B R U 



doiT, liis nativf city, and lu conliniicd in that office to llie 

 time of his death, October ij, 1709. Ctliics liis foni- 

 militaries upon many pnrls of tlie works of Hippocrates, 

 aid his cd'lioii of the Ifago^je mtdica of Gafpar llofrnian, 

 baino pubhihci " Oratio dc Vita, Moribiis, ct Sciiplis 

 (iafp. Hotlinanni, Lipli." 1664, 121110. " Dogmata iVIe- 

 dicinx generaiia in ordinem iioviter rcdacta," Noi ib. 1^7°' 

 t<vo. "Cailcllus reiiov:ilus, hoc ell, Lexicon Mediciim eor- 

 rcdiim et amplificatuKi," if-Si, 4to. The addi;ii,n3 to 

 this work are numerous and vaUiable, and the vohime, fo 

 i:nprovid, has been frequently rspriiited. " ManlKFa No- 

 menolatiirx Mediesc hexaglottx ; Vocabula Latina Ordinc 

 alphabetico, cum annexis Arahicis, Hcbrais, Grxcis, Gal- 

 licis et Itahcis prreponentis," Noribergs: \6Sz, 4to. "Epi- 

 tome, Elementa vera: Medicini complcCtcns," Ah. l6y6, 

 8vo. " Moiiita ct porifmata Mediciiix mifccllanea," ib:d. 

 1698.410. His fon Frederic Jamis, born at Altdorf in 166J, 

 following the Heps of iiis father, was made doctor in medi- 

 cine at the univeifity there, in 1697, and praftifed in that 

 art with conliderablc credit, to the time of his death, 1727. 

 Hatler Bib. Eloy. Did. Hift. 



Bruno, in Geography, a river of Italy, which run? into the 

 lake of Caftiglione, near Buriano, in the duchy of Tufcany. 



BRUNOR, Buffon, in Ornithology. See LoxiA Bico- 

 LOR, or orange-bellied grolbeak. 



BRUNOY, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Seine and Oife, and diltridl of Corbeil ; 2 

 Ic.-ignes N. of Coibcil. 



BRUNSBERG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 

 Weftphalia, belonp-ing to the order of Corvey ; 4 miles W. 

 N. W. of Hoxter.'' 



BRUNSBUTTLE, a fea-port town of Germany, fub- 

 jeft to Denmark, in the circle of Lower Saxony, and duchy 

 of Holftein, on the north fide of the Elbe ; 40 miles N. W. 

 of Hamburg. N. lat. 44° 30'. E. long. 8° 42'. 



BRUNSFELS, Otho, in Biography, a celebrated re- 

 florer and improver of botany, was born at Mentz, the end 

 of the 15th century. He received his education at Solmes, 

 a town in that neighbourhood ; and having taken tlie degree 

 of mailer of aits, entered a monallery of Carthafmns at 

 Mentz, where he refided fome years. Embracing at length 

 the tenets of Luther, he left the monallery, and went to Straf- 

 burg, and opened a fchool for tlie inilruclion of youth. In 

 this employment, undertaken to procure a maintenance, he 

 continued nine years, reading, during the vacations, the 

 Greek, Arabic, and Latin writers on medicine ; in which 

 he became fo expert, that in the year 1531, he was enabled 

 to publiJli new editions of the works of Serapion, Averhoes, 

 and Rhazes. He had the preceding year taken his degree 

 of doftor in medicine at Bade. Soon after, he fettled at 

 Berlin, and was made phyfician to that city, where lie died 

 on the loth of November 15.34. Whilll at Straihurg, he 

 publifhcd two fmall traits to facilitate the Iludy of grammar 

 to children, annotations on the gofpcis, and on the ails of 

 the apollks, and an anfwer to Erafmus's Spongia, in de- 

 fence of Hutten. The following arc the principal of his 

 botanical and medical works, " Cat.ilogusilhiflrium Medi- 

 corum," 4to. 15,50. *' Herbarum viva: icones, ad Naturx 

 imitationem, fumma cum dihgcntia et artilicio efficiatac, cum 

 effedlibus earnndem," fol. vol. iii. ly^o, 15,31, 1536. The 

 p'ates are much commended by Hailer, who, on account 

 of this work, ranks the author among the reilorers of bo- 

 tany. " Theft"!, feu communes loci totius Mcdicinse, 

 etiam dc ufu Pharmacorum, Argentina:," 1532, 8vo. 

 " Onomailicon Mcdicina:, nomina conlinens omnium llir- 

 pium, &c. Argent." »534< folio. F)r his great fl<ill in 

 medicine, he was thought liefervijig of the following : 

 I 



B R U 



" Te nnto, defunfla fi.re niedicina revixit r 

 Pieonii vindex U' minis liiius eras." 

 Adrimi Vilx Medic. German. Hailer Bib. botan. 



BRUNSFELSIA, in Botany. See Brunfelsia. 



BRUNSTATT, in Geography, a town of France, in. 

 the department of the Upper Rhine, and diilrict of Alt- 

 kireh j 7 miles N. of Aliknch. 



BRUNSTEIN, a mountainous bailiwick of Germany, 

 in the principality of Caknbtrg, lying on the Lrine and 

 Ruhme, and comprehending 6 villages. ' The chief trade of 

 the inhabitants confifts of thread and linen. 



BRUNSVIGL'\, (Heill ), in Bola-.iy. See Amaryllis 



Or IF. NT A LIS. 



BRUNSWICK, duchy of, in Geography, is a dillria of 

 Germany, in the ciicle of Lower Saxony, bounded on the 

 north by the duchy of Lunenburg, on the ea(l, by the 

 duchy of Magdeburg and the principalities of Anhalt and 

 Halberltadt, on the I'outh, by Thuringia and Hcife, and on 

 the well, by the principality of Minden, and county of 

 Lippe, or by the circle of Weftphalia, from which it is fe- 

 parated by the river Weftr. Its capital is Brunfwick. The 

 territory of the duke of Brunfwick, commonly called the 

 principality of Wolfenbuttle, from a lefs important town 

 than Brunfwick, includes 1472 fquare miles, and 170,000, 

 or, as fome fay, 185,000 inhabitants. It is fertile in' corn 

 and paftures, and abounds with mines and game : it has alfo 

 fcveral medicinal fprings and extenfive foreils ; but its ma- 

 nufatlures and commerce, which were once flourilhing, 

 have fullained confideiable injury by the German wars of 

 the 17th century. Its principal rivers are the Wefer, Ocker, 

 Lcync, Ilmenau, and Viper. The territories belonging to 

 the houfe of Brunfwick extend far beyond the limits of this 

 duchy, and comprehend, befidcs Wolfenbuttle, Grubenha- 

 gen, Calenberg, and Gottingen, the principalities and 

 duchies of Lunenburg, Hanover, Zell, Ultzen, Danneberg, 

 Marpuy, GifThorn, Eirabeck, and Hamelen, which fee re- 

 fpeftively. 



Brunswick, a city of Germany, in the circle of Lower 

 Saxony, and dillrift of Wolfenbuttle. It is the capital of 

 the preceding duchy, and the refidenoe of the prince, to 

 whom it belongs, and who is ufually ilyled the " duke of 

 Brunfwick and Wolfenbuttle." The town is fituated in a 

 plain, on the banks of the Ocker, which enters the plain by 

 two branches, but within it, feparates into a greater num- 

 ber of dreams, that unite again at its ilTue out of the city. 

 It is accordingly divided into five different parts, called the 

 Old Town, the New Town, the Hagen or Burg, the Old 

 Wieck, and the Sack. The form of the town is nearly 

 fquare, and its extent about 2 miles in circumference. The 

 houfes in general are old, and conflrufted of wood ; but 

 many new buildings have been lately erefted, and the city 

 is every day acquiri;;g frefh beauty. It has feveral churches, 

 one of which is for the accommodation of the Lutheran 

 worfhip, which is the prevalent religion of the place, and 

 others appropriated to the French and Dutch calviniils, and 

 to the Roman catholics. Among the public buildings, we 

 may reckon the prince's palace, to which is annexed a li- 

 brary, containing a curious colleftion of fcarce and curious 

 bibles, or fragments of bibles in fcveral languages, to the 

 number of above loco volumes ; the academy for martial 

 exercifes ; the armoury ; the Caroline college founded b v duke 

 Charles, and erciled in i74i;;theopera-houfe; theplay-houfe; 

 the " packhofe" where all goods, imported or exported, art; 

 rated and taxed ; the council-houfe where the magiftrates 

 meet; the " Autorkof," affigned in 168 1 to the foreign 

 dealers, at the fair, for the fecnrity and more convenient 

 fale of their goods; the mint; the work-houfe or houfe of 



corredion ; - 



