BUB 



BUANES, a town of Fiance, in the department of 

 Lardes ; <; miles W. of Aire. 



BUARCOS, or Buargas, a town of Portugal on the 

 fea coaft, in the province of Bcira ; 7 leagues S.W. of 

 Coimbra. 



ISUARID, a fmall ifland in the Red fea, near the coaft 

 of Arabia, 4 miles W. of Lohcia. 



BUBALE, in Zooh^y. SeeBuBALUs. 



BUBALINUS Serpens, a name aifigncd by fome au- 

 thors to the yliuicaiulaya of the Ceylonele, a very terrible 

 fort of fcrpeut, according to nport, common in that part 

 of the world. It is moll mifchii.vous among cattle, a cir- 

 cumllance implied by the name it bears in India. The par- 

 ticular kind of ferptnt bearing this name is not exadly 

 kQOvvn to us. 



BUBALUS, the Bujah. Gmtlin defcribes this ani- 

 mal, Bos Bubalus, after Linnsus, as having tt'.e horns re- 

 fupinate, or lying backwards, turned inwards, and fldt on 

 the front, or anterior pait. 



The Buffalo appears to be fo clofcly allied to our com- 

 mon ox, that without an attentive examination it might 

 be ealily millaken for a variety of that animal. In point of 

 fize it is rather fuperior to the ox, and upon an accurate 

 infpeAion it is obfcrved to differ in the rtiape and magnitude 

 of the head, the latter being larger than in the ox; the 

 forehead is more elevated, the muzzle of a longer forr.-i, 

 much larger, fqiare, and Icfs dtpreffed. But it is cliiefly 

 by the ItruClure of the horns that the Buffalo is dillin- 

 guidied, thefc being of a (hape and curvature altogether 

 different from thofe of the ox : they are of a gigantic fize 

 in proportion to the bulk of the animal, and of a comprcffed 

 or deprcffcd form, with a fliarp exterior edge ; for a confi- 

 dcrable length from their bafe thcie horns are IL alght, and 

 then bend flightly upwards : the prevailing colour of them 

 is dulky, or nearly black. The buffalo has no dewlap : 

 his tail is fmall, and deltitute of vertebrae near the extre- 

 mity, and his ea:s long and pointed. The teats of the 

 buffalo, which are four in number, Defmtfne conceives to 

 be fufBciently indicative of this fpecics, witliout adverting 

 to any other charaArr ; for theft, he remarks, are not dif- 

 pofedj as in other animals, in two longitudinal parallel line?, 

 but on the contrary range in a fingle row in a tranfverfe di- 

 reftion. 



This animal has an appearance of uncommon firergth. 

 The bulk of his body, and prodigious mufcular limbs, de- 

 note his force at the lirfl view. His af'pedf. is ferocious and 

 malignant, at the fame time that his phyfiognomy is ftrongly 

 marked with features of ilupidity : his head is of a pon- 

 derous fize, his forehead convex, his eyes diminutive, and 

 his muzzle flat, and what ftrve to render his v lage flill 

 more lavage are the tults of frizzled hair which hang down 

 from his cheeks arid the lower part of his muzzle. 



Mofl commonly the buffalo is entirely of a blackifh 

 colour with the exception of the hair at the top of the fort- 

 head, and the tuft at the extremity of the tail, which are of 

 a yellowiih white colour. The ilcin itfelf is alfo of a black 

 colour, and from tliis general call it is but very fcldum 

 obferved to vary ; though we meet with drfcrlptions in tfie 

 works of travellers of white, grey, and redddh, or bay buf- 

 faloes. In Europe they are, however, fomctimes wl'.iiifh 

 on the infides of the limbs, and Sonnini records an example 

 of one which he faw in Egypt, which had all the legs, belly, 

 and fidts, perftftly white. It varies, however, greatly as 

 to the length and thicknefs of its hair, and is fometimes feeu 

 ueariy naked. 



This animal is originally a native of the hotter parts of 

 India and Africa, from whence it is Had to have Ijeen in- 



VOL. V. 



BUB 



troduced into Italy in the feventh century ; and is now com- 

 pletely naturalized to the climate of the South of Europe. 

 Mr. Pennant fuppofcs the IW.i a.yc_m of Ariflotic to have 

 meant buffaloes. Gmelin is of the fame opinion, referring 

 for his Bubalus to Bos; a'^^io. U 'A.;xx^ioi;. Jrijl. Hift. An. 

 SiC. ; and he conliders alfo the Bos Imliciis of Pliny as the 

 fame animal. Tliis conjcdure has the fandtion of much re- 

 fpeClable authority, but there are naturalills of no mean 

 celebrity who are difpofcd to difcountenance it. Bnffon 

 endeavours to prove that the annnal v\c are acquainted with 

 at this day under the name of buffalo, was altogether un- 

 known to the ancient Greeks or Romans ; and further, that 

 the bi;ffal.) was not tranfported from its native countries, the 

 hotted parts of Africa and the Indies, to be naturalized in 

 Italy, belorethe ftventh century. In fupport of the former of 

 tliefe affertions, he adduces the iiler.ce of all authors prior to 

 that age. For the I'econd, he obfervcs that the wild buffaloes 

 of the hotter parts of Afia and Africa are precifely of the 

 fame khid as our buffalo. He compares the dcfcriptlon of 

 this animal with the rcinarks ci travellers and navigators who 

 have fpoken of th.e buffaloes of Perfia and the Mogul empire, 

 Bengal, Egypt, Guinea, and the Cape of Good Hope ; 

 and from this comparifon infers that in all thofe countries 

 the buffalo is of the fame individual fpecits as our European 

 buffalo, fuhjtCi only to fome inconfiderable variation. 



The buflalo grows in fome countries to an extremely 

 large fize. Mr. Pennant quotes a pair of horns in the Bri- 

 tilli Mufeum in proof of this, which are fix feet and a half 

 long, and the hollow of which will hold five quarts. Jerom 

 Lobo, in his account of AbyfTmia, affirms that fome of the 

 horns of the buffaloes of that country will hold ten quarts, 

 and Dillon faw fome in India which were ten feet long : 

 they are fometimes wrinkled, but generally fmooth. The 

 dillance between the points of the two herns of the buffalo is 

 commonly about five feet. Wild buffaloes occur in many 

 parts of Africa and India. In Malabar, and the iflands of 

 Borneo and Ceylon, they are abundant, and are confidered 

 as excefhvely fierce and dangerous animals. The buffaloes 

 of Abyffuiia grow to twice the fize of our largelt oxen, 

 and are called elephant-bulls, not only on account of their 

 vail fize, but from their naked black fkin rtfembliug that of 

 an elephant. 



In a tfate of wildncfs the buffaloes live in the forefts, 

 and t;o about in great troops. The hunting of thefe ani- 

 mals is a favourite, but very dangerous purfuit, among the 

 Indians, and requires the greatell fi-.are of dtxterity. The 

 hunters never venture in any numbers to oppofe thcfe fero- 

 cious animals face to face, but conceal themfelves in the 

 thickets, or among the branches of the trees, from whence 

 they flrike their javelins upon the buflfaloes as they pafs 

 below them. Thefe people are very fond of the flefb, 

 which is affirmed by fome to be hard and indifferently fla- 

 voured. They drive a confiderable trade in the fkins and 

 horns of the buffalo, which for many purpofes is far more 

 nlcful than thofe of the ox. In the Mogul dominions it 

 is no uncommon circumftaiice to enfnaie the wild buffalo, 

 the lion, or the tiger, in nets, when the people amufe 

 themfelves before they put them to death by forcing them 

 to combat each other, and it is faid that inllances have oc- 

 curred in \\hicli the buffalo has proved victorious over thefe 

 powerful antagonills, by attacking one when he had over- 

 come the other. Thunberg, in his travels through Japan, 

 fpeaks of having fecn, in the environs of iSIiaco, bufi'aloes 

 with a hunch upon the tack ; but from this peculiarity it 

 has been thought molt Ikely that it was the Zebu which 

 that traviller oblervid, and not a variety i<f the buffalo. 



The doniefiic bi:flalo is much cultivated in Egypt, where 

 J K accord'' r 



