B U E 



tranfmigration, from the lowed (late of an inftcfl, through 

 the various fpccies of living animals. 1'hcre have been three 

 dc-iiies of this name, each of which is fiippodd to reign as 

 long as a bird removes a hill of fand, half a mile high, and 

 fix miles round, by a fingle grain in a thoufand years. See 

 Sakradawf.ndra : fee alfo Boodh. 



BUDWEIS, or BuDEOowiCE, in Gc'o^^mphy, a royal 

 and well fortified city of Bohemia, in the circle of Bechin, 

 i'eated on the river Moldaw, enjoying the Haple-rights of 

 fait, and having in its vicinity inincs of gold and filvcr ; and, 

 rs it is faid, pearls, which are fifhed for in the river Mol- 

 daw. It was erefttd into a bifhopric by the emperor, in 

 l-y-. The king of Prufli; laid fiege to it with 8000 men, 

 under general Naff;iu in 1744, and took it; but did not 

 long retain it; 66 miles S. of Prague. N. lat. 42° 15'. E. 

 long. i4'=' 19'. 



BUDWIZ, a town of Moravia, in the circle of Znayra ; 

 84 miles S. E. of Prague. 



BUDZADGEH, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the 

 province of Njtolia ; 40 miles N. E. of Ifnick. 



BUDZIAC Tarlary. See Bessarabia. 



BUDZIENICZE, or Budz.enice, a town of Litliua- 

 nia, in the palatinate of Minlk ; ^6 miles W. of Rohaczow. 

 N. lat. 52° 40'. E. long. 28" 20'. 



BUECH, a river of France, which runs into the Du- 

 rance, near Sifteron, in the department of the Lower Alps. 



BUEIB, a town or vilLige of Egypt, calkd the 

 " Straits," feated on a mountain in the road of the pilgrims ; 

 30 miles N. E. of Cairo. 



BuEiB, called the " Narrows," a town or village of 

 Upper Egypt, feated on the welt fide of the Nile ; ?2 miles 

 S. E. of Afna or Efneh. 



BUELA, a town of Perfia, in the province of KorafTan ; 

 about 313 miles N. W. of Herat. N. lat. 37° 40'. E. long. 



'bUENAYRE. See Bonaire. 

 BUENA-VISTA. See Bonavista. 



BUENE-VENTURA. See BONAVENTURE. 



BUENOS Ayres, fo called on account of the peculiar 

 falubrity of its climate, a Spanilh territory or vice-royalty of 

 South America, eftablilhed as fuch in 1776, is reckoned 

 by Ulloa the fifth bi(hopric belonging to the audience of 

 Charcas. This name comprehends the whole country from 

 the eaftern and fouthern coaft of that part of America, 

 to Cordova and Tucuman on the weft, to Paraguay on the 

 north, and on the fouth to the fea and the Terra Magella- 

 uica or Patagonia, the vertex of that triangular point of 

 land which forms South America. This country is watered 

 by the great river La Plata, firft difcovercd in 15 15, by 

 Juan Diaz de Solis, who, with his two attendants, was 

 maffacred by the natives; and partly fubducd, in 1526, by 

 Sebaftian Gabot. Buenos Ayres abounds with horned cattle 

 and wild horfes, which find a (helter from the heat of the 

 fun, and an ample fupply of food in the immcnfe plain, called 

 by the Spaniards " Pampas," which commences about 20 

 miles from the capital, and extends 100 miles wellward to 

 the foot of the mountains, and about 500 miles fouthward 

 towards Chili. This plain is wholly covered with very high 

 grafs, and is for the moft part uninhabited and dcftitute of 

 trees. From the travels of Helms we learn, that the largell 

 tamed ox is fold for one piaftre, or about 3s. 6d., and that 

 a good horfe may be purchafcd for two piatlres. The hides 

 of thefe animals conftitute a principal article of trade in this 

 country. The rivers and fea fupply all kinds of fifli ; the 

 country abounds with game ; and fruits of every quarter of 

 the globe grow here in the utmoft perfeftion ; fo that with 

 regard to the falubrity of the air and the various «njoyraenls 



^ U E 



of life, a finer country cannot be imagined. Although 

 the climate is htaUliy and plealant, there is a great difference 

 in the feafons. In the fuiiinRr the air is ferine, and the 

 exccfiive heat of the fun is moderated by breezes which 

 blow every morning. In the winter ftorms often occur, with 

 rain and dreadful lightning and thunder. The capital of this 

 country is Buenos Ayres, and within its government are three 

 other cities, viz. Santa Fe, Las Corientes, and Monte-video. 

 Bt.'ENos Ayres, NiieJ!ra Stnoni ik, the capital of the 

 country of the fame name, and of tlie kingdom of La 

 Plata, was founded by Don Pedro de Mendoza in 1531;, 

 vi'ho was at that time governor, on a fpot called Cape 

 Biane-o, on the fonth fide of Rio de la Plata, adjoining to a 

 fmall river ; from which the plain on which it Itauds, afceiids 

 gently. Soon after its firll ellahliiliment, it was abandoned ; 

 but rebuilt in 1582, and eretted into a bifliopric in 1620. It 

 is faid to contain about 4000 lioufes, and from 24to3Cthoufand 

 inhabitants, who are chiefly Spaniards and native Americans. 

 It is well fortified and defended by a numerous artillery. Al- 

 though the breadth of this city, like other towns fituated on 

 rivers, isnotproportionaltoits length, itsllreetsaretlraightand 

 of a proper width. The principal fquare is very large, and 

 built near the fmall river ; and in the front of it is a caftle, 

 where the governor conilaiitly refides. The houfes, which 

 were formerly conftruded with mud-walls, thatched with 

 ftraw, and very low, are now much improved ; fome being 

 built with chalk, and others with brick, moft of them tiled, 

 and having one ftory befides the ground floor. The cathedral, 

 which is the parifh church for the greater number of the 

 inhabitants, is a fpacious and elegant ftrufture ; and the 

 chapter is compofed of the bifliop, dean, archdeacon, and 

 two canons. At the farther end of the city is another 

 church appropriated to the Indians. Here are alfo feveral 

 convents, and a royal chapej in the caftle where the governor 

 refides. This is the great refort of the merchants of Europe 

 and Peru, who traverfe the country from hence by Cordova 

 and Tucuman to Potofi ; and for the accommodation of 

 travellers there is an uninterrupted poll-road, with poft- 

 horfes and proper relays of horfes and carriages acrofs the 

 continent to Peru. No regular fleet comes to this place ; 

 the whole intercourfe with Europe being carried on by 2 or 

 3 regifter fliips. The returns are chiefly gold and filver. 

 of ChiH and Peru, fugar, and hides. I'he contraband trade, 

 however, has been found the moft advantageous ; and this 

 has been principally carried on by the Portugucle, who keep 

 magazines for that purpofc in thofe parts of Brazil which lie 

 neareft to this country. The moft valuable commodities are 

 brought here to be exchanged for European goods ; fuch as 

 the Vicugna wool from Peru, copper from Coquimbo, gold 

 from Chili, and iilvtr from Potofi. From Corientes and 

 Paraguay are conveyed hither tobacco, fugar, cotton, thread, 

 yellow wax, and cotton cloth ; and from Paraguay, the 

 herb fo called and fo highly valued for tea, which is drank, 

 every where in South America by the higher clafles, and 

 which fupplies a branch of trade, amounting, as it is faid, 

 to a million of pieces of eight annually, wholly paid in 

 goods, as no money is allowed to pafs here. The commerce 

 between Peru and Beunos Ayres is chiefly for cattle and. 

 mules, to an immenfc value. This city is fituated about 77 

 leagues from Cape Santa Maria, which lies on the north 

 coatl near the entrance of the river de la Plata ; and its 

 little river not having water iufBcitnt for fliips of burden to 

 come up to it, they anchor in one of the two bays on the 

 fame coaft. That fartheft to the eallward is called Maldo- 

 nado, 9 leagues from the above cape, and the other named 

 Monte-video from a mountain near it, and diftant 20 leagues 

 from the faid cape. The navigation to the city is dangerous. 



foe- 



