C A C 



CACALIiE, in Entomology, a fpeciee of Chrysomela 

 that inliabits Auftria : the colour is grccnirti, with a longi- 

 tudinal ihcak on the wing-cafes and future blue : wings red. 

 Herblh 



CACALIANTHEMUM, in Botany, Dill. Ekh. See 

 Cacalia Papillaris and C. Kleinia. 



CACALLA, or Cazalla, in Geography, a town of 

 Spain, in the country of Seville, famous for its wine ; 40 

 miles N. of Seville. 



CACALOTL, in Onnlholo^y, the Brafilian name of 

 the CoRvus VARius of BrifTon, a variety of our common 

 raven, according to Fernaiirl's Hiftory of New Spain, &c. 



CACALOTOTL. Ray dcfcribes the lefFer ani of mo- 

 dern writers, Crotophaga ani of Gmehn, under this 

 name. 



CACAMO. See Acamantis. 



CACAO, in Bviany. See Theobroma and Choco- 

 late. The cacao nuts are ufed by the Indians as money ; 

 150 of the nuts being ellimated at much the fame value 

 with a Spanidi ryal. 



Cacao affinis. Sloane. See Randia mitis. 

 Cacao, in Entomology, a fpecies of Bruchus, found 

 among the feeds of the Theobroma. The body is fufcous 

 with grifeons fpots. Fabricius, &c. 



CACAOTETE, in Natural Hijory, the name by which 

 the Brafilians call the Belemnites, which is very common 

 with them as well as with us. 



CACAPEHON, in Geography, a river of Virginia, 

 which runs about 70 miles north-eaftcrly along the wellern 

 fide of north ridge, and difchargcs itfelf into Potowmack 

 river, 30 miles N. from Fredericks-town. 



CACARA, in Botany, Rumph. See Dolichos un- 

 guiailattis and pniricns. 



CACASTOL, in Ornithology, the name given by Buf- 

 fdn to the Mexican flare, Sturnus Mexicanus, a bird of 

 a blue colour varied with black. Ray calls it Caxcaxtotatl, 

 and Briffon Cofinga Mexicana. 



CACATOCHA of Falent, in Ichthyology. See Cory- 

 PH«NA TENTADACTYLA. The fifli Called by the fame 

 writer Cacatoch a Babintang is the Ch^^todon Argus 

 of Brunniche, a fpecies diftinguilhed by having eleven 

 dorfal fpines, the body marked with many black dots, and 

 the tail entire. 



CACATORY/fw/-, a denomination given by Sylvius to 

 an intermittent fever, accompanied with a fevere loofenefs, 

 and fometimes gripes. 



CACATUA, in Ornithology, fynonymous ivith Kakatoc, 

 and Cockatoo. BrifTon calls the leffer white Cockatoo, 

 Psittacus sulthureus of Gmel. Cacatua luteo-crijlata. 

 His cacatua minor is the red vented cockatoo of Brown ; and 

 the cacatua rubro-criftata, the greater red-crcfled cockatoo 

 of Latham, S:c. 



CACAVATE, in Botany, a name given to the cacao 

 (Theobroma Linn.) in the general hillory of plants pub- 

 lifhed at Lyons, 15S7. 



CACCARI, in Geography, a town of Naples, and pro- 

 vince of Calabria Citra ; 10 miles W. of Umbriatico. 



CACCAVONE, a town of Naples, in the country of 

 Mohfe : 9 miles N. of Molife. 



CACCIA, a fmall diftria of the ifland of Gorfica. See 

 Algeri. 



Caccia, Ital. Chasse, Fr. a mufical term for a i/»»/;'n^- 

 piece. Cornoda caccia, a hunting horn, commoaly called a 

 French horn. Alia caccia, in the hunting ityle. See 

 Chace. 



CACCINI, GiuLio Romano, in Biography, one of the 

 firft cultivators oi recitative during the latter end of the i6th 

 Vol. V. 



C A C 



century at Florence. He is faid, by Gio Battifta Doni, 

 to have been a young, elegant, and f^piritcd finger, accuf- 

 tomcd to attend the meetings of a fociety of learned noLIc- 

 inen and gcnlhnien at Florence ; the meti hers of which fo- 

 ciety were nuitli difpleafed with the little rcfpeCl that was paid 

 to lyric poetiy by tlie compofers of that time, who thought 

 of nothing but fugues, canons, and crowded harmony, which 

 being totally devoid of melody, rendered the words that were 

 fet in this manner wholly unintelligible ; as the mufic was all 

 in chorufcs, fiigalo, where every part was finging different 

 words at the fame time. Thefe gentlemen wifhed to dif- 

 cover fome kind of fimple melody that would tune decla- 

 mation, admit of harmony occafionally, and approach at 

 nearly as pofTiblc to the declamation of the ancients ; which 

 they were fure was in mufical intervals, as it was accompa- 

 nied by inflrumcnts. Tibi£ pares et impares. 



" Caccini being feized with a paflion for this kind of 

 mufic, ftudied it with great diligence, compollng and fing- 

 mg to a fingle inftrument, which was generally the Theorbo 

 lute, played by Bardillo, who happened then to be at 

 Florence. In imitation therefore of Galilei, but in a more 

 beautiful and pleafing flyle, Caccini fet many canzonets and 

 fonnets, written by excellent poets, and r.ot by fucli 

 wretched fcriblers (rimatori a do'z.^tina) as were ufually em- 

 ployed before, and are flill frequently the favourites of mu- 

 ficians ; fo that he may be faid to have been the firll to fee 

 this error, and to difcovcr that the art of counterpoint will 

 not alone complete the education of a nmfician, as is gene- 

 rall)^ imagined. And he afterwards confefTed, in a difcourfc 

 prefixed to his works, that the converfations held at Count 

 del Vernio's were of more ufe to him, than thirty years 

 lludy and exercife of his art. Here he like wife claims the 

 merit of having firft publiflred fongs for a fingle voice, 

 which, indeed, had the greateft fuccefs. And it mufl be 

 confefTed, that we owe to him, in a great meafure, the new 

 and graceful manner of finging, which at that time fpread 

 itfelf all over Italy ; for he compofed a great number of airs 

 which he taught to innumerable fcholars, and among the 

 rell to his daughter, who became a famous finger, and dill 

 continues very excellent in that faculty. 



" In the recitative ftyle, however, Caccini had a formi- 

 dable rival in Jacopo Peri, a Florentine, who was not only 

 a good compofer, but a famous finger, and performer on 

 keyed iiiftrumcnts, having been taught by Chriflopher 

 Malvezzi ; and applying with great diligence and enthufiafni 

 to this kind of finging, fucceeded wonderfully, and met wiili 

 univerfal applaufe. 



" The firll poem fet in this new manner was Dafne, a 

 pafloral written by Rimiccini, and fet by Jacopo Pen and 

 Caccini, in a manner which charmed the whole city." See 

 Recitative and Opera. 



Various experiments in dramatic mufic were made at the 

 houfes of the nobility of Florence, previous to the exhibi- 

 tion of the firft ferious opera, which was the Euridice, 

 written by Rinuccini, and chiefly fet by Jacopo Peri, for 

 the royal nuptials of Mary of Medicis with Henry IV. 

 of France, in 1600. Though the mufic of this drama 

 went under the name of Peri, who performed a part in it 

 hiinfelf, yet he confeiles in his preface that Giulio Caccini, 

 " whofe great merit was known to the whole world," com- 

 pofed fome parts of it, and taught the fingers. Caccini 

 himfelf afterwards fet the entire drama of Euridice to mufic 

 infAlo Rapprefentativa, and publifhed it at Florenre. Speci- 

 mens of his mufical recitation are given in Bnrnty's General 

 Hiftory of Mufic, vol. IV. fo that there can be no doubt 

 but that Caccini was one of the firft founders of the mufical 

 drama or Opera, whence all the improvements in fetting 

 4 O words, 



