BUR 



BUR 



was ffized and torn by Edelhun. T!ie ftene of this conflicfl a riirnl nature. A homii-h (fee Borough) ir. iifiially dif- 



is ftill pointed out by the name of a field a little well ward of tiiiguiihed from other towns by t}ie riglit of lending members 



the town called Battle-edge; and the memory of the event is to parliament ; and where the right of tleftion is by biirgajre 



preferved by an annual procefTion on the eve of Midfiimmer tenure, that alone is a proof of the antiquity of the borough. 



day. At the concKifion of the fevtnth century, an ecclelialH- Tenure in bu'-gage, tlierefure, or burgage tenure, is where 



cal fynod was held here to determine the time when Ealler houfes, or lands which were formerly the fcite of honfes, in 



fhould be held. It was then decreed that Aldhelm, abbot of an ancient borough, are held by fome lord in common focage, 



Malmfbury, Hiould announce to the Bi itifh church a Hated by a certain ellablifhed rent. The free focage, in which 



and proper period for the celebration of this feltival in future, thefe tenements are held, feems to be plainly a remnant of 



The hoife-races of Burfoid are frequent, and much trc- Saxon liberty ; and this may account for the great vaiiety 



qucntcd by the ftudents from Oxford, and the neighbouring of cudoms, affefting many of thefe tenements fo held in 



gentry, &c. Here are manufaitories for duffels and for ancient burgage ; the principal and molt remarkable of 



rugs. The town is feated iu a low, narrow valley on the which is that called Vtot-cwcu-Eiiglifb ; which fee. There 



banks of the river Windrufh. The high grounds are moftly are a'lo other fptcial culloms in ddterent burgage tenures ; 



appropriatedtocorn.inconfequenceof which, the markets at as in fome, that the wife Ihall be endowed of all her huf- 



this place and at Whitney are abundantly fupphed with that band's tenements (Litt. § i6i5.), and not of the third part 



nectflary article. The church is a fpacious and intcrelling only, as at the common law: and in others, that a man 



pile of building ; difplaying fome curious fpecimens of an- might difpofe of his tenements by will (Litt. § lOy.), which 



cient eccefiallical architetture. Its vveftern door is formed in general was not permitted after the coiiqueft, till the 



with a femicircular arch, ornamented with birds' heads, &c. reign of Henry VIII ; though in the Saxon times it was 



and the fouth porch difplays a highly decorated exterior, allowable. A pregnant proof, fays judge Blackllone (Com. 



vol. ii. p. 84.), that thefe l.berties of focage tenure were 

 fragments of Saxon liberty. 



Burgage is fometimcs ufed to denote the rent, or quit- 

 rent paid to the chief lord for the houles and tenements in a 



Near this town is an ancient manor-houfe, which was a reli- 

 gious foundation belonging to the abbey of Keynlham in 

 Somerfetlliire. This belongs to John Leuthal, efq. a de- 

 fcendant from the famous Ip'. aker to the long parliament. 

 Barford had a charter from Henry II. and is governed by town or borough 

 two bailiffs, burgeffes, &c. It is diftant 72 miles N. W. Burgage JWe, Burgagium liherum, denotes a tenure, 



from I^ondon, contains 304 houfes, and 1516 inhabitants, whereby the tenants, after having paid their rent to the fu- 

 Hereare a market on Saturdays, and two annual fairs. Plotl's periov lord, were exempted from the fervice. 

 Hiftoiy of Oxfordlhire. Magna Britannia, vol. iv. 4to. BUIIGANILT, iu Jn/wury, a ftetl-cap formerly worn 



BuRFoRD Saddle. See Saddle. 



BURG. See BoRG. 



Burg, a bailiwick and caftle of Germany, in the circle 

 of Upper Saxony, and county of Rcufs ; 4 miles S. W. of 

 Schleitz. — Alfo, a town iu the circle of Lower Saxonv, and 



by ioldiers in battle. It lias alfo been ufed iu armorial bear- 

 ings. 



BLTRGAS, in Geography. See Bergase. 

 BURGAU, a town and callle in a margraviate of the 

 fame name, in Anllrian Svvabia, feated on the river Mindel; 

 duchy of Magdeburg, feated on "the liile, iu which arc 5 leagues N. of Augfbur!'-. 



woollen maiiUtadures ; 14 miles N. E. of Magdeburg. — Burgau, a conliderable village of Germany, in the circle 



Alfo, a town of the United Netherlands, in the county of of Upper Saxony, and pnncipahty of Eilenaeh ; j miles S. 

 Zutphen, feated on the Old Ilfel, between Aiiholt and of lena. 

 Deutikem. N. lat. 52°. E. loug^. 6° 12'. Burgau, \a Natural Hljlory, the name of a large fpe- 



BuRG, or BouRG, a town of Germany, in the circle of cies of Top-(hell or Troehus. It is very beautifully lined 

 Weftphalia, and duchy of Berg, feated on the Wippe ; 6 with a coat, of the nature of the mother of pearl ; and the 

 milts S. of Solingen. artificers take this out, to ufe under the name of mother of 



Yivt.G-Bcrnhcim, Mark, a town of Germany, in the pearl, though fome call it after the name of the foell they 

 circle of Fianconia, and principality of Culrabach ; 14 take it from, hurgaudmc. Some other fhetls, however, ap- 

 miles N. N. W. of Anfpach. pear pearly, when divefted of their external covering. 



'QvKG-Lcngcnfeld, a town oF Germany, in the circle of Among the modern French, Burgau is a trivial name for 

 Bavaria, and ptuicipahcy of Neuburg, on the Nab; 15 feveral different kinds of (hells of the Tu rbo genus. 

 mi!es N. of Rnufbu. _ ^ BURGAUDINE, the name given by the French arti- 



lSvv.c-Sche:d!iugen, au ancient fortified town, but now a frcers to what we call mother of pearl. In their works, 

 chuich-vilh.ge of Germany, in the circle of Thuringia ; 3 they do not ufe the common nacre fliell for thi^-, but the 

 miles S. E. of Nebra. lining of the American bergau. Hence fome call the mother 



'S>\Jv.G.Sch'walbjch, a town of Germany, in the circle of of pearl lurgaulme, and others the burgaiid'ine mother of 

 the Upper Rliiue, and coimty of Naffau-Saarbruck, and m pearl, 

 a prefect urate of the fame name. BURGDORF, in Geography, a tov/n of SwifTcrland, in 



Y>[2^QrYi-upon the Jam's, a place lying at a fmall diftance the canton of Berne, and chief place ol a bailiwick, feated 

 weft of Carlifle, in the county of Cumberland, and remark- on the river Emme; about a league from the town are ful- 

 able for the monument erected there in honour of Edward I. phureous fountains and baths, which are faid to be beneficial 

 who died tliere in 1307, on his return from a fuccefsful es- in paralytic and nervous complaints ; 8 miles N. E. of Berne, 

 pedition agamft the Scots. and 12 S. S. E. of Soleure. N. lat. 47"" 2'. E. long. 



BU KG AGE, in Latxi, a tenure proper to boroughs and 7° 39'. 

 town^, whereby the inhabitants hold their lands and tene- Burgdorf, a town of Germany, in the circle of Lower 

 ments of the king, or other lord, at a certain yearly rate. Saxony, and principality of Luiieburg-Zcll, feated on the 



This tenure is defcribed by Glauvil (1. vii. c. 3.), and is Aue : it is walled and moated, and has a callle ; 14 miles 

 exprefsly faid by Littleton (§ 1O2.) to be but tenure in E. N. E. of Hanover, and 9 S. of Zell. 

 focage. It is indeed only a kind of town focage ; as com- BURGE-LES-BAINS, a town of France, in the de- 



mon focage, by which other lands are holden, is ufually of partnaent of the Alher, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 3 ■ dillncl 



