BRITAIN. 



and die total rental of Great Britain will be 



pCT- annum 



jj,oco,oool. and the value of the land, at 30 years' pur- 

 chafe, be 990,000,000). Other writers have endeavoured to 

 prove, (fte Bcche's " Obfcrvatious on tlie Produce of the 

 Income Tax,") that in the whole extent of England and 

 Wales there are no more than 38,500,000 acres of land ; and 

 that Scotland, with its adjacent iflands, contains about 2 I 



millions of heavy guineas remained out in circulation, whfcfr 

 with the filver and copper coin, made the whole, at that 

 time, about 20 millions, at which fum Mr. Chalmers elU- 

 matcd it in the year 1786. Mr. Grelher eftimates it at 

 about 25 millions. 



Of the value of the merchandize and manufaflures ufually 

 in the hands of the merchants, wholefale dealers, (liop-keep- 



millioni of acres. It is not fo eafy to afcertain the value of crs, and manufafturers, it is very difficult to form a fatisfadory 



the houfcs as it is to determine the value of the land ; but the 

 following (latemcnt of their rent, founded on the numbers re- 

 turned as chargeable and excufed to the window duties, in 

 England and Wales, in 1781, will not be thought too high : 



Number of cottages 284,459, at 20s J y-^ 



per annum - - - - j 



Number of houfes under 10 windows, ) 



497,801, at 5I. per annum - -J 

 Number of houfcs under 2 I windows, 7 



171,177, at 13I. per annum - -j 

 Number of houfes, above 20 windows, \ 



jj,373, at 40I. per annum - -j 



Tot.il 



Kent. 



284'459 



2,489,005 



2.5'57.655 

 2,094,920 



The total rent, at 20 years' purchafe, makes 148,720,7801. 

 and including Scotland at lefs than a fixth of England and 

 \\'ale5, the whole will amount to 170,000,000!. 



In order to form an idea of the value of cattle and farm- 

 ing (lock, on the land, wc may confider the black cattle and 

 calves, (beep and iambs, fwine, pigs, and poultr)-, annually 

 confumcd in London as worth 6,ooo,oool. which cannot 

 be more than a feventh part of the whole confumption, 

 amounting therefore in value to 42,000,0001. : but the whole 

 number of cattle exifting mud be more than double the 

 quantity brought to market ; fo that, including horfes, afles, 

 cows kept for milk, and oxen employed in agriculture, the 

 whole value of the cattle cannot be lefs than 90,000,0001. 



Taking the annual confumption of grain of all forts at 

 14,000,000 quartets, which is probably below the trutii, it 

 may be prelu ned, that in general there is at leall three or 

 four months' fupply on hand, which, at only 3 ^s. per quarter, 

 will amount to at leail 6,125,0001. The value of hay and 

 ftraw, and all kinds of fodder, and of all implements of huf- 

 bandry, cannot be lefs than five or fix millions, and with 

 the former fura will make about I2,c00,00ol. The total 

 value of cattle and farming flock is therefore i02,ooo,oool. ; 

 and if it be eftimated as equal in value to only three times 

 the yearly rent, it will amount to nearly this fum. 



The value of the fhipping belonging to Great Britain 

 may be more accurately afcertained : for it appears that, in 

 1794, the tonnage of the vefTels in the merchants' fervice was 

 1,589,162 tons ; but taking it at 1,500,000!. at 81. per ton, 

 it makes I2,ooo,oool. and this is without doubt below the 

 real value. In the year ending the 5th of January, 1804, 

 the number of Britifli (hips entered inwards was 11,396; 

 their tonnage 1,614,365 ; and the number of foreign (hips 

 4,252, and their toimage 638,034 ; the number of Britifh 

 ftiips cleared outwards, was 3,662, and theirtonnage 574,542; 

 and the number of foreign fhips 3,662, and their tonnage 

 574,542. The fhipping of the navy may perhaps be 

 cllimated at 4,ooo,oool. making, with the former fum, 

 i6,ooo,cool. to which fome addition (hould be made for 

 the value of tlic fmall craft employed on our livers and canals. 

 The quantity of money in the country has, at different 

 times been a fubje£l of difpute, and has never been deter- 

 mined with precifion. However, by the re-coinage in 1 773, 

 1774, and 1776, it was found, that the value of the light 

 gold dehvered into the bank amounted to 15,563,5931.; and 

 It was generally admitted that fomewhat more than two 



idea. The total amount of the exports in 1797 was 

 28,917,0001. and of imports 21,013,000!. according to the 

 cutlom-houfe accounts ; but thefe accounts being confide- 

 rably below the true value, if we take the whole aj ratetl 

 only 60 per cent, under the value in 1800, the annual 

 amount of foreign trade eftimated for that peiiod, will be 

 79,S8S,oool. to which fome addition fhould be made for 

 fmuggled goods. Mr. Pitt, in 1799, computed the imports 

 at 2 i;,ooo,oool. and the exports at more than 33,000,000!. ; 

 and in Feb. 1801, the foreignexpoitsat 17,000,000!. andthe 

 domcftic at 2 o,ooo,oool., amounting to a total of 3 7,000,000!. 

 The oflicial value of all imports, on an average of fix years, 

 ending the 5th of January, 1S04, was 29,490,945!. ; and 

 the official value of Britifh manufaftures exported, on the 

 fame average to the fame time, was 23,834,340!. ; and real 

 value 40,100,870!. ; and the ofHcial value of foreign mer- 

 chandize exported, on the fame average, to the fame time, 

 was 15,323.5001. i and the real value 9,323,2571. Itwasthe 

 opinion of a numerous meeting of merchants in March, 1 797, 

 that there is always, at the Icaft, two months' fupply of ex- 

 port and import merchandi/.e in the cuftody of the merchants 

 and traders, which, according totheabovetotalof 79,888, oool. 

 will amount to 13,3x4,666!., to which fome addition 

 (hould be made for property in the hands of foreign mer- 

 chants. But the value of goods in the hands of manufac- 

 turers and retail traders far exceeds this fum. The offi- 

 cial value of Briti(h manufadtures exported in 1798 was 

 19,771,5101. ; but this being at Icaft 71 per cent, below the 

 real value, we may take the actual value, on an average of 

 two years, 3131,356,793!., which, it is prefumed, cannot be 

 more than a third of the whole produce of our manufac- 

 tures ; and accordingly, this will amount to 94,070,379!. 

 If we deduft 5,000,000!. for that fmall part which is fup- 

 pofed to be in the hands of the merchants, the remainder 

 will be 89,070,379!. ; and of this it is probable that there 

 is much more than three months' fupply in the hand.s of 

 the manufacturers and retail traders, which, eftimated in this 

 proportion, amounts to 22,267,594!. 



As to the value of that part of the property of indivi- 

 duals which confifts in houfchuld furniture, wearing appareli 

 provifions, fuel, carriages, &c. See. we can recur only to 

 conjedure ; but it may bethought not to- bq ovep-rated at 

 three times the yearly rent of tl)e houfes which contain'it, 

 or 26,026,000!. in the whole of Great Britain. 



The following fummary will exhibit the refults of the 

 above eftimates : 



Value of the land of Great Britain £. 



Houfcs -.-... 



Cattle, and all kinds of farming ftock - 



Shipping, navy, and merchant (hips 



Money - . . . . 



Goods in hands of merchants and whole- 

 fale dealers .... 



Goods in hands of manufadurers and 

 retail-traders ... 



Furniture, apparel, &c. 



■1 



990,000,000 

 170,000,000 



IO2,CO0,O0O 

 16,000,000 

 25,000,000 



13,314,000 



22,267,000 



26,0; 6,0c o 



Total - j^. i,364,6o7,ooo> 



From 



