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wrote an account of it for the Philofophical Tranfaftions, 

 anJ further onrtic.ilars were publifhcd in the Cntleman's 

 Magazine, vol. xxv. p. 30 j. It contimieJ to burn for fome 

 trne, till the proprietor of (he land having funk a coal pit 

 i;. the i;nmeJiate vicinitr, thereby deftroycd the operating 

 caiife. The parilh of Biofely contains 1031 houfcs, and 

 4« ^z inhabitants. It is 146 miles N. W. from London. 



BROSIMUM, in Botany, (from ^fxa-ifto;. latable). 

 S\v.irt/.. Prod. 12. Schrcb. I4«6. Gmchn Syft. Nat. Mar- 

 tyn's Miller. Bofc. Clafs, dioccia mor.andr'm. Gen. Char. 

 1. Stamcniferoiis flowers. Cal. ament common, globular, 

 covered on all fides with imbricated, circular, ptltate, mcm- 

 branaeeous, deciduous fcales ; three larger, furroui.din.g the 

 bafe of the ament ; the others fmallor, of an irregular form, 

 between each of which the llamens break out. Cor. none. 

 Suim. filaments folitary, very (liort, round ; anthers bilamel- 

 latc ; lamellas circular, peltate, the lower dehifccnt from the 

 upper ; pollen globular. Pljl. germ at the top. Included 

 in a fpongy ament, very fmall, ov.ite, abortive. Style one, 

 e-ei5l, bilid at the lummit. Stigmas rcfif xcd, fimple. 2. Pif- 

 tilliferous flowers on a different tree. Cal. ament like the 

 former. Cor. none. PijL germ globular, (the fcaly body 

 of the ament itfelf). Siyh- rifing from the middle of the 

 perm at top, long, bifid. Slignun fimple, acute, a little re- 

 flexed. Pericarp, beriT pedicelled, fpherical, one-celled. 

 S td folilar)-, with a two-lobed kernel, furruunded by a thin 

 membrane and bipartite. 



Efl". Char. Ament globular, covered all round with cir- 

 cular peltate fcales. Cur. none. FUam. fohtary, between 

 the fcales. Style bifid. Berry one-feeded. 



Sp. 1. B. Alicajlrum. Brown, Jam. " Leaves ovate, 

 lanceolate, perennial ; aments folitary ; fruit corticofe." A 

 tree making about one-third part of the woods in fome 

 parts of Jamaica. Its wood is not defpicable, and its leaves 

 and younger branches are a fattening fodder for all forts of 

 cattle, its fruit, when roafted, eats like a chefnut, and is 

 called bread-nut ; and when boiled with falt-fifli, pork, beef, 

 or pickle, is a vvholefome and not unpleafant food. Its 

 leaves and younger branches are full of gum, which renders 

 them difagreeable to cattle at firft, but of which they foon 

 become fond. 2. B.j//)an'um. Brown, Jam. " Leaves lanceo- 

 late-ovate, acuminate; aments ovate, in pairs; fruit foft." 

 A timber tree in Jamaica, called milk-wood, but not much 

 valued. 



Ohf. Swartz's defcription of the germ and fruit is very 

 obfcure ; that given by Bofc, though not eafily reconciled 

 with it, is more inieUigible. " Flowers united in a globular 

 ament, corapoled of peltate fcales, each of which, in the 

 barren plants, covers a ftamen, and in the fertile ones, a 

 germ with a bifid ftyle, without either calyx or corolla." 

 Trjit a one-feeded drupe. 



BROSME, in Ichthyology, a fpecies of Gadus, that in- 

 habits the fouthern ftas of Greenlani The mouth is 

 bearded ; tail oval, and pointed. Miill. ■ 



Brosme is alfo a fyuonymous name of coryphana riipcjlris. 

 Egede Groin!. 



BROSNA, in Geography, a river of Ireland, which iffues 

 from Lough-Hoyle in the county of Weftmeath ; and foon 

 after paffes through Lough Ennel ; on leaving which it runs 

 fouthward into the King's county, and joins the Shannon, 

 about three miles above Banagher. 



Brosna, Little, a river which forms, for many miles, the 

 fouthern boundary of the King's cou"iy, and flows into the 

 Shannon, about four miles below Banagher. 



BROSSAC, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Charente, and chief place of a canton, in the diilrift of Bar- 

 bezieux ; lo miles S.S.E. of Barbezieus, The place con- 



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tains loi;, and the canton 48S7 inhabitants : the territory 

 comprehe:ids 150 kiliometres, and 13 communes. 



CROSS/EA, in Botimy, (from 'Guv d"e la BrofTe, for- 

 merly intendant of the royal garden at Pari&). Linn. gen. 

 122Q. Spec. Plant. Sup. Rtich :6i. Schreb. ,330. 

 Juff. i6j. Willd. 375. La Maick 111. 316. Nat. Ord. 

 licornes ? Erice, JulT. Clafs, pcntandria monogyma. Gen, 

 Char. Cal. one-leafed, five-parted ; fegments oblong, acu- 

 minate, ered, the length of the corolla. Cor. inoiiopetalons, 

 truncated at the end, entire, or crenukte. Stam. five, in- 

 cluded in the corolla. Pift. germ fuperior ? pentagonal ; 

 ftyle awl-dinped, (horttr than the corolla ; ftigma fin, pie. 

 Pericarp, capfule roundifli, five-furrowed, five-Celled, covered 

 with the calyx, which is now enlarged, converging, and 

 flediy, opening at the fides. Seeds numerous, very fmall. 



EfT. Char. Calyx flcfliy, five-parted. Cor. truncated. 

 Cap/, five-celled, many-feeded. 



Sp. B. coccinea, Linn. " Shrubby, with a fcarlet ilower 

 and black fruit," Plum. A fiirub three or four feet hi^h. 

 Root branched ; leaves alternate, petioled, (harply ovate, 

 nightly toothed, fmooth, pale green ; Jlowers m racemes at 

 the end of the branches, alternate, pcduncled, with two 

 bractes about the middle of the peduncles. 



BROSSARD, in Biography, pradlifed furgery many years 

 at Chatre, in the early part of the lad century. He had the 

 merit of reviving the praftice of ufing agaric in flopping he- 

 morrhages, after amputatio-ns, which had been difcontinued. 

 Though that fungus does not poflTefs the powers he attribu- 

 ted to it, and mull not be depended on, in flopping the 

 bleeding of large veflels, yet in preventing the effufion of 

 blood, from the fmaller arteries, it is of acknowledged utility. 

 He was rewarded by Lewis XV. with a penfion, for divulg- 

 ing the fecret, in a flioit memoir, publifiied on the fubjedt, 

 in 1757. Haller. Bib. Chirur. Eloy. Did. Hifl. 



Brossard, Sebastian, author of the firft mufical dic- 

 tionary publifhed in a modern language, and which has been 

 of fingular ufe to fubfequent mufical lexicographers, par- 

 ticularly to GrafTineau, and Jean Jaques Roulfeau. Indeed 

 mufical hiflorians would be ungrateful not to acknowledge, 

 that the numerous lift of writers on the fubjedl of mufic, 

 ancient and modern, whence he drew his materials, and 

 which he hasinferted at the end of his work, has not opened 

 to them fubjeifls of inquiry, and fources of information. 

 And we think with M. Fiamery, that Roufleau has treated 

 this intelligent and zealous writer unworthily, in accufing 

 him of pubhfliing an Italian diflionary, with a French title. 

 When the fecond edition of Broflard was publiftied in 1702, 

 the French mufical tcchnica was infufficient, alone, to fur- 

 nifli a book ; nor could their explanation be much wanted, 

 while taken from the current language of the country. Brof- 

 fard muft be allowed to have marked out the road for Rouf- 

 feau to ptirfue, which, with his impreffive eloquence, he has 

 certainly rendered more flowery and pleafant. 



Honeft Walther, in 1732, has been more juft to his pro- 

 totype in his German mufical lexicon ; where there is a 

 greater extent of mufical information than in any book of 

 the fize that we have met with. 



The French biographers inform us that Broflard, born 

 1660, was a canon of the cathedral of Meaux, who excelled 

 in knowledge of the theory of mufic. The writings which 

 he pubHflied on the fubjeft were all well received ; particu- 

 larly a mufical dictionary, which was of great fervice to 

 J. J. Roufleau, in furnifliing him with the greateft part of 

 the materials for his mufical articles in the Encyclopedic, 

 which he afterwards coUedled, and formed into a volume. 



Mr. Grafiineau might, without excelfive humility, have 

 called his mufical didliona:ry a tranflation. We know the 



pains, 



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