B U. D 



This city was the rcfidence of the Hungarian monarchs, 

 till i: was taken by the Turks, under the fiiltan Solyman, 

 in 1526 ; but though they were difpoflVflcd of it the next 

 year by Ferdinand, archduke of Aullria, they recos-ercd it 

 again in 1529. Althougli it was afterwards frequently be- 

 licged, it continued under the dominion of the Turks till the 

 year 16S6, when it was befiegcd and taken, after an obfti- 

 nate refiftance and grca't flaua;hter, by the duke of Lorrain. 

 From this time it has remained under the dominion of the 

 houfe of Aullria. In 1784, the feat of the provincial go- 

 vernment, and the public ofiices, weie reftored from Pref- 

 burg to Buda; and, therefore, this city, joined with Pefth, 

 may ftill be regarded as the capital of Hungary. The po- 

 pulation of Buda is ellimated at 20,000 ; but if Pefth be 

 included, it may be computed at 34,000. Dr. Townfon, 

 (Travels in Hungary, 4to. 1796.) flates it at 38,000. The 

 univerfity of Buda, as we are informed by this traveller, pof- 

 felFcs an income of about 20,ocol. llerling, of which only 

 ^oools. are applied towards paying the falaries of the profef- 

 fors. Befidcs the ufual cliairs which exill in every univer- 

 fity, there are thofe of natural hillory, botany, and econo- 

 my. The inftruments for natural philofophy, and the mo- 

 dels of machines are good ; and the nuifenm of natural hif- 

 tory, which contains the collection of the late profelTor Fil- 

 ler, befides that of the univerfity, may be ranked among the 

 ftne colletlions of Europe. Buda is dillant i 25 miles E.S.E. 

 from Vienna, and 15° N. N.W. from Belgrade. N. lat. 

 47^30'. E. long. 19° 10'. 



Buda, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of Wilna ; 

 80 miles E. of Wilna. 



BUDjEUS, William, in Biography, one of the moll 

 learned men of the 15th century, and a defccndant of an 

 ancient and honourable family, was born at Paris, in 1467 ; 

 and having paffed through the grammar fchools at Paris, and 

 having fpent three years at Orleans, in the ftudy of the law, 

 to little or no pnrpole, he conceived a difgufi: at the preva- 

 lent barbariim of literature, and devoted himfelf wholly to 

 youthful pleafurcs. At length, however, he was feized v.itli 

 an ardent pafiion for literary purfuits, which induced him to 

 abandon every amufcment, and to dedicate his whole time 

 and attention to ftudy, fo that lie fcarcely allowed himfelf 

 the necefiaiy intervals for his meals and reit. By means of 

 unwearied afiiduitv, firft without any affillance, whence he 

 called himfelf tt.\fl'jjj.y.^-n;, and o4-i//x8»;;-, i. e. pij'-l aught , and 

 late-ldvght, and afterwards with the advantage ot inlirutlions 

 from Hermonymus, whom he retained at a large falary, and 

 from Lafcarisin Greek, and James de Fevre in mathematics, 

 he acquired fingular reputation as a fcholar, and particularly 

 for an acquaintance with the Latin and Greek languages. 

 He had reafon, however, to regret that want of early prac- 

 tice, which is adapted to form eale and elegance of language; 

 and hence his ftyle, both in French and Latin, though 

 ilrong and lofty, was harfh and perple.Ked. His firtl lite- 

 rary performances were tranflations of fome treatiles of Plu- 

 tarch ; and, in 1508, he publifiied " Notes on the Pan- 

 defts." But his principal reputation among the learned was 

 owing to his treatife " De AfTe," which contributed in a 

 veiy eminent degree to facilitate the ftudy of the ancient 

 coins, weights, and meafures. The fame which he thus 

 ellablifiied excited envy among his contemporaries ; and 

 Erafmus, though he acknowledged his merit, became jta- 

 lous of him, fo that a difagreement took place between thefe 

 two dillinguiflied perfons, which prevented Budaeus's citing 

 Erafm\is in his works. By avoiding the topics which 

 might occafion a fufpicion of his faith, he precluded thofe 

 objections to the revival of learning, to which the interelled 

 and the ignorant were at that time difpoUd to recur. Upon 

 Vol, V. 



BUD 



his firtl introduflion to the French court, he was emploj'ed by 

 Lewis XII. in two embalfies to Italy, and appointed the 

 king's fecretary ; and in the reign of Francis I., who dif- 

 tinguifiied himfelf by his patronage of learned perfons, he 

 obtained the place of mafter of requcfts, tog^'lher with the 

 office of librarian and fecretary to the king; and was deput- 

 ed on an embafiy to Leo X. He was alfo chofen provoft of 

 the mercliants of Paris. At his fuggeilion, in concurrence 

 with that of Du Bellay, Francis founded the Royal College, 

 for giving inftruftion in the languages and fciences. Dur- 

 ing- his progrefs with the king in Normandy, in 1540, he 

 was feized with a fever, and this terminated in his death, 

 after liis return to Paris, in the 7jd year of his age. His 

 funeral was performed, in conformity to his exprels orders, 

 privately, and by night ; and this circumftance gave his 

 enemies occafion to charge him with having adopted the fen- 

 timents of the reformers, though he had explicitly, and even 

 acrimonioudy, condemned them in fome of his publications. 

 He had alfo occafionally declaimed with vehemence againft 

 the court of Rome, and the corruptions of the clergy. The 

 iul'picii>n, however, was confirmed by the removal of his 

 widow to Geneva, where fne, and two of his fons, avowed 

 thcmlelves proteftants. Of his charafter it is faid, that it 

 was fair and honourable ; though Bayle obferves concerning 

 him, that he was more feared than beloved in the republic 

 of letters ; and that in his difputes with Erafmus he was the 

 leaft moderate of the two. His works were coUeftcd and 

 printed at Bafil, in 1557, in 4 vols. fol. Befides the treatifcs 

 already mentioned, he wrote " Commentaries on the Greek 

 and Latin Languages;" and a " Treatife on the Inftruftion 

 of a Prince," dedicated to Francis I. Gen. Dii^l. 



BUDARIN, in Geography, a town of Ruffian Tartary, 

 in the government of Caucaius, on the weft fide of the Ural; 

 36 miles S..S.W. of Uralll^. 



BUDAWUN, a town of Hindoftan, in the country of 

 Malwa ; 240 milts S. of Delhi, and 132 N. E.of Ougcin. 



BUDAYEON, a town of Hindoftan, in the country of 

 Oude ; 24 miles S. W. of Bereilly, and 70 N. E. of Agra. 



BUDDyEUS, John-Francis, \a Biography, a learned 

 and dil'gent profcflbr and writer, was born at Antlam, in 

 Pomerania, in 1667 ; and after having acquired a large fund 

 of learning in the languages, as well as in philofophy and 

 divinity, he firft gave private leftures at Jena, and in 1(^92, 

 was appointed profcfibr of Greek and Latin at Coburg. 

 From thence, he was removed by the invitation of Frede- 

 ric, eleftor of Brandenburg, to the chair of moral and po- 

 litical profefi"or in his newly founded univerfity of Halle. 

 After continuing in this ftation 12 years, he re-affumed the 

 profeflbrfiiip of theology at Jena, where he died, in 1729. 

 Befides the diligent difcharge of his profeffional duties, he 

 maintained an extenfive correfpondence, and wrote many 

 works. Of thefe tlie principal are, " Elemcnta Philofophix 

 practica?, inftrumentalis et theoreticae," 3 vols. Svo., 

 which ferved for a long time as a text-book in the Protcf- 

 tant German Univerfities : "A Syftem of Theology," 2 

 vols. 4to. mucli efteemed by the Lutlierans : " The great - 

 German Hiftoiical Diclionary," 2 vols. fol. ; " A Treatife 

 on Athcifm and Superltition," 8vo., tranflatcdinto French ; 

 and " Mifctllanea Sacra," 3 vols. 4to. Nouv. Did. Hift. 

 BUDDEKANO, in Geography, a town of Hindoftan, 

 in the country of Agimcre, feated on the river Pudder ; 

 87 miles W. of Oudipour, and 100 N. of Amedabad. N. 



lat. 24° 



E. Ic 



50. 



BUDDENBORG, a to.vn of Germany, in the circle of 

 Wcllphalia, and county of Marck ; 2 miles N. W. of Lu- 

 nen. 



LUDDESDALE. See Botesbale. 



5 O BUD- 



