B R I 



B R t 



gaile, where they regulate together the jjiiarJs, parties, de- 

 tachments, and convoys, and appoint tliem the hour and 

 place of rendezvous at the head of the brigade, where 

 the brigade-major takes and marches them to the place 

 of ge:ieral rendezvous. A major of brigade ought to keep 

 .a roll of the colonels, lieutenant-Colonels, majors, and ad- 

 jutants, belonging to the brigade. When a detichmcrit is 

 to be made, the major-general of the day regulates with 

 the brigade-majors, how many men and offieers each bri- 

 gade fhall furriifh ; and they again, with the adjutants of 

 the regiments, how many each battalion is to fend, which 

 the adjutants divide among the companies. The comple- 

 ments each regiruent is to furnifh, are taken by the adju- 

 tant at the head of each regiment, at the hour appointed, 

 v.'ho delivers them to the brigade-major at the head of the 

 brigade, who again delivers them to the major-general of 

 the day, and he remits them to the officer who is to command 

 the detachment. 



BIIIGADIER-General, an officer whofe rank is the 

 next above that of a colonel, appointed to command a corps 

 confjiling of fcveral battalions or regiments, called a brigade. 

 Every brigadier marches at the head of Lis brigade upon 

 duty . The brigadier of foot commands him of horfe in gar- 

 rifon , and the bri.^adicr of liorfe, him of foot in the field. 

 Bfigadjers of the Iiorfe-guards command yonngcll captains 

 of horfe, who have generally fome higlier rank in the army. 



Suu-Brig ADiEii of a troop of horfe-guards, an affillant 

 of the bii"-adier. 



BRIGANDINE, in Heraldry, a jacket or coat of mail, 

 coniiniiiiV of a number of imall plates of iron, lewed upon 

 quilted linen or leather, covered vvitii the fame, and worn by 

 troapi calLJ brigands. 



BRK,-ANI.»i]SlI, Brigantini, Brioandinarii, or 

 BrigakCii, in Aihldle Age IVrilcrs, military thieves, or 

 hi;;h\.aymen, who intefted France and the Netherlands. 

 See Brabancionfs. 



BlllGANTES, iny/««Vn/GeojTa/iZ'_)i and Hijlory, a people 

 of very ancient origin, who occupied feveral parts of Rhcetia, 

 the ifiands of Britain, Sp.ini, &c. According to Stephanus 

 Byzantiaus, they were the fame with the Bregi or Brigcs; and 

 the Briges were, according to Strabo (Geog. I. xii. p. 5/;o.) 

 the fame with the Pliryges or Phrygians. From a pafTage 

 in Herodotus (1. vii.) it appears that they retained the 

 name of Briges whilft they remained in Europe with the Ma- 

 cedonian? ; but tiiat when they migrattd i'ito Afia, tliey 

 were uiltinguiflied by the appellation of Phryges. Some 

 have fuggclled, thnt the name ot Brigantes was formed 

 from Gomri or Gombri, the defcendants of Gomer, one of 

 the moll ancient progenitors of the people of Europe ; by 

 fubjoining the Celtic citnl, de.ioting a hundred, whence is 

 derived GombricanI, and exprtfling the termination hrlcant, 

 by the Latin Brlganles. Whatever be the etymology of 

 the name, the Brigts or Brigantes are placed by Steph. Byz. 

 in the mountains of Thrace and Macedonia ; and fome <^f 

 them, as Herodotus infotms us, paffed into Phrygia, whiJll 

 others proceeded as far as Rhoetia towards the well, where 

 Strabo recognizes them. Here we find the lake " Brigan* 

 tius," and a town of the Brigantes. From hence they ad- 

 vanced towards the north, following the cpurfe of the river 

 Rhine, which fignifies, in Celtic, the conductor, as far as 

 the ocean, and croffed it to the Britifti illands. It is not 

 improbable, that others of the Brigantes migrated into Gaul, 

 and there founded the city of the Brigantes, now called 

 Briancon, and that other colonies of tlie fame nation palled 

 into Spain, where we difcover a reference to their name in 

 feveral places. Thofe Brigantes who traverfed the ocean 

 into the ifle of Albion became the nipil numerous asd 



powerful people of the ancient Britons. Their territories 

 reached from fea to fea, quite acrofs the iflaiid, and com- 

 prehended that large Iraft of country, which is now di- 

 vided into Yorkfhire and the county of Durham on the eall 

 eoall, and I.ancalhire, Welhnoreland, and Cumberland on 

 the weft. Thefe Brigan-es are fuppnfcd to have been de- 

 fcendtd, as we have already intimated, from the ancient 

 Phrygians, who were the full inhabitants of Emopc, and 

 to have come over into this illand from the coall of Gaul, 

 before the Bclgje arrived in that country. They were 

 fettled, without doubt, in this ifland in times of very re- 

 mote ant'quity, and efteemcd thcmfelves the Aborigines, or 

 (iril inhabitants of it. The Brigantes were not in the lealt 

 afTccled by the incmiions of the Romans under Julius Caefar; 

 but Seneca (in Ludo) infinuates, more probably, with poLti-> 

 cal compliment than truth, that they were fubdued by the 

 emperor Claudius : 



" — — Ilk Bntannos 



Ultro noti littora ponti, et coeruleos 

 Scuta BrigaiUes, dare Roinulasis colla catenis 

 Juffit." 

 It appears, however, that they fooii contrafted fome 

 alliance with, or made fome kind of fubmliTion to, the Ro- 

 mans. For, when Ollorlus, the Roman governor, had de- 

 feated the Iceni, and was marching his army into the well 

 againlt the Cangi, he was called away by the news of aa 

 inliirrettion among the Brigantes, which he foe • quieted. 

 Tacitus Annal. 1. xii. c. .,2. But it alio appears (Id. 1. xii. 

 c. :;6.) that thefe people were, fome time after this, govern- 

 ed by their own princes, particularly by the famous Cartif- 

 mandua, who was a faithful and ufeful ally to the Romans. 

 They afterward; comnicnced holl'lities againft the Romans 

 in the beginning of Vefpafian's reign, A. D. 70, and were 

 partly lubdued by Petiliiis Cerialis, then governor of Bri- 

 tain, and foon after totally reduced by the renowned 

 Agricola. Tac. Vit. Agr. c. 17. 20. The country of the 

 Brigantes compofed almoft tlie whole of the fourth Roman 

 province in Biicain, called " Maxima Csfarienlis," and was 

 governed by the confular prelident of that province. Dur- 

 ing the times of the Romans, this was a frontier province, 

 and was therefore much frequented, and carefully guarded 

 by that people. The towns of the Brigantes were Epiacum, 

 Vinnovium, Caturrattonium, Calatum, Ifurium, Rigodunum, 

 Olicana, Eboracum, and Camunlodunum ; which fee re- 

 fpeftive'y. Henry's Hift. Book i. c. 3. §1. 



The Brigantes of Ireland are fuppoled to have lived in 

 that part which is now the county of Waterford, adjoining 

 the river Brigus. It is natural to conclude that thefe were 

 either a colony of the Brigantes of Britain, or fprnng from 

 the fame race. Even general Valiancy fecms to admit this;, 

 and he has quoted a paifage from a work of Monf. Brigante, 

 (bowing the Brigantes to be Celts of the pofteiity of Japhet, 

 and to have received their name from their attention to na- 

 vigation. That they proceeded immediately from Geimany 

 and Rhcetia is rendered probable by Ptolemy's having 

 placed near them the Canuciaad Menapii, people found in 

 Germany on the coalls of the ocean. The Englilh words, 

 brig and brigantinc, are fuppofed to be derived fiom the lama 

 fource. 



BRIGANTI, ANNinAL, in Biography, a celebrated 

 Neapolitan phyfician, who flouridied the latter part of the 

 16th century, publiflied, in 1577, at Naples, two fmall 

 works in Italian, 4to. the one containing " Regulations pro- 

 per to be obferved for preventing the propagation, and dif- 

 fufion of the plague;" the other, " On the prevention anj 

 cure of the meafles :" alio, " Epillolx medicinales," 8vo» 

 jj8: ; much commended by Toppius. The author treats 



hugely 



