BUR 



tli« court of king's bench, upon fettlement cafes, from 

 37J2 to 1772, to which was fubjoiiicd an " KfTay of Punc- 

 tuation," ill three parts 4to., I76>S, 1772, 1776. Tiiis tf- 

 fay "'as alfo printed ftparately in 4to., 177,). He alio 

 pubUrtiod, without his name, a few anecdotes and obfcrva- 

 tions relating to OUver Cromwell and his family, ferving to 

 rtftify feveral errors concerning him ; piibliflud by Nicoi. 

 Comm. Papadopoli, in his " Hilloria Gymnafii Patavini," 

 17,(^3, 4to. He died Nov. 5, 1782., 



BURROWS, holes in a warren, ferving as a covert for 

 rabbits, &c. 



A coney's coming out of her burrow is called bolting. To 

 catch coneys, tliey (omctimes lay purfs-nets ov«r the bur- 

 rows, then put in a terrier clofe muzzled, which making the 

 creature bolt, file is caught in th: net. 



BURRUN-^Hrtiff;-, in Hyiory, the denomination of a 

 fifth or adventitious clafs of Hindoos, dillinft from, and 

 fubordinate to the four regular caits or clafl'es into which 

 they are ditlributed, and iuppofed to be the ofri;pring of an 

 unlawful union between perfons of different calls. Thefe 

 are molHy dealers in petty articles of retail trade. This ad- 

 ventitious cad is not mentioned by European authori; ; and 

 they ft em to confider the members of this call as belonging 

 to the SooDER. Prelace to the code of Gentoo laws, p. 

 46 and yg. SeeCAsr. 



BURS, in Niivh^a/ion, are boats fo called in Bengal, 

 which are nfed tor inland navigation on tl:e Gauge;, and are 

 very lightly builfof thin deals, without cither keel or lide- 

 timbera. The edges of the planks are falteued together 

 with ilaples, and the fcaips are flopped up witli mofs, and 

 payed with greafe. Their largelf breadth is about one third 

 of their whf^le length from the Hern, where they run up with 

 a bend : they are very fharp forwards, and are not very high 

 above the water. Although they are of different lizes, they 

 are all of the lame (hape and conftruftion ; and fome of 

 them can load fifty thouland pounds weight of merchandize, 

 and more. They a-e provided with a f;ugle mall, which 

 has a large fquare fail ; and as they take in a great quantity 

 of water from tlic fides and bottoms, the crew are compelled 

 to employ fome perfons continually in baling. They are 

 ufed for the carriage of cotton, and other bulky materials, 

 the weight of which cannot beai any proportion to their fize. 

 In common with all the other boats of the country, their 

 bottoms are nearly flat ;. and indeed, it would he impraftica- 

 ble on the Ganges to employ velfels formed tor drawing a)iy 

 confidcrable quantity of water, as the navigation is rendered 

 extremely dangerous from the continual (hifting of the 

 fands. 



BURSA, Burfc, originally fignilies a purfe. 



Bursa is more particularly uled, in Middle Jige IFrlters, 

 for a little college or hall in an univeriity, for the refidence 

 of lludents, called lurfales, or burjarn. 



Bursa, Burfe, or Boui-Je, in the French univerfities, fllll 

 denotes a foundation for the maintenance of poor fiholars in 

 their lludies. 



The nomination of burfes is in the hands of the patrons 

 and founflers thereof. The burfes of colleges are not bene- 

 fices, but mere places affigned to certain countries and per- 

 fons. A burfe becomes vacant by the burfer's being pro- 

 moted to a cure, as being incompatible. 



Bursa, or Prusa, in Geography, a beautiful town of 

 Afiatic Turkey, in the province ot Natolia, fituate at the 

 northern foot of mount Olympus, and well watered by 

 fprings. The Jews have four iynagognes, the Creeks three 

 churches, and a metropolitan : the Armenians have likewifc 

 a church, and an archbifhop. The Berelline is a fpacious 

 cditice, well built and tlUed with v/arehoufei and fhops, in 



BUR 



which are orpofed to falc all kinds of merchandizes, brought 

 hither from the Levant, belides the btautifn! carpets, (ilk 

 fluffs, velvet, &c. niauufa»auied in the city itfelf. Tli# Bi- 

 fhynian filk, which is the finell in Turkey, is moniy manu- 

 fadured here, beiides confidcrable quantities brought from 

 Perils, which, though lefs fine, is wrought by the Frufiaii 

 workmen, who are allowed to be the bell in Turkey for 

 weaving hangings, tapeflry, carpets, and fuch articles, 

 which are in great requell, and carried from hence into all 

 parts of Europe. The commerce of this place is much in- 

 creaftd by the caravans that pafs through it from Aleppo 

 and Smyrna to Conftantinople, and alfo to Ifpahan. This 

 city was built by Prufias, king of Bithynia, after whom it 

 was called Prufa or Prulia. In the year 947, it was taken 

 and difmantled by Seifeddulat, an Arabian prince of the 

 race of Hamadan ; but foon afterreconqueredand fortified by 

 the Greek?, who polfclfed it from that time till the year 1 556, 

 when Orchan, the fon of Othman II., the emperor of the 

 Turks, reduced it and made it the feat of his empire. From 

 the conquell of Prufa, authors have dated the true aera of the 

 Ottoiian empire. About a league from the town are fome 

 celebrated warm baths, on the road to which are feen the 

 tombs of feveral fultans, and chapels of marble and jafper. 

 By Tournefort's computation of families, the number of 

 inhabitants has been ellimated at 6o, 000. N. lat. 40° /.■ 

 E. long. 28° 15'. 



Bursa, in Zoolor;y, a fpecies of Alcvonium, called in 

 common the fea-purle. This is fomewhat globular, pnlpous, 

 and green. Gmtl. Pallas delciibcs it as being fubglobu- 

 lar, hollow, very green and foft, or pnlpous, and thickly 

 covered with tranfparent papilhc. 



The alcyonium bui fa inhabits the fea coafls of Europe ; 

 it is coriaceous, and about the fize of a middling apple. 

 'I'he fpecies is termed by Ray, &e. burfa marina: Aurantia 

 marina, C. Bauh. Aurantium marinuin, Marf. lull. mar. &c. 



Bursa mucofa, in Anatomy, is an apparatus for facilitat- 

 ing the motion of mufcles and tendons upon thefe parts on 

 which they are defigned to glide backwards and forwards. 



Tliey are alfo round between other parts which have a fi- 

 niil^r Hiding motion on each other ; as for inllance, between 

 tl'.e joint of the fliouldcr and the acromion. 



The apparatus confills of a bag, one furface of which is 

 clofely conneded to the mufcle, and the other to the fubja- 

 cent parts. 



In flrufture it refembles the burfs or capfules of 

 joints, as iu them there is fecreted into its cavity a flippery 

 fluid like the fynovia. When a mufcle or tendon moves 

 freely and frequently upon a bone, the furface of the latter 

 is rendered more fniooth by a thin crull of cartilage being 

 formed upon it ; and this ciicumllance further increafcs the 

 fimilitude of thefe contrivances to joints. An inflance 

 ot this may be obferved on the upper part of the os calcis 

 upon whicii the tendo Achillis glides. Thefe burfae will be- 

 noticed in the dtfcription of the individual mufcles to which 

 they belong. Dr. Monro has publiflicd a detailed account 

 ot the builx to which the reader is referred, 



ViV«.sA pqftoris, xix Botany, alp'imi, rofca, lutca, Mor. See 

 D R A B a aizoiiles , 



Bursa alpina, hirfuta. C. Bauh. See Draba hiita. 



Bursa major, loculo oblougo. C. Bauh. and J. Bauh. 

 See Draba mura/ls. 



Bursa minor, loculo oblongo. C. Bauh. See Draba 

 •venia. 



Bursa. Fucks. "i 



EvKsA major, folio fmuato, C. Bauh. ( See Thlaspp 



Bursa major, folio nou finuato, C. B. ( Burfa pajloris. 



Bursa media. C. JB, J, 



BURS.1 



