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hte, curved ba-k." St.m hi-rbaceoiis, two ffct IiIhK up- 

 right, rouiiJ, vvliiiiih, fmootl!, braiitlicd. Leaves lincar- 

 hnccolntc, ii:icqiially toollud, f:noolh, juicy, thick, alh- 

 cgloiircd. /'Yow.r large, folitary. Cn.'yx hcinifplierical, 

 wi'.h (harp LaflL-ls, coiiiicdtd by a lateral nu-mbranc. Difc 

 of t!ic corclld Hat, with vvllow florets ; ray widt-, fpreadiiir. 



Willi rr.atiy 



white, trilid florets. ReccpltiJe flatlilh, with 

 very fmnU chaft'; crown of the feeds margined. Slisma in 

 the fiorets of the dilc limple. Lour. Cochin. It is an 

 od.)roui plant, and cultivated in the gardens of China as a 

 pot-herb. Forllcr in l'"K>r. au:lral. names two other fpecics; 

 B. uiiiftirum, found in Norfolk IHand ; a::d V>. jincumbcns, 

 found in the Friendly Iflands. Obf. JufTi-.u do'jbts whether 

 the frutefccnt fpecies, with oppofite leaves, flijuld be place-d 

 in the fame genus wiih thofe that arc heibaeeous and have 

 alternate leaves. And Gxrtner is of opinion, that if the leed 

 in all the Allerif.i of Tournefort, be i».>t merely margined, 

 but leafy, they ought to form a feparate genus. 



Pnpagalhn andCukur:. The firlt tuo Ipccies can be pro- 

 pagated in this country, only by cuttings, which (li.uld be 

 tak^n off in July when the plants have for fonie time been 

 expofed to the open air ; planted in fmall pots filled with 

 light loamy earth, ar.d plunged into a hot-bed of a very 

 gentle warmth ; fliadcd from the heat of the fun, and occa- 

 fionally refrtfhed with a fmall quantity of water. In about 

 fix weeks they may be gradually enured to the open air, and 

 foon after fliould be iranfplanted into frefli pots: when they 

 have taken root, they may remain in a flicltertd fituation, 

 till the middle of October, and fliould then be removed 

 into the erccnhoufe. The firil fort is hardier than the 

 other. The feeds of ffltnj'um and aqUal'iciim may be 

 fown on open borders, either in the beginning of April 

 or, which is better, in Autumn, and will require no other 

 oaie. The m.nllimum is eafily propagated by (lips during 

 the fummer fcafon, and requires the lame treatment as the 

 firll and fecond, but will tiirive better in a comrron frame, 

 ■fcrcened from froit, than in a green-lioufe. Thtjhlicij'cilium, 

 irand'iflorum, and hilhmthoiclcs, may be propagated by part- 

 ing the root? towards the end of Oftober. 



BuPHTHALMUM canarii'iife leucanthemvm, Pluk. See 

 Chrysanthemum fruttfcens. 



Bl'phthalmum lanugimfum, C. Bauli. See Anacv- 

 CLUS •vakniinus. 



BuPHTHALMUM cotultt fnlio, and Jlore luteo, 2. 3. C. 

 Bauh. ; Icnuifolium, J. Bauh. ; creticum, Breyn. ; alterum pi- 

 ns, Dalch. ; Jiore purpurnfcenle. Cam. ; and narhouciije, 

 CEus. See Anthkmis valenliim. 



BuPHTHALMUM, Linn. Hort. Cllf. 414. Flor. S'.'.ec. 69S. 

 ttlpinum tr'iumf. See Anthfmis t'lnilnr'ia. 



BuPHTHALMUM, Linu. Hort. Cllf. 415. See Amellus 

 lychnitis . 



BuPHTHALMUM, Linn. Sp. PI. Ed. 2. See Oedera 

 prolifcra. 



BuPHTHALMUM h'lyfutum. Brown lam. 321. See Sl'_- 

 PHIUM trilobatum. 



BUPLEURARLA., in Entomology, a fpecies of Pha- 

 LENA. (Geometra.) The wingi are dentated, green, with 

 a white llreak, and a fmaller one of the lame colour ; mar- 

 gin dotted with brown. Fabr. 



This inhabits Europe. Knoeh defcribes it under the name 

 of Phalitna ftjquiftria'.a. 



BUPLEilRiFOLIA, in Botany, Pluk. See Corvm- 

 B I u M frabrum. 



BUPLEURIOIDES, Walth. See Phyllis nobla. 



EUPLEURUM, (from p.',-jr, and vX^i/fw, bovis colla, 

 the rib or fide of an ox, alluding, as explained by profcflor 

 Martyn, to a fuppofed ill quality of burlting kine that feed 



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»ipon it : but this explanation is better fuited to the elyma- 

 l.;oy of /SsTpjiri;, ''from /3i.5 and TrfnSa!, to inflame, a name 

 giCen by the Greeks, not only to an iufeift of the cantharis 

 kind, but alfo to a plant noxious to cattle, which has been 

 fuppofed to be the fame with the bupleurum of Nicander, 

 Plinv, and othei- ancient writer?. Ventenat, with greater 

 probability, is of opinion, that the name bupleurum alludes 

 to the ftiffnefs, (roideur) of the leaves of fevcral fpecies of 

 this genus. The fame deiivation was intimated long ago 

 by I)odona:us, who, fpeaking of the probable identity of 

 the plant, now called bupleurum, with the ancient one, 

 fays, " nee peflime quadrare nomenelaturae et etFigiaturae vi- 

 detur : foliis namque longis — mult's ftriis lirilve rigidirt, 

 quail coilas in fuliis fingulis efBgiantibus, et lateium modo 

 iiiclufis, ut de heptaplcuro loquitur Plinius.)" Liun. gen. 

 32S. Schr. 460. GaDi-t. 114. JulT. 324. Willd. 525. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Umbel univerfal, with fewer than ten 

 rays ; partial with fcarcely ten, ereft-expanding. Irroolucrc 

 univerfal, either of many leaves, or of from three to live, or 

 none ; partial of feveral broad leaves, either dillinit, or all 

 united at the bottom ; perianth proper, obfolete. Cor. uni- 

 verfal, uniform ; florets all fertile, proper, petals five, invo- 

 lute, entire, very fliort. Slam, five, fimple, anthers round- 

 ifli. P'ljl. Germ inferior. Slyhs two, rcflexcd, fmall ; pg. 

 mas veiy fir.all. Perk. none. Fruit roundilh, compreffcd, 

 fplitting in two. S^eds two, ovate-oblong, convex on one 

 fide, flat on the other. Ohf. In mod of the fpecies, the 

 partial involucres are fpecious, often longer than the co- 

 rolla. 



Effcn. Char. Leaves of the partial involucre broad, fpread- 

 ing. Fruit ovate, gibbous, fmall, not crowned at the top. 



Spec. * Herbaceous. 1. B. rotundifoHuin, Linn. Hudf. 

 III. With. 267. Smith 124. (Perfoliata C. Bauh. &c.) 

 Gaert. Tab. 22. f. 7. La Marck, Ilkft. PI. 1S9. Eng. 

 Bot. 99. Thorough-wax. " l^niverfal involucres none ; 

 leaves perfoliate." Linn. Root annual, fmall and fibrous ; 

 whule plant rigid and fmooth. Stem erect, alternately 

 branched, round, leafy, perfoliate. Leaves alternate, ovate, 

 acute, very entire, fomewhat glaucous, nerved. Umbels ax- 

 illary and terminal, folitary, on long peduncles, fix or feven- 

 rayed, entirt-ly deftitute of an univerfal involucre ; little 

 umbels of about eight flowers ; partial involucres of five, 

 ovate, acute, unequal leaves, longer than the flower. 

 Flowers yellow, on (liort peduncles. Dr. Smith, and La 

 Marck. Fruit fmall, ovate, llrialed, gibbous, black. 

 Seeds ovate-oblong, gibbous, terminated at the top by a 

 very narrow, reddifh-brown difc ; marked on the convex 

 fide with thirte-en elevated, linear ftrije or llreaks ; on the 

 flat fide with a fimp'e furrow. Gxrt. It derives its Englifh 

 name from its perfoliate leaves, or as profcflor Martyn ac- 

 curately exprefles it, from the fingular circun, fiance o: the 

 flalk waxl/.rr or growing through the leaf, by which it may 

 be diftingunhid from all our ot-her indigenous plants. Like 

 the ianicle, it has the reputation of being a vulnerary ; but 

 this, iays Dr. Smith, (Eng. Bot.) is a quality which no 

 medicine car. have, any otUerwife than as a tonie, flrength- 

 euing the conflitution ; nor can any external application be 

 ipecitically healing or confo'.idating, or be ufeful in any 

 other way than as a'defence from the air. La Marck fpcakg 

 of it as an allringent, and fays that it is ufed as a cataplafm 

 in umbilical ruptures : but in this cafe, its operation can be 

 only mechanical. A native of moft parts of Europe, chiefly 

 on a calcareous foil, but not very coT.mon in England. 

 Marlyn intimates, that it is peculiar to the fouthern coun- 

 ties, and fays, that he has never obferved it, e.xccpt among 

 wheat. We have occafionally found it in the neiglibour- 

 hood of Leeds, but always among beans. 2. B. jielLnum, 

 * Linn. 



I 



