C A C 



A'wA lesvfs twice pinnate, white with clown : flem naked : 

 feeds pcrfc<;lly plain." Rod p.ienniai, very lona:, ^'^"'■^ ^"^ 

 aromatie, piodiicinc; when chewed an abundance of faliva in 

 the month, and on th.it account employed as a cure for the 

 tooth-ache. Pinnules of the radical leaves ternatc, the leaf- 

 lets eleijantly incurved upward?. Sle:ti finiple, flreakcd, 

 from nine to twenty one inches high, panicled at top witli 

 \imbclUd branches forming a kind of thyrfe ; naked, with 

 the exceptioi^ of a (lipule-like leaf at the origin of each 

 branch, cut nearly half way down into three or four feg- 

 ments, and a pair of (hort lanceolate leaves a little above the 

 middle of each branch. Fio-.ucn yellow. Gartner obfervcs, 

 that the llrnfturc and polition of the cotyledon of the feed is 

 very fuigular, being leafy, elliptic, divaricated downward and 

 coliatcral, nearly as in menifpernium, except that both are in- 

 cluded in one cell of the albumen. Found abundantly by Pal- 

 las in the arid deferts, between the Volga and the Jaick. 



2. C. Morl/oni, Willd. Allion. Anft. p. 2J. Morif. 

 Umb. 63. PI. 3. f. 1. C. lasvigata. La Marck Encyc. i. 

 p. 2^6. " Leaves fuper-dccompound, brilUe-fliaped, cut 

 into many fegments : feeds plain, fmooth." Vahl. Symb. 



3. p. 49. Ryit perennial, long, thick as a man's arm, 

 white. Sum two or three feet high, ftriated, fmooth. 

 Ri/ot-leaViJ large, finely cut ; the lad fegments briftle-diaped 

 and (hort : upper leaves of the (lem oppofite. Flowers yel- 

 low. SeaL white, fmooth, not furrowed. La Marck quotes 

 the libaninis of Gouan as a fynonym of this fpecies ; but 

 Gouan defcribes the feeds of his plant as furrowed. Pro- 

 felTor Martyn obfcrves, that the libanotis of Gouan feems 

 to be a different fpecics from that of Linnzus. A native 

 of Spain, Italy, and the fouth of France. 3. C. Libanotis, 

 Linn. Sp. PI. Morif. Hift. 3. p. 267. S. g. PL i. fig, 6. 

 Umb. PI. J. f. J. Libanotis ferulx folio, fcmine angulofo. 

 Bauh. Pin. J 58. " Leaves twice pinnate; leaflets acute, 

 much divided; feeds furrowed, fmooth." i?ow perennial, 

 large, white, branched, aromatic. 5'/cot tliick, round, fmooth, 

 finely ftriated, leafy, branched, about two feet high. Leaves 

 large, green, almolt as finely cut as the preceding. Flowers 

 yellow. The whole plant has an aromatic, fweet fmell, and 

 is eftecmed carminative, aftringent, and anti-ifteric. A na- 

 tive of Italy, the fouth of France, and the coaft of Barbary. 



4. C.ficula, Linn, Sp. PI. Morifon. Hift. j. p. 267. S. 9. 

 PI. I. f. 3. Umb. PI. 3. f. 2. " Leaves many times di- 

 vided; lea.lcts linear, acute : feeds furrowed, hifpid." Root 

 perennial, large, long, branched. Stem two or three feet 

 high, thick, round, ftriated, fmooth, branched. Radical- 

 leaves a little refembling thole of Peucedanum, large, a little 

 rough to the touch : their common petiole imperfeiflly cy- 

 lindric, ftriated- F/oTUirrj yellow. Sceils deeply channelled, 

 angular, remarkably rough. ■;. C. tiiurica, Willd. " Leaves 

 twice pinnate ; leaflets linear, acute ; feeds furrowed, tu- 

 btrcltd." Leaves as in the preceding, but narrower. In- 

 volucre univcrfal, none; partial ot eight or ten linear leaflets. 

 Flowers dioicous. Seeds three times lefs than thofe of the pre- 

 ceding, furrowed, thickly fet with large, globular, often red- 

 difti tubercles. Willdenow, from a dried fpecimen. A native 

 of Taurisand Siberia, 6. C. cretica, Willd. La Marck En- 

 eye. J. p. 257. "Leaves twice pinnate; leaflets lanceo- 

 late, ferrated ; feeds furrowed, rough." Root perennial. 

 .9.'™; two feet and a half high, chatmelled ; leaflets refembling 

 thofe of Angelica Sylveftris. Seeds ovate-pointed, blackifli, 

 channelled, rough with ftiff hairs, and furnilhed with a re- 

 markably fungous integument. A native of Candia. 7- C 

 fanacifotta,Wi\\A. Vahl. Symb. i. 2j. Martyn's Miller. 

 (C. paftfnacea, LaMark Encyc. C. ficula, Morif. Hift. 3, 

 p. ^6/. Sec. 9. PI. I. f. 4. Panax ficuliiiti, Boccone. Sec. i. 

 Pi. I.) " Radical- leaves pinnate, ovate-obtufe, fomewhat 



C A C 



lobcd ; feeds hirfute." Root perennial. Stem four or five 

 feet higli, almoft naked; branches alternate. Radueil-lvaiies 

 large, unequally winged with five or three leaflets, elliptic, 

 obtiife ; crenulatcd, and fometimes lobed, pubefcent, a little 

 harfli to tlie touch, of a greyifti green colour : leaflets at the 

 fummit of eaeii leaf, decurrent on the petiole. Flowers 

 white. Involucres of from fix to nine leaves. Germs cover- 

 ed witli white hairs. La Marck. Seeds a little fpungy. 

 Vahl. A native of Sicily, Spain, and Barbary. 



Cachrvs Orleiitalis, Tournef. Cor. 23. Travels, 2. 

 p. 121. PI. See LAsi;RPiTiUMy>rtt//7/r/)«. 



Cachrys, in Entomology, a fpecies of Papilio [Hefperia 

 Fabr.) that inhabits Cayenne. The wings are entire, yel- 

 lowifli, with a common brown border fpotted with white. 

 Fabr. &c. 



CACHU, Cachou, or Catechu. See Catechu. 



CACHUNDE, the name of a medicine highly celebrated 

 among the Chinefe and Indians, and made of feveral aro- 

 matic ingredients, the perfumes, medicinal earth, and pre- 

 cious ftones: they make the whole into a ftiff pafte, and 

 form out of it feveral figures according to their fancy, 

 which are dried for ufe ; thefe are principally ufed in the 

 Eaft Indies, but are fometimes brought over to Portugal. 

 In China, the principal perfons ufually carry a fniall piece 

 in their mouths, which is a "continued cordial, and gives 

 their breath a VC17 fweet fmell. It is a highly valuable 

 medicine alfo, in all nervous complaints, and is eftecmed 

 a prolonger of life, and a provocative to venery, the 

 two great intentions of moft of the medicines in ufe in the 

 Eaft. 



CACHYMIA, in Metallurgy, a term ufed by Paracclius 

 for an imperfedl metalline ore, as he expreffes it, an immature 

 metalline body, which is neither a faline fubftance nor a 

 metal. 



The cachymis may be divided into fulphureous, as mar- 

 cafite ; mercurial, as arfenic or orpiment ; and faline, as all 

 talcs. 



CACIDARI, in ^Indent Geography, a people of Scythia, 

 on this fide of Imaus, according to Pliny. 



CACIQLIES, in Hi/lory, a denomination anciently given 

 in America to governors of provinces and generals of armies. 

 It was alio appropriated to the fovereigns of the five great 

 kingdoms into which the ifland of Hifpaniola was divided 

 when the Spaniards firft vifited it, and alfo to the fovereigns 

 of the principalities or kingdoms in the other iflands. Their 

 power over the fubjedl, which was hereditaiy, was abfolute, 

 and they were regarded with almoft idolatrous veneration. 

 Befides thefe, there were alfo fubordinate chieftains, or 

 princes, who were tributaries to the fovereign of each diftrift. 

 They feem to have fomewhat refembled the ancient barons 

 or feudatories of Europe ; holding their poftefllons by the 

 tenure of fervice. Oviedo (lib. iii. c. 4. ) relates, that they 

 were under the obligation of perfonally attending the fove- 

 reign, both in peace and war, whenever they were fo com- 

 manded. We have already obferved, that the dignity of the 

 Cacique was hereditary : but if Martyr is to be credited, the 

 law of fucceffion among them was different from that of all 

 other people ; for he obferves (P. Martyr, dccad. iii. lib. 9.) 

 that the Caciques bequeathed the fupreme authority to the 

 children of their fifters, according to feniority, and difin- 

 herited their own offspring ; being certain, as he further ob- 

 ierves, that, by this policy, they prefervcd the blood-royal, 

 which might not happen to be the cafe in advancing any of 

 the children of their numerous wives. The account of 

 Oviedo, however, is more probable ; he remarks (lib. v. c. 3.) 

 that one of the wives of each Cacique was particularly 

 diftinguiflied above the reft, and appears to have been con- 

 J fidered 



