BUR 



Bursa minor. Dod. 1 



Bursa ptinor, foliis incifiJ. C. Bauh. f See T^btris 



Bursa /i.ir'j'rt, folio glabro fpiffo. J. Bauh. (nuJicau/is. 

 Bursa mir.Una, Lob. J 



Bursa orinitaris, Toiirn. See Bunias cormila. 

 BURSALI, in Giogiaphy, a coimtry of Africa, in Ne- 

 grolaiul, fitiiattd on the lide'of the river Gambia; about 12 

 Itagnes in length. 



BuRs.iiis nvifciilus, in /Inalomy, a name given by Cow- 

 per and others to a mufcle of the lliigti, culled alfo marfupi- 

 alit by the fame authors. It is the obturator ir.terniis of 

 Window and Albinus, and is defcribtd by Vefalius under 

 the name of rfaimiis lertiits movinllum, and by SpigcHus un- 

 der l!iat of circuma;^entium tcrtius, or obliiralor intn-nus. 



BURS AM. revocatio per, in the Norman Laius, n a 

 right bclongini; to the next akin, to redeem or purchafe 

 back, within a" year after fale, a fee or tenement alienated 

 by his kinfman, on paying the price it had been fold at. Du- 

 Cangc. 



BURSAR or Burser, Iwfanus, is ufed in Middle Age 

 Writers for a treafuier or cafh-keepcr. 



In this fenfe we meet with burlars of colleges. Conven- 

 tual burfars were officers in monafteries, who were to deliver 

 up their account yearly on the day after Michaelmas. 



The word is formed froin the Latin hirfa ; whence alfo 

 the Englilh word purfe : and hence the like officer, who in 

 a college is called burfar, in a (hip is called purser. 



Bursars or Uursers, in Univerjilics, alfo denote thofe 

 who enjoy certain benefices left for defraying the expences 

 of the education of young men of promifnig parts, and fmall 

 fortune. Aftions brought for the efiefls of a college, are 

 entered in the name of the principals and burfars. See 

 Bursa. 



BURSARIA, Burfary, in Middle Jge Writers, denotes 

 the place of receiving and paying money and rents by the 

 burfars, or officers of account, in religious houfes. See 

 Bursa and Bursar. 



BuRSARiA, in Botany. Cavanilles. Icon. Plant. 350. 

 Clafs and order, pentandria mono<^yma. Gen. Ch. Cal. very 

 fmall, deeply divided into five ftgments. Cor. Petals five, 

 linear. Stam. five. Piji- germ, fnperior, ftyle (liort, ftigma 

 fimple. Peric. capfule heart-thaped, cnmprefTed, one-celled, 

 opening into two parts, each with two valves, and two 

 horn;. Seeds two. 



Sp. Bur/aria Spiiiofa ; a fhrub. Leaves dXternzte, ridge- 

 fliaped, obtufe, emarginate.on {hort petioles. Spines axillary, 

 very long. I'loii'ers reddilh in axillary racemes. A native 

 of New Holland. 



BuRSARiA, in Entomology, a {pedes of Aphis, found on 

 the black poplar, in the hollow excrefcences which it forms 

 in the leaves. 



Bur SARI A, in Zoology,^ fpeciesof sertularia, defcribcd 

 by Ellis, as an inhabitant of the Britifh coalls. The denticles 

 are oppofite, coniprefftd, faftigiate, branched, and dichoto- 

 mous ; called the Shepherd's Purl'e coraUine in Englilh. 



BURSCHEIDT, in Geography, -i town iu Germany, in 

 the bifhopric of Cologn, near Aixla-Chapelie, with a 

 Cillertian abbey, the abbi-fs of which lias a feat in the diet. 



bUR.SE, in Mailers of Commerce, denotes a public edifice 

 for the aflTembly and iutercourfe of merchants and traders ; 

 and is ufed in the fame fenfe with the more modern appella- 

 tion of ExcHANGK. In the times of the Romans, there 

 were p;ihlic places for the meeting of mercha-.its in moil 

 tradi.ig citic- of the empire : that built at Rome in the 259th 

 year afttr its foundition, under the confnlate of Appius 

 Claudius, and Publms Strvihus, was denominated the 

 "College of Merchants," of which fome remains are ftiU 



^ U R 



vifible, and known by the modern Romans, tinder flte tiamc 

 " Loggia." The Hans towns, after the example of tha 

 Romans, gave the name of Colleges to their burfes. 



The firft place of this kind to which the name burfe was 

 given, Gnicciardini alfures us, was at Bruges ; and it took 

 its denomination from a hotel adjoinhig to it, built by a lord 

 of the family de la Bourfe, whofe arms, which arc three 

 purfes, are ftill found on the crowning over the portal of the 

 lioufe. Catcl's account' is fomewhat different, viz. that the 

 merchants of Bruges bought a houfe or apartment to meet in, 

 at which was the fign of thepurfe. From this city the name 

 was afterwards transferred to the like places in others, as in 

 Antwerp, Amltevdam, Bergen in Norway, and London. 



Burse of merchants, Bourfe dcs marchands, denotes a court 

 or jurifdidlion eftabhlhcd in feveral trading cities of France, 

 for the taking cognizance, at the firll inllance, of all difputes 

 arifing between merchants, bankers, negociants, and the Hke, 

 and from which no appeals he but to the parliament. 



The burfe is a kind of confular junfdiftion, the judges 

 whereof are alfo denominated priors and confds. 



The burfe of merchants at Tholoufe was eftablifhed by 

 Heni-y II. in 1549, after the manner of the judges confer- 

 vators of the privileges of the fairs at Lyons. The chief 

 officers are a prior and two confuls, chofen yearly, and em- 

 powered to choofe and affuciate, to the number of fixty, 

 feveral merchants to aifill them in the dccifion of differences. 

 Thefe are called judges sonfeillers de la relenue. The burfe 

 of Rouen, or as it is commonly called, the convention of 

 Rouen, is of fome years later (landing than that of Tho- 

 loufe, having only been erefted in 1566. The lateit of the 

 confular burfes is that of Marfeilles, eftablifhed by Louis XIV. 

 in 1691 ; whofe jurifdiilion extends through feveral of the 

 neighbouring dioccfes. 



BURSEEAH, in Geography, a town of Hindoftau, in 

 the Malwa country, 90 miles E. of Ougein. 



BURSERA, in Botany, (in honour of loachim Burfer, 

 thedifciple of Cafpar Bauhin, whofe Herbarium, confifting of 

 thirty volumes, is now at Upfal,) Linn. gen. 440. Schreb. 

 1608. Juff. 372. Vent. vol. 3. 448. Clafs and order, 

 bexandria monogynia Linn. Polygamia Diacia Schreb. 

 Nat. Ord. Terebintaces Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Ca/.fmall, caducous, one-leaved, with three or 

 five divifions. Cor. Petals, three or five, ovate or lanceolate, 

 a little longer than the calyx, and alternating with its divi- 

 fions. Stamens, fix, eight, or ten : filaments ftraight, fhorter 

 than the petals : anthers ovate or oblong. Pijh germ, fupe- 

 rior, ovate, obtufely three or five cornered : ftyle very fliort : 

 ftigma capitate, obtufe. Peric. capfule one-celled with three 

 fucculent valves, /-mn. on the authority of Jacquin. Berry 

 coriaceous, ovate, three-cornered ; containing under a flefliy 

 pulpy fubftance generally one, but fometimes two, three, or 

 even five ovate, compreffed nuts; convex and even on one fide, 

 angular and uneven on the other, enclofing a kernel. The 

 natural number is more than one, but the reft are gene- 

 rally abortive. La Marck, 



Effen. Ch. Pericarp, a coriaceous drupaceous berry, eon- 

 tainnig from one to five nuts, angular on one fide, and convex 

 on the other. La Marck. 



Obf. La Marck obferves, that as the fruit contains a true 

 ftone with a kernel within it; and as, moreover, it is inclofed 

 111 a pulpy fubllance, and with a flelhy flcin, it cannot be con- 

 iidered as a capfule : but in oppofition to this opinion given 

 in the Encyclopedia, we may rem.ark that, if his figure, 

 (Illuft.) becorred, it opens w'ith three v.ilvcs ; a charaftcr 

 not compatible with the definition either of a berry or a drupe. 

 Authors differ much in their defcription of the frudification. 

 Schreber plages it in the clafs Polygamia, but doubts 



whether 



