BUR 



with wheat treated agreeable to Mr. Middlcton's re- 



cfipt. , • I ij 



•* No. H. Sowed five drills with wlicat wetted with old 

 uiiiie, three quarts to a biilhel, and turned about with a 

 (hove! till all the urine was imbibed, then plenty of quick- 

 liint lifted over it, and turned over and over with a (hovel, 

 and left in a htap till the next mornind. 



" No. III. Sowed five drills \vith wheat fteeped two 

 hoOrs in a llrons^ lye, made of wood-alhcs and lime, and 

 laid on the barn floor to dry. 



" Ko. IV. Sowed with five drills of the fame kind of 

 wheat." 



Tiic refuk was as follows : 



«' Nos. I. and II. Scarce a burnt ear to be found in 

 them. 



" No. III. About a twentieth part burnt. 



" No. IV. Near a fourth burnt. 



" No. V. Picked ten pood corns out of an ear, the re- 

 mainder were burnt ; planted them in the garden ; fix only 

 vefctated, which produced fcventy-two ears, one root of 

 which only was biirnt ; confcquently the opinion that the 

 good corns in a burnt ear produce burnts again is fallacious, 

 otherwile the whole mull have been burnt." 



The above experiments feem to prove, fays the writer, 

 that " wetting wheat with old urine, and drying it with 

 lime, is a preventative ;" and he conceives that an infeft, 

 by depofitmg its egg, eggs, or feed, on the corn, when 

 growing, is the caufe of lurnls. Suppofing this to be the 

 cafe, " the wetting the corn v.iih brine, urine, or ftrong 

 lye, would of courfe deilroy fume uf the eggs or feed, or 

 even an animalcule, and the lime, by its corrofive quality, 

 annihilate the remainder ;" but " fhoiild any of the eggs, 

 &c. remain on the corn animable, there may be here and 

 there a burnt in the crop." But, " if on the other hand 

 the infeft Ihuuld depofit its egg, eggs, or feed, in the earth, 

 it is poflible the brine, urine, and lime, wherewith the corn 

 is as it were coated when fowed, may be unpleafing to the 

 delicate tafte of the little animal, and prevent its wounding 

 the tubes of the plant." Farther and more accurate expe- 

 riments are, however, ftill wanting to fully elucidate and 

 afcertain the nature and bell modes of preventing this vege- 

 table malady. See Smut. 



Burnt ijlund, in Geography, anifland in Chriftmas Sound, 

 at the fouthem extremity of South America. — Alfo, an 

 idand near the fouthcrn coaft of Newfoundland ; 15 miles 

 E.S.E. from Cape Ray. N. lat. 47° 30'. W. long. 58° 

 50'. 



Burnt [[lands, a duller of iflands in the Indian ocean, 

 fituate on the coaft of Malabar, W.N.W. from Goa. N. 

 lat. 13" 50'. E. long. 73° 30'. 



Burnt //anrf. A planet is faid to be burnt, comluflus, 

 when it is in conjuftion, or nearly fo, with the fun. Thus 

 Saturn is faid to be burnt when not above five degrees 

 dillant from the fun ; Jupiter when fix, &c. Planets in this 

 fituation are fuppofed by aftrologers to be much weakened 

 or enf-'ebled in their influences. 



Burnt way, combvjla via, among jljlrologers, that part 

 of the zodiac from the beginning of Libra to the middle of 

 Scorpio ; or, according to others, from the middle of Libra 

 to the end of Scorpio, comprehending 45 degrees ; a fpace 

 fuppofed very unfortunate, and in which the planets are 

 much enfeebled in their virtues, efpecialiy the moon. Vital. 

 Lex. Math. p. 118. 



Burnt wine. See Wine. 



Burnt-coat ijland, in Geography. See Penobscot lay. 



BURNTISLAND, or Brunt-island, is a parilh, 



and royal burgb, and fea-port town in Fifefhire,, Scot- 



BUR 



land. Mr. Pennant defcribes it as "the bed harbour ot 

 the coaft, formed by a rocky ific, eked out with piers." Thii 

 harbour, though capacious, and of great depth, at high tides, 

 is dry at low water. The town is fituated on the banks of 

 the Frith of Forth, upon a peninfula which is fcreened Or> 

 the north, by an amphi'.heatrical range of liilis. It is nearly 

 oppofite to Leiili, from which it is diilant fix miles, and 

 about nine miles N.W. from Edinburgh. From the remains 

 of fortified walls, and entrenchments, it appears that this 

 place has been garrifoned, and was probably firil fortified 

 by the French, when allied to the queen rege:it during- 

 the troubles of 1560. Cromwell befieged it during iiis ufurpa- 

 tion, and forced the inhabitants to capitulate, though not 

 without certain conditions which ultimately poved advan* 

 tageous to the town ; for, among othcrftipulation.s, he agreed 

 to repair the ftreets and harbour, and build the quay. In 

 I -I";, the town was furprifed and taken by the rebels, who 

 boldly oppofed aU refillance, and paifed part of their troops 

 from this place over to the oppofite (hore. Before the 

 union, the trade of Burntiiland was very confiderable, and 

 confilled principally in the exportation of com and malt 

 to England, but this trade has declined for many years, and 

 it is not till very lately that the town has felt the benefit of 

 its revival. At prefent here are a fugar-houfe, a vitriol work, 

 and a dillillery, befides fiiip building which is carried on to 

 fome extent. The town is governed by 21 perfons who are 

 denominated, and divided into 14 guild counfeilors, 3 of 

 whom are bailiffs, and 7 trade counfeilors. 



The parilh and environs of BurntiflanJ are diverfified with 

 mountain and plain. To the weft ward of the town the 

 fhore is rocky, and on the eaft it is fandy. The rocks 

 conftitute a good defence to the harbour, and at the fam« 

 time furnilh fufficient fea-weed to make 12 or i ^ tons of 

 kelp annually. Within thefe are fome productive oyfter- 

 beds, and other (hell fiih frequent the recefTes. " The hills 

 in the neighbourhood of the town exhibit many appearances 

 of volcanic fire; one is extremely like an extinguidied 

 volcano, the crater being converted into a lake on the top 

 of the hill, fimilar to thofe obfcrved by the abbe Spallan- 

 zani." (See his Travels in the Two Sicilies). On the north 

 fide of this hill are feveral bafaltic columns, and near the 

 fummit are the remains of an encampment, called Agricola''s 

 Camp. The population of this parilh in iSoi was IC30. 

 W. long. 3° rj. N. lat. 56° 8'. Pennant's Tour in Scot- 

 land. Gazetteer of Scotland. 



BURNTWOOD. See Brentwood. 



BuRNTWOOD river, a river of North America, which 

 flows from Burntwood lake through Split lake into port 

 Nelfon river, and there difcharges itfelf into Hudfon bay. 

 The lake is in N. lat. 55° 3'. W. long. 98^ 40'. 



BURONZO, a town of Italy ; in the country of Ver- 

 celh, 12 miles N.W. of Vercelli. 



BUROW, a town of Germany, in the circle of Upper 

 Saxony, aud principahty of Anhalt Zerbft ; 2, miles W. of 

 Cofwick. 



BURR, the round knob of a horn next the deer's 

 head. 



Burr denotes a hollow triangular chilTcl, ufed to clear 

 the corners of mortiffes. 



BuRi, in 5;/fl«jr. See Bud. 



Burr, in Geography, a fmall rocky ifland, with fome 

 fmaller rocks often covered by the water in its neighbour- 

 hood on the eaftern coaft of the county of Down, Ireland, 

 a little to the north of which is tolerable anchorao-e. It is 

 nine Irifli miles fouth of Donaghadee, and as many north of 

 the entrance into Strangfard lough. N. lat, 54- ;S' W 

 long. 5" 19'. . 



* Burr, 



I 



