BUS 



It appears from tliis author's account alio, that a crop of 

 this kind of vctcli " may be cut three or four times, and in 

 fome cafe3 even fo early as the beginning of March ;" a 

 circumlkance of much importance to fuch farmers m have 

 a large (lock of cattle. In his trials with this plant, cut in 

 this wav, a plat of good lliffilli loamy land, of twenty-five 

 fqnare yards, produced, 



111 cutting, 1 61b. green, fuppofed 4lb. dry. 



2d do. 1.50 do. would have weighed 21-4 dry. 



3d do. 62 do. would have weighed 14 dry. 



4th do. 76^ do. would have weighed 12^ dry. 



Total I^r green. .r- dry. 



An acre, therefore, fays lie, reckoning 4840 fquare yards 

 to it, in the fame circumllances, would have produced the 

 total amount uf 



Tuns cwt. qrs. lb. 

 24 11 3 5 gi-een- 

 4 9 ;5 15 dry-fodder. 



And it is further added, that " at the time the firft cutting 

 was made there was fcarce a green blade of grafs to be 

 feen ; and that the feafon, till after the third cutting, was 

 as unfavourable to vegetation as perhaps any, in the memory 

 ofm.an." 



It is faid to fuccced bed: on foils of the clayey kind ; 

 but from the ftems riling fo clofcly together there is danger, 

 in moill feafons, of their rotting at the root. See Vetch. 



Bush, burning, in Scripture Hiftory, denotes that bulh 

 in which God manifcfted himfelf to Mofes at the foot of 

 mount Horeb, as he was feeding the flocks of his father-in- 

 law, by the fchechinah or fymbol of his prefence in a flame 

 of fire. Exod. chap. iii. The emblem of the burning-bulh 

 is ufed as the feal of the church of Scotland, with this 

 motto : " Tho' burning, is never confumed." 



BusH-/;W, among Bird-Calchers, denotes an arm or 

 bough of a bufhy-tree, full of thick and long, yet fmooth 

 and ftraight twigs, daubed over with bird-hme, and placed 

 on fome hedge where birds frequent, ufed efpecially for the 

 taking of pheafants and fieldfares. See Bird-//W. 



BUSHEER, or Abusch>ehhr, in Geography, the ca- 

 pital of an independent (late of Arabia of the fame name, 

 near the Perfian gulph, pofftfling a commodious harbour, 

 in which fliips can approach clofe to the houfes. This cir- 

 cumftance induced Nadir Sliah to ftation a fleet here. 

 Since that time, this city has been better known, and 

 become more confiderahle. It is at prefent the fca-port 

 town of Schiras ; and the Englilli, the only European 

 nation who continue to trade with Perfia, have a factory in 

 this place. Tiie Arabs inhibiting the diihict of Abui'ch- 

 sehhr are not of the tribe of Houle, who pofTcfs all the ports 

 on the whole coafl from Bender Abbas to Cape Berdiftan. 

 Among them arc three eminent families ; the two firft of 

 which have been, from time immemorial, fettled in this 

 country. The third, named " Matarifch," came lately 

 from Oman, where they were employed in hfliuig, entered 

 into alhance with the other two, and found means to ufurp 

 the fovercign authority, w-hich they have now held for 

 feveral years. The prefent fchcich of this farrily poflcffcs 

 likcwife the ifle of Bahrein, by which he is enaUltd to main- 

 tain fome fhipping, and he has alio confiderable domains 

 in KermcTir. By abandoning the Sunnites, becoming a Shiite, 

 and marrying a Perfian lady, he had rendered himitlf odious 

 to his fubjefts and neighbours ; and his children are no 

 longer reckoned among the Arabian nobihty. Abu-fchaehhr 

 lies fonth from Bender- Rigk, which fee. 



BUSHEL, a meafure of capacity for things dry ; as 

 grains, pulfe, dry fruits, &c. containing four pecks, or 

 ^ight gallons, or one eighth of a quarter. 



BUS 



Du-Cantrc derives the word from litjfellus, bujlclhis, or lif. 

 felliis, a diminutive of bu-z., or luza, ufed in the corrupt 

 Latin for the fame thing : others derive it from hujfulus, an 

 urn, wherein lots were call ; which fecmsto be a corruption 

 from buxulus, 



IhiffiUus appears to have been firft ufed for a liquid mea- 

 fure "of wine, equal to eight gallons. " OJo I'thrs Juciunt 

 giiloncm viui, ifj oclo galones -vini faciunt buflcUum London, 

 quit ejl oUava pars quarhrii." The word was foon after tranf- 

 ferred to the dry meafure of corn of the fame quan- 

 tity. — " Poniiui 080 librarum frumenti facit buffellum, de 

 qaibus oclo conjljlit quarlcrium." 



By 12 Hen. VII. cap. j. a burtielis to contain eight gal- 

 lons of wheat : the gallon, eight pounds of wheat, troy- 

 weight ; the pound, twelve ounces troy- weight ; the ounce, 

 twenty -fterlings ;and the ilerling, thirty-two grains, or corns 

 of wheat growing in the midft of the ear. 



This ftandard bufliel is kept in the Exchequer ; when, be- 

 ing filled with common fpring water, and the water meafured 

 before the houfe of commons in 1696, in a regular pa- 

 rallelepiped, it was found to contain 2145.6 folid inches; 

 and the faid water, being weighed, amounted to 1 131 ounces 

 and 14 penny weights troy. Greaves, Orig. of Weights, 

 p. 35. 



By aft of parliament made in April 1697, it was deter- 

 mined, that every round bufhel with a plain and even 

 bottom, being made 18-5 inches wide throughout, and S 

 inches deep, Ihould be efteemed a legal " Winch;ller bulhel," 

 according to the ftandard in his majefty's exchequer. A 

 vtflel thus made will contain 2150.42 cubic inches; and 

 confequently the corn gallon contains only 268|. cubic inches. 

 Ward's Mathematics, p. j6. 



Befides the ftandard or legal bufliel, we have feveral local 

 buflicls, of different dimenfion? in different places. At 

 Abingdon and Ar.dover, a bufliel contains nine gallons; 

 at Appleby and Penrith a bufhel of peafe, rye, and 

 wheat, contains 16 gallons; of barley, big, malt, mixt 

 malt, and oats, 20 gallons. A bufhel contains at Carlifle, 

 24 gallons ; at Chefter, a buflicl of wheat, rye, &c. con- 

 tains, 5 2 gallons, and of oats 40; at Dorchefter, a bufliel 

 of malt and oats contains 10 gallons; at Faln-outh, the 

 bufhel of ftricken coals is 16 gallons, of other things 20, 

 and ufually 2 1 gallons ; at Kingllon upon Thames, the 

 bufhel contains eight and a half, at Newbury, 9 ; at Wy- 

 comb and Reading, eight and three fourths ; at Stamford, 

 16 gallons. Houghton. Colleft. torn. i. n. 46. p. 42. 

 At Paris, by the old meafures, the bufhel was divided into 

 two half bulhels ; the half bufhel into two quarts ; the quart 

 into two half quarts ; the half quart into two litrons ; and 

 the litron into two half litrons. By a fentence of the pro- 

 voft of the merchants of Paris, the bufliel vvas to be eight 

 inches two lines and an half high, and ten inches in diameter; 

 the quart four inches nine lines high, and fix inches nine 

 lines wide ; the half quart four inches three lines high, 

 and five inches diameter ; the litron three inches and an 

 half high, and three inches ten lines in diameter. — Three 

 hufhels made a nr.inot, fix a mine, twelve a feptier, and an 

 hundred and forty-four a mnid. 



In other parts of France, the bufhel varied : fourteen one 

 eighth bufliels of Amboife and Tours made the Paris fep- 

 tier. Twenty bufluls of Avignon made three Paris fep- 

 t'ers. Twenty bafliels of Blois made one Paris feptier. 

 Two bufliels of Bourdeaux made one Paris feptier. Thirty- 

 two bufhcls of Rochel made nineteen Paris feptiers. 'Oats 

 were meafnied in a double proportion to other grains; 

 fo that twtnty-four bufhels of oats made a feptier, and 

 248 a raaid. The bulhtl of cats was divided into four pi- 



cotins, 



