B R I 



BREYRELDE, in Gcegrofiy, a town of Flanders, 

 8 milei S. of Aloil. 



BRF.YSICH. Si-e Dmsioh. 



LREZAN. a town, having a caf^lf. of Poland, in the 

 paljtiiiiUe of Lembei,;, and I'.ilirid of Halicz. 



BREZE, a town of France, in tlir department ol the 

 Maync and Li-ire, 8 uiiU'S S. of Saumur. 



BREZOLLES. or Brtssollus. a town of Erance, in 

 the Jtpartment of the Eure and Loire, and chief phicc of 

 a canton in tlie dillrirl of Drcnx ; 4 leagnes W. of Drciix. 

 The place contains Hio, and the canton 9951 inhabitants: 

 the territory comprehends 26;! kiiiomttrcs, and 12. com- 

 iniinrc, 



! ", '"'-'.OWA, a populous town of Lower Hungary, in 

 r 1 . .• dillricl. Tlic inhabitants follow agriculture and 

 t;a'\iiot.iits. 



BRIAC, St., a town of France, in the department of the 

 lUe and Vilaine, and in the dillrid of St. Malo, l^ league 

 W. of St. Malo. 



BRI.\CK //7aH</, about 2 miles long from N. N. E. to 

 S. S. W.. lie.; on the coaft of France, in the Englilli channel. 

 See Fjrehat. 



BRIADEN, a town of Afwtic Turkey, in Syria, loo 

 miles N. N. E. of Damafcup. 



BRIAN^ON, a town of France, and chief place of a 

 diilria, in the department of the Higher Alps, fituate on 

 the Duran5e, furronndcd with rocks and mountains, and 

 defended by forts and redoubts ; 14 leagues N. N. E. of 

 Gap. The place contains 297a, and the canton 7187 inha- 

 bitants ; the territory includes 257^ kiliometres and 8 com- 

 munes. N. lat. 44° 46'. E. long. 6" 45'. 



BRIANcONNET, a fortrefs of Savoy, in the Taren- 

 taife, near the town Moufticrs, fituate on a rock which is 

 inacceffible, except by the fide of a river, where it is afcended 

 by two or three hundred Heps. The common pafTage from 

 Savoy to the Tarentaifc and Italy is by this fortrefs. 



BRLAN^OKNOIS, the name, before the revolution, 

 of a dillrid of France, in the province of Daupliiny, about 

 I.; leasjues long and 6 wide, comprehending feveral vallies, 

 «hich'are fituated among tlie Alps. The air is cold in winter, 

 and warm in fummer. The inhabitants are fobcr, active, 

 induftrious ; they cultivate fome wheat and fruit, and feed 

 flocks of Ihcep ; they gather manna from the trees, and make 

 fomc wine. This diftrift now forms a part of the depart- 

 inent of the Lower Alps. Its inhabitants were formerly 

 known to the Romans under the appellation of Brigantcs. 

 BRIANSK. SeeBRANSK. 



BRIANZA, mountains of Italy, near the lake of Como, 

 in the Milanefe. 



BRIAR, in Botany, a name given to many fpecies of 

 the rofe. 



Bri.ir Crtel; in Geography, a water of Savannah river, 

 in Georgia; the mouth of whicli is about 50 miles S.E. by 

 S. from Angufta, and 55 north-wellcrly from Savannah. 



BRIARE, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Loiret, and chief place of a canton, in the dillrid of Gien, 

 feated on the Loire, and 2 leagues S.E. of Gien. The 

 place contains i6^j, and the canton 7700 inhabitants; the 

 territory includes 3J0 kiliometres, and 14 communes. At 

 tiiis town commences the canal, which unites the Loire and 

 Seine. N. lat. 47' 40'. E. long. 2° 45'. 



BRIAREUS, in Fahiikus Hi/lory, a giant, the fon of 

 ^tlher, Titan, or Ccelus, and Terra. Tiiis was his celellial 

 appellation ; on earth he was called " ^geon." Jupiter 

 derived fin^iular fuccour from him, when Juno, Pallas, Nep- 

 iniie, and the other gods, endeavoured to bind him in chains, 

 aiid to dethrone him; though he afterwards confpired with 



B R I 



hit brethren, the giants, to dethrone Jupiter. Virgil de- 

 feribta him [jEt\. x. 36^.) on this occalion, as having too 

 hands, 50 heads, and breathing out fire. According to 

 the fable, Juoittr pnniflied him by throwing him unde- 

 mount yEtiia,' which, as often as lie moves, belches out 



the. . . ^ 



Briareus, in Natural Hl/lcry, a fpccics of Gorgonia. 

 found in the Weil Indian "feas. This kind is fubramofe. 

 round, lliick, rifing from a brond dilated bafe ; the fiefh 

 white within ; externally grey ; (lorcts large, bearded, with 

 eight tcntacula ; bone c'ompofed of fmall glafTy needles of a 

 purple colour irregularly, and compaClly Jifpofed in a longi- 

 tudinal manner. Ellis, Solander, &c. 



BRIASCA, in Geogrnphy, a town of European Turkey 

 in Moldavia ;' 76 miles E. of Jafli. 



BRIATEXTE, a town of France, in the department 

 of the Tarn, and the dillria of Lavaur : ji league N.E. 

 of I^avaur. 



BRIATICO, a town of Naples, in the province of Ca- 

 labria Ultra ; 1 1 m:L=s N.E. of NiJOtera. 



BRIBACH, a river of Swabia, in the Black foreft, 

 wh.ich rifes near the fource of the Danube, and unites with 

 the Brege below the town of Donefcliingen. 



BRIBE, a reward given to pervert the judgment, or 

 corrupt the condufl. See Bribery. 



The word is French, bribe, which originally denotes a bit, 

 fragment, or relic of meat taken olf the table ; on which 

 footing, bribe imports as much ssp^/iis mendicatiis, and ftill 

 keeps up the idea of the matter whereof bribes anciently 

 confifted. Hence alfo the Spaniards ufe bribar and brii-ar 

 i or begging ; and brivia, brii'oiieria, and brivonifnto, for beg- 

 gary. Menag. Orig. Franc, p. I.J I. Skinner Etym. in 

 voc. In MiilJIe Age Writers, a bribe given to a judge, is 

 called quota litis, and the receiver, eampi pariiceps, or cambi 

 parliceps ; becaufe the fpoils of the field, i. e. the profits of 

 the caufe, were thus ihared with the giver. Du-Cange. 

 Glofl". Lat. torn. i. 



BRIBERY, in Common Laiv, is when a perfon, occupy- 

 ing a judicial place, takes any fee, gift, reward, or brocage, 

 for doing his ofRce, or by colour of his office, except of the 

 king only. In a larger fenfe, bribery denotes the receiving 

 or offering of any unduereward,toorby any perfon concerned 

 in the adminiib-ation of public juftice, as an inducement for 

 acting contrary to duty ; and lometimes it fignities the tak- 

 ing or giving of a reward for a public office. 



In the eafl it is the cuftom never to petition any fir- 

 perior for juftice, kings not excepted, without a prefent j 

 a praftice adapted to the genius of defpotic countries. 

 The Roman law, though it contained many fevere injunc- 

 tions againft bribery, as well for felling a man's vote in 

 the fenate or other public affembly, as for the bartering of 

 common juftice, neverthelefs tacitly encouraged this prac- 

 tice ; becaufe it allowed the magiftrate to receive fmall pre- 

 fents, provided they did not in the whole amount exceed a 

 hundred crowns in the year. Plato, in his Ideal Rtpublic 

 (De Leg. 1. 2.) more wifely orders thofe who take prefents 

 for doing their duty to be puniflied in the feverefl; manner : 

 and by the laws of Athens, the offerer as well as th.e re- 

 ceiver of a bribe were prcfecnted. In England, this offence 

 of taking bribes is puniilied, in inferior officers, with fine and 

 imprifonment ; and in thofe who offer a bribe, though not 

 taken, the fame. (3 Inft. 147.) But in judges, efpecially 

 the fuperior ones, it has been always regarded as a very hei- 

 nous offence ; infonnich, that anciently it was punifhed as 

 liigh treafon, and the chief juftice Thorp was hanged for it 

 in the reign of Edw. III. ; and at this day it is punifiiable 

 v.ith forfeiture of offi.ce, fine, and imprifonment. By ftatute 

 2 u Hciu 



