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Ltaves on the fmaller branclus, veiT entire, clothed with 

 a white, clofe, and very (ott pile. Floiucrs terminal, large, 

 yellow. Lonver ui'.yx-Jcaks longer, linear, Linn, jun, 

 Caihered by Maflon in the ifland of Teneriffe. 7. B. fj)C- 

 c'ijjijfimum Linn. fiTant. " Leaves alternate, embracing the 

 Hem, ovate, mktil. ferrated, foniewhat ciliate ; item one- 

 tlowered." Rooi perennial, fpindk-fliapcd. Sten, too feet 

 high, fmooth, and even, marked wills very fine white lines. 

 Leiives alternate, acute, fomevvhal lieart-lhaped, compaft, 

 reticulated with vein'. ; petioles dilated at the bafe, fonie- 

 what membrairaccous. Calyx common imbricated with ob- 

 tufe, ovate, iarg. leaflets. Florets of the ray folded, two 

 or three-tootlied, yellow ; of the difc four-parted, ercft, 

 pedicellcd. Stamens of the difc four, brown, without 

 a germ. Germ of the ray ovate. Seed of the difc none ; 

 of the ray ovate, membranaceous. ./?fi-^^/(?c/fhemilpherical. 

 Zoega, quoted by Linnjeus. Linrixus places this fpecies 

 under Buphthal.niu.n, but doubts whether it is not rather a 

 Silphium. From Zu^ga's defcription it clearly belongs to 

 the order polvgamia nLCeflaria. A native of the mountains 

 about Brixen in the Tirol. 8. H. granrlijionim. Linn. La 

 Marck. lUull. PI. O82. fig. i. " Leaves alternate, lanceolate, 

 fomewhat toothed, fmooth; calyxes naked, Hem iK-rbaceous." 

 Root perennial. Stans nuiierous, growing in tufts, gene- 

 rally fimple, about a foot and a half high. Leaves alter- 

 nate, linear-lancet;late, (harp-pointed, imooth, fllghtly 

 toothed. F/oiuers yellow, large, about two inches in dia- 

 meter, terminal Cn/yx rather fhort ; compofed of two rows of 

 rarrow pointed leaflets. La Marck, from a living plant. 9. 

 B. f/ilicifolhim Linn. (Gsrt. Tab. 169. f. 1. copied by La 

 Marck 111. PI. 682.) " Leaves altt-rnate, lanceolate, fome- 

 what ferrated, pubefcent, calyxes naked : Hem herbaceous." 

 Root perennial. Stem a foot and a half high, llraight, cy- 

 lindrical, pubefcent, reddilh, divided at its fummit into two 

 or three fhort branches. Leaves tnhrzcmg the ftem. Flowers 

 large, yellow, terminal, folitary, femiflorets very narrow. 

 La Marck, from a dried fpecimen. Receptacle ([\g\il\y con- 

 vex ; chaft' the length of the calyx, broader ipwards, keeled, 

 toothed, the keel extended into a (hort, flexible arm. Seeds 

 of the difc fmaller, oblong, narrow, three or four-cornered, 

 a little compreflcd, llraight ; of the ray, larger, incurved, 

 three-fided, drawn out at the fides into a kind of wing : 

 in both, truncate at the top, and crowned with a toothed 

 rim. The rim of the feeds of the difc is fomctimes fo 

 deeply gartied, as to appear compofed ot feveral chaffy 

 briftle-fliapcd leaflets. Gxrt. A native of the South of 

 France, Auftiia, Switzerland, Lufatia, allied to the pre- 

 ceding, to which Gouan joins it, but differs in being abund- 

 antly pubefcent, and having narrower femiflorets. 10. B. 

 helianthoides Linn. (G. Herelier. flirp. nov. Tab. 45. Heli- 

 anthus Icevis. Linn. fpec. 127S. Siiphium Solidaginoidcs. 

 Linn. fpec. ijoz. Rudbeckia oppohtifolia. Linn. ipec. 

 1280.) " Leaves oppofite, ovate, ferrated, triply- 

 nerved ; calyxes leafy ; Item herbaceous." Root perennial, 

 ivhitifh, branched, fragrant. Stems feveral, two yards high, 

 upright, branched at the top, naked at the bafe, round, 

 the thicknefs of a quill, of a fea-green colour : branches 

 oppofite, ftiff like the flem. Leaves remote, acumi- 

 nate, ferrated about the middle, decurrent, veined, a"d 

 wrinkled, fiat, rechning, four inches long, two and a half 

 broad. Petioles fpreading, embracing the flem with a kind 

 of ring, round on one fide, cbanncHed on the other, edged 

 at the top by the leaf running along them. Flowers termi- 

 nating, yellow, from two to three inches broad ; peduncles 

 commonly three, accompanying the upperm.oll leaves, Itifl, 

 very long, one-flowered, obfcurely angular, thickened at 

 the top, fiftulouo, fometimes with one or two linear (hai'p 

 braftes. Common calyx concave, fpreauing, pubefcent ; fcales 



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lanceolate, acute, a little ferrated ; thofe of the inner row 

 fpreading, and rcflcxcd at the tip ; thofe of the outer row 

 few, twice the IcrFth of the other, and a little hanging'" 

 down. Florets in t'u' dilc numerous, with a fliarp, revolute 

 border ; in the ray about twelve, lanceolate, retule, two- 

 furrowed above, two-nerved btneath, fpreading very wide, 

 twice or three timc^- the lengdi of the calyx. Genu in the 

 dilc oblong, four-cornoed and truncate; in the ray three- 

 cornered. Seedt without any pappus or d' wn, except the 

 rim, which is fcarcely thickened. Receptacle conical ; chaff 

 membranaceous, linear, acute, rhanuelled-concave. Thia 

 plant has the generic charafter el hnphthahnum, the calyx 

 of filphinm or rudheckia, and th; habit of helianthus. 

 Hence it has inadverlentiy been given by I.i-.ina-us under 

 four different names. L' Heretier, A native nf tyorth Ame- 

 rica, whence it was fent by Cutefliy to the brta-.iie garden' 

 at Chcllea, but is /aid by Fcrfler to be foiMui wild every 

 where vithin ti'e tropics. La Marck dtfcrihcs a plant un- 

 der the fame fpecific name, brought from Soi:t:i America, 

 cultivated in the royal garden at Paris, which docs not cor- 

 refpond with the above defciipt!on, and with feme doubt 

 whether it be that intended by LirnKus. Its ferns are her- 

 baceous feeble, not much more than a foot high, growing 

 in loole tufts. Its leaves petioled, generally oppofite, ovate, 

 a little pointed, obtufely dentate, green, alnioll fmooth, 

 and fcarcely an inch broad. Flowers yellow, rather fmali, 

 folitary, peduneled and terminal. Calyx of two rows of 

 oblong fcales, thofe in one row not longer than thofe in the 

 other. The juice of the plant is a little cauft:ic. 11. B. 

 fpinofm, Linn. (La Marck, PI. 6S1. Jg. 2). " Calyius 

 acutely-leaved ; leaves alternate, lanceolate, embracing the 

 flem, very entire ; fl;em herbaceous." Root annual. S/em 

 a foot and half high, ftiff", hairy, with two or three alter- 

 nate branches at the top. R'^ol-leaves long, fpreading, 

 broader and almoll obtufe at their fummit, narrowed at their 

 bafe. Stem-leaves lanceolate, hairy. External calyx-leaves 

 very long, three-nerved, ending in a fpine, fpread open im- 

 mediately under the flower like the points of a flar. Flowers 

 yellow, folitary, terminal ; femiflorets very narrow. La^ 

 Marck, from a living plant. A native of Languedoc, Spaiti, 

 and Italy. 12. B. aqiiaticiim, Linn. (Gart. Tab. 169. co- 

 pied in La Marck, Illuft. PL C82. /ff. 4. ) "Calyxes obtuftly- 

 leaved, fefTile, axillary ; leaves alternate, oblong, obtufe ; 

 ftem herbaceous." Root animal, white, fibrous. Stem about 

 a foot High, much branched, c-ilindrical, pubefcent. L.eaves 

 alternate, Itffile, .oblong, obtufe, hairy. Flowers yellow, 

 rather fmall ; fome fcffile and axillary, others terminating ; 

 femi-florets broader and fliorter than thofe of the preceding 

 Ipecies. Outer calyx leaves obtule, foft, forming a kind of 

 involucre to the flower. La Marck, from a living plant; 

 Calyx leafy at the bafe. Seeds compretfed, bay-coloured, 

 hifpid, with whitilb briftles, nearly uniform ; thofe of the 

 difc fmaller, ovate, acuminate downwards ; thofe of the 

 ray larger, triangular- wedge- (hapcd, much comprcffed at 

 the fidts, and almofl winged ; both of them crowned with a 

 many-leaved pappus, the leaflets of which are mtmbrana- 

 ceous, acuminate, ciliate-toothed, half the length of the 

 feed. Gafrt. A native of the fouth of France, Portugal, 

 and the Ifle of Candia. ij. B. maritimum, Linn. (La 

 Marck, PI. 682.^^. 5.) " Calyxes obtufely leafy, pedun- 

 eled ; leaves alternate, fpatula-fhaped ; ftem herlaccous." 

 Root perennial. Stems numerous, fix or feven inches higlv, 

 hairy, branched. Leaves long, obtufe, very narrow at their 

 bafe, hairy. Flowers yellow, rather large, folitary, termi- 

 nal. External calyx leaves refembling thofe of the flem. 

 Native of Sicily and the fouthcrn parts of France. La 

 Marck. 14. B. oleracciwi, Martyn's Miller. " Calycine 

 leaflets acute, connedkd laterally ; leaves oppofite, lanceo- 

 late. 



