B R O 



fliff ki'iids of land, tlian that by means of iiiaclilnes, as tliey 

 mull conftantly be liable to be put out of order, and of couife 

 to depofit the feed in an irregular manner. See Hus- 



BAMDRy. 



Bv.0. \D-ca/l Sowing, that mode of putting grain, turnips, 

 pulfe, clover, jvalTes, &c. into the earth, by difpcrilng them 

 over the furface by the hand. See Sowing. 



Broad Fourtccns, in Geography, the name of a faiid 

 which lies 5 or 6 leagues N. E. from the Texcl, extending 

 bv a fmall tad N. from the Texcl, and N. W. by N. from 

 Flu'r Vlialand iflaud towr.rds the fouth. Upon this fand 

 arc .jenerally 14 fathnnv; of water, and between it and the land 

 from iS to ig, and more norlhcily iO failioms. 



Broad Jiavrn, a coniidcrable harbour of the county of 

 Mi'.yo, Irehnd, iviicr Ktween Urrld and Binwy heads. It 

 is very extenlivc, has ^.oaA ground, and water of fufftcicnt 

 depth for any fh'p ; but is fo much expofed to northerly 

 vinds, that thtre is not room for more than two large fliips 

 in well ihfUercil anchorage. Small veffeh, iiowever, may go 

 further up, and lie very fafe on foit fand, with three or four 

 feet water rnJcr them at low water. The wellern fliorc of 

 this bay is formed by the penlnii;!-! of the Mullet, fometinies 

 erroneoufly repr;fented as an illand. There are at prefent 

 only a few filhing villages on the coall of this harbour. 

 About two miles N. by E. of Binwy head are three or 

 four very remarkable rocks, called the Slags of Rroadha-ven. 

 Lon. between 9° 40', a;'d 9° 4^/ W. Lat. 54'^ 19' N. 



Broad /i/Vcf, in Coinage, a denomination given to certain 

 gold pieces broader than a guinea ;• particularly Carolufcs 

 and Jacobufes. 



Broad River, in Geography, an arm of the fea, ex- 

 tends along the well and north-weft fides of Beaufort or 

 Port Royal idand, on the coaft of South Carohna, and re- 

 ceives Coofa river from the north-wcit, wliich may be alfo 

 called an arm of the fea. Thefe two arms embrace all the 

 iflands between Coombahee river and Dawfufl-cee found, with 

 which Broad river alfo communicates. Channels between 

 Broad river and Coofa form the iflands. The entrance 

 through Broad river to Beaufort harbour, which is one of 

 the bell in the Hate, lies between Hilton's head and St. 

 Phillip's point. 



Broad River, or Cheraleehaw, a water of Savannah 

 river, from the Georgia fide, which empties into the Savannah 

 at Peterfburg. 



Broad River, in South Carolina, rifes by three branches 

 from the N.W. viz. the Ennoree, Tiger, and Packolel, 

 which unite about 40 miles above the mouth of the 

 Saluda river ; and this, with Broad river, forms Congaree 

 river. Broad river may be rendered navigable 30 miles in 

 North Carohna. 



Broad Sand, lies on the weft fide of the buoys of the 

 channel in the Zuyder Sea, within the Texel. 



BROAD^</f, in the Sea-Language, a difcharge of all the 

 guns on one fide of a fhip at the fame time. 



A broad-fide is a kind of volley of cannon, and ought 

 never to be given at a diftance from the enemy above muflvet- 

 fhot at point-blank. 



Broad Sound, in Geography, is the opening from the S.W. 

 into the roads and harbours of the Scilly iflands. In this 

 found there is good anchorage, when St. Mary's ifland on 

 the E. S. E. and Samfon illand to the W.N.W. and the S. 

 point of Trefco ifland on the N. are nearly at the fame 

 dillancc of about a mile. — Alfo, a found in the N.W. point 

 of France, called by the French " PatTage de Liroife," 

 lying between Point de Sant and the ifland of Ufliant, and 

 extending to fea about 5 leagues from St. Matthew's point. 

 — Alfo, a found on the coaft of Norway, between which and 



B R O 



the north pJirt of Stadland are Flowack ifland^.— Alfo, tho 

 fouu'.! which is the entrance into Bofton harbour from the 

 N. E. in adircft Ime for Nick's Mate ifland — .\lfo, afouml- 

 in the South Pacific ocean, on the eall coaft of New Holl.md, 

 within the bay of Inlets, having cape Palmerfton for its N.W. 

 entrance. It is feparatcd from I'hirlly found by an ifland 

 lyng in the dirtClion of S. S. E. and S. called Long 

 ifland. S. lat. zi-" 30' to 21° 50'. E. long. 149° 20'. 



Broad^^hVj' Pier, hes within the bight of the point be- 

 tween the north Foreland and Ramfgate, aud nearly at weft; 

 from the Foreland. 



V>v.o^^D Jlone, in Building, a fpecies of free-ftone, thus de- 

 nominated becaufe it is raifed broad and thin out of the 

 quarries ; or not exceeding two or three inches in thicknefs ; 

 chiefly ufed for paving. 



lij^o xvi-irhceled JVaggnn. Sec Waggon. 

 BROAD-worm, in Zoology, fynonymous with /um '/vVj/x lalus 

 of old writers. See Taenia, and Tape-worm. 



BROADALBIN, in Geography, a town fl\ip of America,- 

 in Montgomery county. New York ;. containing, by the 

 ftate-cenfui, of 1796, 277 inhabitants, who are eleflor?. 



BROADLEY, a town of Poland, in the principality of 

 Bclez : 4S milts E. of Bele/.. 



BROBACH, a town of Germany, in the circle of the^ 

 Lower Rhine, and chftorate of Treves ; 15 miles S.E. of 

 Treves. 



BROCADE, in Commeree, a fort of (luff, or cloth of 

 gold, filver, or filk, railed and enriched with ffo^trs, foli-- 

 ages, or other figures, according to the fancy of the manu 

 fafturer. 



Formerly, the term was reftrained to cloths woven either 

 wholly of gold, both of woof and warp, or of filver, or of 

 both together; but by degrees it came hkewife to pafs for 

 fuch as had filk intermixed, to fill up and terminate the 

 flowers of gold and filver. At prefent, any ftuff of fiik,. 

 fatin, or even fimple taffety, when wrcught and enriched 

 with the flowers, &c. obtains the denomination of bro-- 

 cade. 



lu the manufafturc of brocades, the flatted gilt wire is fpun. 

 in threads of yellow filk, approaching as nearly as poffiblc to 

 the colour of gold itfilf. The wire, winding off from abobin, 

 twills about the thread as it fpins round, and by means of. 

 curious machinery, a number of threads are thus twifted at- 

 once by the turning of one wheel. The piincipal art con- 

 fifts in fo regulating the motion, that the feveral circumvo- 

 lutions of the flatted wire in each thread may juft touch one 

 another, and feem, as it were, one continued covering. At 

 Milan, it is faid, there is made a fort of flatted wire, gilt only 

 on one fide, which is wound upon the thread, fo that only 

 the gilt fide appears ; the preparation of this wire is kept a 

 fecret, and has been attempted in other places with little 

 fuccefs. There is alfo a gilt copper wire, made in the fame 

 manner as the gilt filver. Savary obferves, that this kind of 

 wire, called falfe gold, is prepared chiefly at Nuremberg ; 

 and that the ordinances of France require it to be fpun, for 

 its diftinflion from the gilt filver, on flaxen or hempen 

 threads. The Chinefe, inftead of flatted gilt wire, ufe flips 

 of gilt paper, which they both interweave in their ftnfts, and- 

 twill upon filk threads ; but whatever be the pretended 

 beauty of the fluff's of this kind of manufaiture, it is obvious 

 that they mull want durability : accordingly, the Chinefe 

 themfelves, as we learn from Du Halde, fenfible of this ini- 

 perfeftion, fcarcely ufe them any otherwife than in tapeltries,- 

 and fuch other ornaments as are not intended to be much, 

 worn or expofed to moillure. 



The Venetians have carried on a large trade, to the 

 Levant, in a kind of brocade called damafqueie, which, 



though 



