embraces wholly : and ferves to turn the palm of the hand 

 upwards. 



Brevis is alfo ufed by fome for the third of the extenfors 

 of the carpus, wliich, aiifing from the lower part of the 

 humerus, and running along the radius, terminates in the 

 bone of the carpus which fuftains the middle finger. Some 

 anatomifts join this with the fecond extensor, and call 

 them bicornis, or radialis externus : others choofe to dilbn- 

 guifh tliem btcaufe they have different origins, and inlcr- 

 tions ; and that their bellies are feparable. 



Brevis extenfor poUicis pedis. See Extensor. 

 T^yn-f-^i^Jlexor pollicis pedis. See Flexor. 

 Brevis peron^us. See P e r o n .ci' s . 

 Brevis pronator radii. S ec P R o x A i o R . 

 Brevis, in Entomology, a fpecies of Cerambyx of a 

 blackiih colour, with fpinous thorax : thighs rotundate, 

 Ihort -. anterior joints of the feet lobed with hairs. Sulz. 

 &c. A native of Surinam. 



BREVITY, in a general fenfe, that which denominates 

 a thing brief or (hort. 



Brevity is more particularly ufed in fpeaking of the 

 ftyle or compofition of difcourfc. Brevity of difcourfe is 

 by fome called brachylogia and breviloquentia ; fometimes 

 laconifmus. Tacitus and Pcrfuis are remarkable for the 

 brevity of their ilyle. There are two kinds of brevity, one 

 arifiDg trom drjnefs, poverty, and narrownefs of genius } 



B R E 



the other from iudgment and refle(flion ; vvhich latter alone 

 is laudable. Brevity is fo efTcntial to a tale, a fong 

 and an epigram, that without it, they neccdarily languilh 

 and become dull. Rhetoricians make brevity one of the 

 principal marks or conditions of eloquence ; but the rules 

 they prefcribe for attaining it, are difficult tu apply, fo as ftill 

 to keep the due medium between too much and too little. 



A jull brevity is attained by uling all the words which 

 are neceffary, and none but thofe which are necelTary. 

 Sometimes it may alfo be had, by choofing a word whieh ha; 

 the force of feveral. It is this la(l kind which Quiatilian ad- 

 mires fo much in Sallud ; and the imitation of which, by 

 other writers, has caufed fo much obfcurity. See OliSCURi rv. 

 BREVIUM eujios. See Custos. 

 lls.t.v\VM fit/fo rctorno. See Falso. 

 BREUNLINGEN, in Geography, a fmall town of 

 Germany, in the circle of Swabia, which, at the peace of 

 Munfler, was ceded to the houfe of Auftria. 



BREVOORDT, a fortified town in the United Nether- 

 lands, in the province of Gucldcrland, and county of Zut- 

 phen, furrounded by a maifh ; feven leagues S. E. of Zut- 

 phen. 



BREW, a river of England, which runs into the Britift 

 channel, about 8 miles N. of Bridgewatcr. 

 BREV/ED-wiNE. See Wine. 



BREWER, a perfon who profeffes the art of brewing. 

 Brewers are called, in Middle ylge JVrilers, brejlalores, Ini- 

 ciatores, braxionarii, brafiatrices, braxalrices, and cambariu 

 Du-Cange Glofl. Lat. torn. i. 



The brewers of London make a company, incorporated 

 by Henry VI. in 143^, confifting of a mafter, three wardens, 

 twenty-eight aiTiftants, and one hundred and eight livery- 

 men. See Company. 



The apparatus and utenfils of a brewer, or a brewhonfe, 

 are a fursace made clofe and hollow for faving fuel, with 

 a vent for the paflage of the fmoke, led it taint the li- 

 quor ; a copper, which is preferable to lead ; a mafli-fat 

 near the head, a cooler near the made-fat, and guile-fat 

 under the cooler ; adjoining to all, are feveral clean tubs, to 

 receive the worts and liquors. 



Brewer, in Geography, a ftrait in the Magellanean fea, 

 about the ifland called Statenland, which parts it from the 

 ftraits of Le Maire. It was difcovered by the Dutch na- 

 vigator Brevi'er, about the year 1643. 



Brewer's Ha-oen, a good harbour at the N. end of the 

 ifiand of Chiloe, on the coaft of Chili, in South America, 

 and in the South fea. The Dutch attempted to land here 

 in 1643, in order to obtain pofl'elTion of fome part of Chili? 

 but they were driven off by the Spaniards and natives. S. 

 lat. 42'^ 30'. W. long. 74'' 10'. 



BREWING, Brajage de la biere, Fr. Bas Brauen, 

 Germ. The art of brewing, or of preparing a vinous ferment- 

 ed liquor from the farinaceous feeds, is of very high anti- 

 quity. The ancient Egyptians, from the foil and climate of 

 their country not being favourable to the culture of the 

 vine, were induced to feek a fubflitute in barley, from 

 which, in all probability, by the procefs of malting, they 

 knew how to procure a fermented hquor. The town of 

 Pelufium, fituated on one of the mouths of the Nile, was 

 particularly celebrated for its manufadlories of malt liquor, 

 of which there were two kinds ; one called Carmi was 

 Iweet, and appears to have refembled our fweet and gluti- 

 nous ales, the other named Zillmm, feems to have been 

 analogous to modern beer. The Germans, from the teiti- 

 raony of Tacitus, were capable of preparing a liquor iimilar 

 to wine (quandam vini fpeciem) from barley, by fermenta- 

 tion- Julian, Slrabo and Polybius, (how, that the fame art 



was 



