BUR 



BUR 



rates this part of tlie county from Derbyfliire. This town 

 has lone; been cclebiatcd for its ale breweries ami itialt-hoiifcs. 

 Tiie Burton ale is a beverage in high repute at mofl of the 

 large towns of England, and is exported to diflerent places 

 on the continent. It is commonly of a thick and glutinous 

 quality, of a fwcctifh tafte, and a fmall fjuantity produces 

 inebriation with thofe perfons not accudomed to it (vide 

 Ale). Among the manufaftures of this place are hats, 

 which are made in large quantities for the army, navy, &c. ; 

 fcrews, fpades, and other iron utenfils, arc alfo made here ; as 

 are fome tammies and woollen cloths. Three extenfive 

 cotton manufaftories are eilabliflied in the vicinity of the 

 town ; and about half a mile diftant, on an illand, is a 

 confiderable forge, for converting bloom and fcrap iron into 

 bars. The river Trent has long been made navigable from 

 Gainfborough to this town for boats of large burthen. The 

 Burton boat company are proprietors of this navigation, and 

 of many boats on the grand trunk canal. I'his palTcs 

 parallel with the town, and at about one mile dillance com- 

 municates with the Trent. 



Burton, in the time of Leland, had "one parifh church, a 

 Aapcl at the bridge end," and was noted for its marble and 

 alabatter works. Here is a long bridge of j6 arches, which 

 croiTes the Trent, and was, according to Mr. Gough, " built 

 in the time of Henry II., or earlier." The parilh church, 

 built in 1722, adjoins the abbey, which was founded by Wul- 

 fric Spot, in 1004, for Benediftines. Some of its ancient walls 

 remain, but are altered and fitted up as the manor houfe. Its 

 abbot had a large piece of hilly ground, about one mile from 

 the abbey, which he called Sinai. This ilill bears the name of 

 Sinai park. Burton was formerly ornamented with a caftle, 

 which, Mr. Gough fays, was built by one of the Ferrars' 

 family, in the time of the Conqueror. Here are a free-fchool, 

 two alms-houfes, and a town-hall, the latter of which was 

 built, in 1772, by the earl of Uxbridge, who is lord of the 

 manor, and holds his courts-lect. Sec. in this ftruiSure. The 

 town has, within a few years, been greatly improved by the 

 paving and lighting of its ftrcets. It has a large market on 

 Thurfdays, and four fairs annually, one of which continues for 

 five days, and is noted for its large (hevi- of horfes. Burton is 

 1 25 miles N.W. from London, and contains 738 houfes, with 

 ^678 inhabitants, the greater part of whom are engaged in 

 trade and manufaftures. Gough's edition of Camden's 

 Britannia, vol.ii. Shaw's Hiflory of Staffordfliire. 



Burton, a fmall tovvn.Tiip of America, in Grafton county. 

 New Hampflure, incorporated in 1766, and containing 141 

 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townfliip in the Britifh province of 

 New Brunfwick, Ctuated in Sunbury county, on the river 

 St. John. 



Burton, in Sea Language, a fmall tackle confiding of 

 two fingle blocks, and a rope pafling through them, until it 

 becomes three or four-fold. It is employed in loading or 

 difcharging goods, as bales, callcs, SiC. and in removing the 

 anchors, or any weighty body, on deck, in fetting up the 

 top-maft. nrrrr'mcT Sec. 



BURUGERD, in Geography, a town of Perfia, in the 

 province of Irak-Agemi ; 92 miles S.E. of Amadan. 



BURULUK, a town of Ruflia, in the government of 

 Voronetz ; y6 miles S.W. of Voronetz. 



BURUN, a town of European Turkey, in the province of 

 Romania ; 50 miles E. of Emboli. 



BURUNNIUTAPCHARA, a cape in the Cafpian 

 Tea, I I2miles S. of Guritv. N. lat. 52° -^o'. £. long. 6j° 14'. 



BURWAH, a town of Hindollan, in the country of 

 Bahar; 15J miles S. of Patna. N. lat. 23° 10'. E. long. 

 84-30'. 



BURY, is fometimes ufed to denote the hole or den of 

 fome animal under ground. See Burrow. 



In which fenfe we fay the bury of a mole, a tortoife, or 

 the like. The gryllotaipa, or mole cricket, digs itfclf a 

 bury with its fore-fcct, which are made broad and llrong for 

 that purpofe. Naturalifts fpeak of a kind of urchins in 

 the ifland of Maraguan, which have two entries to their 

 buries, one towards the north, the other to the fouth, which 

 they open and fliut alternately, as the wind happens to 

 lie. 



Bury, in Geography, a market town of Lancafliire, Eng- 

 land, is fcated in a fine valley on the banks of the river 

 Irwcl!, at th;' diftance of 195 miles N.W. from London, and 

 9 miles N. of Mancheller. Situated in the midil of a great 

 manufafturing dillrift, mod of its houfes and inhabitants arc 

 appropriated to and engaged in the cotton works. Leland 

 mentions Bury as being only a poor market-town in his 

 time, hut it has now acquired confiderable wealth and com- 

 mercial importance ; which has partly arii'en from the laud- 

 able exeitions of fir Robert Petlc bart., who, having a feat 

 at Chamber-hall in this neighbourhood, has ellablilhcd and 

 promoted fome large manufaftories for calico printing, &c. 

 The principal of thefe works, under the firm of Peele and Co. 

 are fituated on the fide of the Irwell, from which they have 

 large i-cfervoirs of water. 



The cotton manufaftories, which are now fo very flourifii- 

 ing in this diilriiS, appear to have been brought here from 

 Bolton in Vorkfiiire. Since their eilabliiliment at Bury, 

 they have been greatly facilitated and promoted by means of 

 various fcientific and mechanical contrivances, which fir 

 Robert Peele has encouraged. Among the inventions that 

 have been brought forward under his patronage, is one called 

 the wheel, or flying fliuttlc, which was fird made by Mr. 

 Robert Kay. This engine is calculated to make feveral 

 cards at once. It draightens the wire out of the ring, cuts 

 it into lengths, ftaples it, crooks it into teeth, pricks the 

 lioles in the leather, puts the teeth in, rov/ after row, and 

 performs the whole with a fingle operation of the machine, 

 in an expeditious manner, by one ptrfon turning a fliaft. 



The parifii of Bury is large, and divided into fix townlliips, 

 and has four chapels of eafe, befides a modern handfomc 

 church in the town. The prefbyterians, independents, and 

 methodifts have alfo places of worfhip. Here is a handfome 

 free-fchool, well endowed, and provided with two maders ; 

 alfo a charity fchool for boys and girls. About one half of 

 the town is leafehold, under the earl of Derby, and the re- 

 mainder is glebe belonging to the reftory. The living, in 

 the gift of that earl, is rendered very valuable from the fol- 

 lowing circumdance : an aft of parliament pafTcd in 1764, 

 empowering the redor, for the time being, to grant building 

 leafes for 99 years, renewable at any intervening period, on 

 an agreement between the parties. The relative population 

 of Bury, and its prefent extent, may be cilimatcd from 

 comparing the accounts of each in 7773 and iSoi. In the 

 former period there were 463 houfes and 2090 inhabitants, 

 and at the latter, according to the report of the houfe of 

 commons, 1384 houfes and 7072 inhabitants. 



According to tradition there were two cadles in and near 

 this town. Indeed, its name prirtly confirms this ; and at 

 the wed end of the town is a field called Cajlle croft, where 

 foundation walls have been dug up. At CajVe Jlcads in 

 Walmflty was an encampment ; and near it is an eminence 

 called Cadle-hill. Aikin's Defcription of the Country 

 round Manchcder, 410. 1795. 



Bury St. Edmiiiuls, is a large, populous, and ancient 



borough town in tlie A)unty of Sufi'olk, England, and 



4E 3 feated 



