B R O 



B R O 



xvliicK fets up foiuh from Charles river, and forms a pcniu- 

 fula of Boilon. This town fiippHts Bofton witli vegetables, 

 and it is the place whither perfons of fortune retire from 

 public life. — Alfo, a towndiip in King's county. New York, 

 on the weft end of Long ifland, containing 160,9 inbabitants, 

 of whom 405 are flaves, and 2 2 4are eleftors, by the ftatecenfus 

 of 1796. In this place are a prefbytcrian church, a Dutch 

 reformed church, a powder magazine, and fonie elegant 

 houfes lying chiefly in one ftrect. It is feparated from New 

 York by Eaft river, which is nearly a mile broad ; and forms 

 an agreeable objetl from the city. — Alio, a townftilp in 

 Wyndham county, Connefticut, about 20 miles N. of Nor- 

 wich. 



BROOM, in Botany. See Genista and Spartium. 



Broom, African. See Aspalathus. 



Broom, Butchers. See Ruscus Aculeatus. 



3koom ■JJo'u.'er, in Heralilry, the denomination of an order, 

 jnllituted by St. Louis king of France, in the year 12.24, 

 on occafion of the coronation of his queen Margaret, eldell 

 daughter of Raymond Berengarius, count of Provence. 

 The habit of the knights was a cloak of white damafl-c, with 

 a violet-coloured hood. The collar was a gold chain of 

 broom-flowers, enamelled proper, interlaced with lozenges 

 of gold and flower-de-lis, pendent therefrom, a crofs flory, 

 with this infcription " Exaltat Humiles ;" the founder 

 accounting the broom the fymbol of humility. Their num- 

 ber was at the fovereign's pleafure, and this order continued 

 till the death of king Charles V . 



Broom-^^//, in Entomology. See Galls of the Broom. 



BaoOM-Zoi-A, or lake, in Geography, an extenfive fait- water 

 lake, or arm of the fea, on the north-weft fide of the county 

 of Rofs in Scotland, famous for its excellent herrings. On 

 this lake is the village of Ullapool. 



'Stf.oovi-rape, in Botany. See Orobanche. 



Broom alfo denotes a well known houfehold befom, or im- 

 plement wherewith to fweep away dirt, dufl;, and the like : 

 thus we fay, a birch-broom, a hair-broom, a rufti-broom, a 

 heath-broom. The primitive kind of brooms, from whence 

 the denomination is given to all the reft, was made of the 

 genlfla, or wild broom, growing on commons. 



BROOME,William, inBlography, a native of"Chefiiire, 

 was educated upon the foundation at Eton, but failing of a 

 vacancy in a fcholarfhip at King's college, though he was 

 captain of the fchool for a whole year, he was fuperannuated, 

 and fent to St. John's college by th« affiftance of friends, 

 where he obtained a fmall exhibition. He appeared in the 

 -world at an early period as a tranflator of the Iliads into 

 profe, in conjunftion with Ozell and Oldifworth, a tranfla- 

 tion, which, though now forgotten, was, in Toland's opi- 

 nion, fuperior to that of Pope. After his introduftion to 

 Mr. Pope, he was employed by him to make extracts from 

 Euftathius for the notes to the tranflation of the Iliad ; and 

 in Pope's Mifcellanies, many of his early pieces were inferted. 

 When the fuccefs of the Iliad gave encouragement to a ver- 

 Jion of the Odyffey, Pope called Fenton and Broome to his 

 affiftance ; taking half the work upon himfeif, and afliigning 

 the other half to his coadjutors, four books being allotted to 

 Tenton, and eight to Broome. To the lot of Broome fell 

 the 2d, 6th, 8th, nth, 12th, i6th, i8th, and23d; toge- 

 ther with all the notes. The ftipulated pecuniary recom- 

 pence of Broome was 500!. together with copies amounting 

 to the value of about lool. more. Fenton, it is faid, was to 

 receive jool. for his four books. This difproportionate 

 <iiItribution of recoinpence offended Broome, and produced 

 a mifunderftaiiding between him and his employer. He re- 

 prelent-cd Pope as avaricious, and Pope purfued him with 

 avowed hollility. Among other difrefpe&ful reflexions in 



the Dunciad and the Bathos, he reckons Broome among 

 " tiie parrots who repeat another's words, in fuch a hoarfc odd 

 tone, as makes them fcem their own." It is faid that llKy 

 were afterwards reconciled ; but they never became friuids. 

 Mr. Broome publiflicd a mifcellany of poems, but never 

 acquired any very high dignity in the church. Whilll he 

 was redor of Sturfton in Suffolk, he married a rich widow ; 

 and in 1728, on the king's vifit to Cambridge, he obtained 

 the title of LL.D. In 1773, '^^ "'^^ prefcntcd by the 

 crown to the rcftory of Pnlham in Norfolk, which he held 

 with Oakley Magna, in Suffolk, given to him by lord Corn- 

 wallis, together with the vicarage of Eye in Suffolk : he 

 then refigncd Pulham, and retained the other two prefer- 

 ments. Towards the clofe of his life, he amufed himfclf 

 with tranflating odes of Anacreon, which he publifhtd in the 

 Gentleman's Magazine, under the name of Chefter. He 

 died at Bath, Nov. 16th 1745, and was buried in the abbey- 

 church. Johnfon's Lives. 



BROOMING, or Breaming of a Jliip, the burning off 

 the filth file has contraded on her fides with ilraw, reeds, 

 broom, or the like, when ihe is on a careen, or on the ground. 

 See Careining. 



BROONS, in Geography, a town of France, in the dc- 

 partment of the Northern coafls, and chief place of a can- 

 ton, in the diftrift of Dinan ; 3^ leagues S. W. of Dinan. 

 The place contains 2,001, and the canton 11,823 inhabi- 

 tants; the territory includes 220 kiliometres and 10 com- 

 munes. 



BROOTZI, a town of Siberia; 48 miles N. W. of 

 Tomfli. 



BROOZENKOWA, a town of Poland, in the palatinate 

 of Podolia ; 32 miles N. E. of Kaminiec. 



BROQIJIES, a town of France, in the department -of 

 the Aveyron, and diftrift of St. Afrique, feated on the Tarn ; 

 7 leagues S. of Rhodez. 



BRORA, a fea port town on the eaft coaft of Scotland, 

 in the county of Sutherland ; near it is a coal-mine, the coals 

 of which are faid to take fire on being expofed to the air-; 

 here is likewife a quarry of lime-ftones, interfperfed with a 

 variety of (hells ; ro miles N.N.E of Dornock. 



Brora, a river of Scotland, which paffes through a lake 

 of the fame name, in the county of Sutherland, and runs into 

 the fea at the town of Brora. 



BRORE, a river of Germany, which difcharges itfelf into 

 the Meufe, about a league below Maeftricht. 



BROS, a royal free town of Tranfylvania, feated onthe 

 Maros ; the capital of a tribunal of the fame name, in a fer- 

 tile country, the inhabitants of which diftinguifh themfelvas 

 by their flcill in agriculture. By an infcription on one of 

 the gates, addreffed to the emperor Trajan, it appears to have 

 been a Roman colony. 



BROSCHAN, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Leit- 

 meritz ; 4 miles S. of Leitmeritz. 



BROSCHI, in Biography. See Farinello. 

 BROSELEY, in Geography, z large, populous village of 

 Shropfliire, England, is rendered remarkable from a pheno- 

 menon which occurred here at the beginning of the lall cen- 

 tury. Beneath the furface of the earth is a continued bed 

 of coal, which is dug, and appropriated on the fpot to va- 

 rious iron forges, potteries, S:c. and great quantities of it are 

 fent to difFernt towns by means of the Severn which divides 

 this parifh from Colebrook dale. In the year 177 i, it was 

 difcovered that a vapour which aroie from a well or pit, 

 would take fire upon being condenfed in a tube, and ignited 

 by flame. This circumllance excited great curiofity, and 

 many perfons came from different parts of the country to 

 witnefs the burning well, as rt was called, A gentleman 

 3 C 2 wrote 



