BUN 



B U O 



life was fingularly preferved by his confenting to give tip Viis 

 place as fentinel to a comrade, wtiofe head was taken off by 

 a miidict ball. At the time of his marriagje, his poverty 

 was fuch, that neither he nor his wife poffefTcd fo much as 

 a di(h or a fpoon ; but (lie had, what he deemed of ^renter 

 vahie, " the Plain Man's Path-way to Heaven," and " Tiie 

 Practice of Piety." which he was accnftonied to read with 

 her, and vviiich afforded him fingiilar fatisfa^^ion and ad- 

 vantajje. Of the fincerity of his converfion he had exhi- 

 bited fnch evidence, that he was admitted in i6j5 a mem- 

 ber of a Baptill congregation at Bedford ; and lie was fo 

 regular an attendant on meeti-gs htld for religions piir. 

 pofes, that, foon after the relloration, he was convided of 

 affociating with others in unlawful affemhlics and conventi- 

 cles, fentenced to perpetual bani(hment, fait afterwards 

 committed to prifon, where he fupportcd himfelf and family, 

 during a confinement of twelve years and a half, by making 

 tagged laces, and where he employed part of his time in 

 preaching to and praying with his fellow- prifoners. His 

 library at this time coiififted only of the Bible, and the 

 Book of Martyrs ; and ytt he compofed many of his works, 

 and, particularly, his " Pilgrim's Progrefs," whilft he re- 

 mained in prifon. In the lall year of his confinement, fnch 

 was the eRimation in which his talents and charafter were 

 lield, that he was unanimoufly chofen pallor of the congrega- 

 tion at Bedford. After his enlargement, for which he was in- 

 debted to the companionate interference of Dr. Barlow, 

 bilhop of Lincoln, he travelled into feveral parts of Eng- 

 land, for the purpofe of vifiting and confirming perfons of 

 the fame profeffion ; whence he obtained the appellation of 

 *' Bldiop Bunyan." Upon the publication of king James 

 II. 's declaration for liberty of confcicnce, Bunyan was ena- 

 bled, by the voluntary contributions of his friends, to build 

 a meeting-honfe at Bedford, where he conftantly preached 

 to very large congregations. He ali'o frequently villted 

 London, and preached there among the non-conformifts ; 

 but in one of thefe vifits he was feized with a fever, and 

 died at his lodgings on Snow -hill, Augufl; the 31 ft, ]688, 

 aged 60. His remains were interred in the burying ground 

 belonging to the diffenters in Bunhill Fields. His religious 

 fentiments were thofe of the mod rigid Calvinifts, to which 

 he was zealoufly attached ; his piety, though blended with 

 fome degree of enthufialm, was fincere and uniform ; and his 

 moral conduft, after the period of his converfion, was not 

 only irreproachable, but exemplary, though his zeal expofed 

 both his principles and charafter to many unfounded re- 

 proaches and calumnies. As he never enjoyed the advan- 

 tages of a liberal education, his public performances, as a 

 preacher, and his writings, as an author, indicate very ex- 

 traordinary talents. In his preaching, he fpoke with con- 

 fiderable fluency, though not w-ithout fome hefitation ; and 

 his minifterial labours were countenanced by the learned Dr. 

 John Owen, who occaiionally attended his fcrmons. Of his 

 numerous works the moil celebrated, both for its compofi- 

 tion and popularity, is his " Pilgrim's Progrefs." This 

 work, which has paffed through more than fifty editions, 

 and which has been tranflatcd into various languages, has 

 been admired and applauded by fome of the befl judges ; 

 and there are few perfons who have not read it, whatever 

 may be their opinion of the theological f>fteni on which it 

 is founded, and of the terrific ideas which it is adapted to 

 excite in the minds of the young. The allegory is well 

 condufted and fuftained ; the charafters that are introduced 

 are juftly drawn ; it abounds with lively defcription, and 

 maEifeils the exuberance of invention. Lord Kaimes, 

 fpeaking in his " Sketches of the Hiiloty of Man,'" (vol. i.J 

 of this work, and " Robinfon Crufoc," the great favourites 



VOL.V. 



5 



of the vulgar, Tays, that " they are compofed in a flyle 



enlivened, like that of Homer, by a piopcr mixture of the 

 dramatic and narrative:" and Bunyau's genius, difplayed in 

 this performance, has been, perhaps, extravagantly extolled 

 by other writers, among whom wc may icckoti Mr. danger, 

 Mr. Merrick, and Dr. Roberls, to wliofe fentiments greet 

 deference is due. Many of Mr. Bunyau's other v.-orks are 

 of the allegorical or parabolical kind ; and though not 

 eqvially pojjular with the " Pilgrim's Progrefs," are much 

 read by a certain clafs of perfons. The moll confiderablc 

 of thefe is the " Holy War, made by Rhaddai upon Dia- 

 bolus." One of the iv.oft intcreding of his Works is 

 " Grace abounding to the chief of Sinners," contair.iu'r a;i 

 account of his own life. All his works were eollefled toge- 

 ther in 2 vols, folio, I^ondon, 173^, I7.>7: and a new edi- 

 tion, more complete than any of the preceding, with cop- 

 per-plates, and a recommendatory preface, by Mr. George 

 Whitfield, was publiflied in 2 vols, folio, in 1767. Biog. 

 Brit. 



BUOMMATTEI, Bi;nedict, an eaily Italian gramma- 

 rian, was born at Florer.ce in 1581, and having entered into 

 the priellhood, difcharged the duties of his fuin'lion, and 

 purfued literary (tudirs at Rome and Padua, and chiefly in 

 his native city. He was a nvitiber of feveral academics, and 

 particularly of thofe of Delia Crufci and the Apatilli, wlicre 

 he recited leftures and difcourfes, many of wiueh have been 

 publiflied. But he is principally known by his two books " (Jil 

 the Tufcau Language," being the firft work that deferves 

 the title of a grammar of the Italian language, and ilill 

 popular and highly efleemcd. Buommattei died at Florence 

 in ifi.17. Tirabofchi. Gen. Biog. 



BUON, in Gengrnphy, a town of the kingdom of Naples, 

 and Principato Ultra ; 7 miles E.N.E. of Beneveufo. 



BUONACCORDO, a fmall ftringed n.-ulical iiillrument, 

 refembling a fpinet, ufed by children to learn to play on, be- 

 caufc of the fliortnefs of their fingers. 



The word is Italian, and properly denotes a hapfl- 

 chord. 



BUONACCORSr, Philip, iti B'ngraphy, an elegant 

 modern Latin writer, was born of a noble family at S. Gi- 

 mignano, in Tufcany, in 1437, and refidiiig at Rome in his 

 youth, he was one of the founders of the Roman academy, 

 according to the cuftom of which he affumcd the name of 

 " Callimaco," adding to it " Efperiente," in allufion to the 

 viciditudes of his life. Being fufpefted by pope Paul II. of 

 a concern in a confpiracy againft his life, he was under a ne- 

 ccffily of fecuring himfelf by flight ; and having wandered 

 through Greece, Egypt, Cyprus, Rhodes, and other iflands 

 in the Archipelago, Thrace, and Macedonia, he at length 

 took refuge in Poland ; where he was introduced to kinjj 

 Cifimir, who made him tutor to his fon Albert, and his own 

 fccretary. He alfo employed him in feveral cmbaffies. After 

 the death of Cafimir, he was entrufted by Albert, his fuc- 

 ceffor, with tlie condudt of all the affairs of his court and 

 kingdom ; and though thefe marks of dilliiidtion excited the 

 envy of Albert's courtier.":, and many attempts were made to 

 ruin him, he retained his fovereign's favour till his death, 

 which happened at Cracow, in 1496. Caliimaco, for fucli 

 was the name by which he isdiftinguifhed as a writer, wrote 

 in 3 books the life of Ladiflaus, brother ard p'edcceffor of 

 Calimir, with an account of the battle of Varna, in which he 

 was killed. He alfo compofed a life of Attila, and a fmall 

 treatife on the attempts of the Venetians to excite the 

 Tartars and Pcrfians againft the Turks. Thefe pieces, with 

 fume orations and letters, have been publiflied together, and 

 paffed through feveral editions. The ftyle in which they are 

 written is elegant and forcible ; and in the opinion of Paul 

 3 X Giovjo, 



