C A C 



pod. Tliefe cuttings, previous to planting, ftiould, as in 

 tlie otlicr forts, be laid in a dry place, ten or fifteen days, 

 to heal over the cut parts ; ard the hot-lioufe kinds, by be- 

 ing then plunged in tlie bark-bed, or other hot-bed, will be 

 greatly promoted in tlieir rooting ; but the green-houfc 

 fort, or common oJ>unlia, readily llrikcs root without, though 

 it is greatly forwarded by fuch aflillance. They all require 

 the earth to be occafionally moiftcned a little. In the fummer 

 fcafon. tliey likewife often require water, but it mull not be 

 given in large quantities, left it rot them ; and in winter, it 

 fliould be proportioned to the warmth of the (love; as, if the 

 air be kept very warm, tliey require to be often refredicd 

 with a very little to prevent the branches flirinkiiig ; but if 

 kept in only a moderate degree of warmth, little is necef- 

 fary. The heat in which they thrive bed is that marked 

 temperate on botanical thermometers, as when kept too 

 warm in winter, it canfes their flioots to be very weak and 

 tender. The forts which are inclinable to grow upright 

 fhould have their branches fupported with (lakes, to prevent 

 their being broken down with their ov.n wcijjht. Plants of 

 this fort are moftly expofed to the open air in the fummer 

 feafon ; but they thrive much better when continued in the 

 floves, provided they have free air ; as when fet abroad, the 

 rains much dimini(h their beauty, retard their growth, 

 and prevent their producing flowers and fruit in fuch 

 plenty, as when conllantly kept protefted in the houfe. 



Cactus, in Natural Hi/lory, a fpecies of MaJrepura, 

 with compreffed, divergent, dichotomous, branches, carina- 

 ted at the margin, and fides contiguoufly ftellated, found 

 only ill a foflil ftate. Forfk. Fn. Arab. 



C.A.CULE, in the Materia Medica, a name given by 

 Aviccnna, Serapio, and all the other Arabian writers, to 

 the cardamon feeds. They di(lingui(h two kinds of this 

 fruit, a larger and a fmaller. Tne larger is the grain of 

 paradife, and the fmaller the common cardamom feed of 

 thefe times. They alfo called the cardamoms in general 

 by the name heil, and diftinguifhed the fmall kind, now 

 principally in ufe, by the word hilbanc, which after-writers 

 corrupted into bilbave and hilbua, or hdhua. 



CACULO, in Geography, a fmall town of Africa, near 

 the river Faleme, on its eaftern bank. N. lat. 13° 56'. 

 W. long. 10° 20'. 



CACU3, in Entomology, a fpecies of Sphinx, with 

 black, indented wings, marked with three pale approximate 

 ftreaks : poflerior pair black ftriated with black. Cramer, 

 &c. Inhabits Surinam. 



Cacvs, in Fabul'jus H'ljlory and Mythology, the fon of 

 Vulcan, reprefented by Virgil a= a monller, half man and 

 half fatyr, and of an enormous height, difcharging from 

 his mouth (Ireams of flame. The fable reports that Her- 

 cules, after the defeat of Geryon, condufted his herd 

 along the banks of the Tiber, and whilft they were feeding 

 fell allecp. In the mean while Cacus Hole a-^ay eight 

 cows, and, in order to efcape deteftion, drew them back- 

 wards by their tails into his den on moimt Aventine. 

 When Hercules determined to quit thefe paftures, the low- 

 ing of thofe bulls which remained wae anfwered by that of 

 the cows which Cacus had Itolen, and thus the theft was 

 difcovered. Hercules ran with great fury towards the 

 cavern ; but found its entrance clofed by a large rock, 

 which was fufpendid by chains of iron forged by Vulcan. 

 However, he removed the rock and found his way into the 

 den amidft the flames and fmoke vomited by the monfter, 

 feized him by the throat, and ftrangled him. In memory 

 of this vittory, the inhabitants of mount Aventine obferved 

 a yearly felUval in honour of Hercules. The Latin poets 

 have emulated one another in celebrating this defeat of 

 Cacus. The den of Cacus, fays Bryant (Analyfis of An- 



CAD 



cient Mythology, Vol. II. p. 22), was properly Ca-chus, 

 the cavern or temple of Chus ; from which the potts and 

 later hidorla.is have formed a (Irange perfonage, whom they 

 reprefented as a fiiephcrd, and the fon of Vulcan. There 

 certainly, he fays, itood a temple of old upon the Aventine 

 mountain in Latium, which was the terror of the neigh- 

 bourhood. The cruelties of the pricfts, and their conti- 

 nual depredations, may be inferred from the hiftory of 

 Cacus. Virgil (.£n. lib. viii. v. 190, &c.) makes Evander 

 defcribe the place to .ffineas, though it is fuppofed in h's 

 time to have been in ruins. Livy (lib. i. c. 7.) mentions 

 Cacus as a fliepherd, and a perfon of great llrength and 

 violence. He is alfo mentioned by Plutarch (in Amatorio, 

 vol. ii. p. 762) as vomiting fire and flames from his mouth. 

 As in temples of this fort there were both priefls and 

 prieflcfTes, we read of a Cacus and a Caca. The latter 

 was fuppofed to have been a goddcfs who was made a deity 

 for having betrayed her brother to Hercules. Laftantius de 

 Falfa Religione, apud Inftitut. lib. i. c. 20. The learned 

 Bryant adds, that, under the charafters of Caca and Cacus, 

 we have a hiilory of Cacufian pricfts, who feem to have been 

 a fet of people devoted to rapine and murder. 



CACUTHIS, in Ancient Geography, a river of India^ 

 which, according to Arrian, difcharged itfelf into the 

 Ganges. 



CACYPARIS, ariver of Sicily, on the eaftern coaft, be- 

 tween Syracufe and Helorum. 



CACYRON, a town placed by Ptolemy in the interior 

 part of Sicily. The inhabitants are called by Phny Cacyrini. 



CADA Watfr, a river of Scotland, which runs into 

 Loch Fine ; 9 miles S. W. of Inverary. 



CADABA, in Botany. La Marck Encyc. Forfk. 

 ./Egypt. 68. (Straeniia, Willd. 365. Vahl. Sym. I. p. 20.) 

 Clafs and oxier, gynandria pentandrla Forfl<. Pentandria mO' 

 nogynia Willd. Vahl. Nat. ord. Capparides, JulT. 



Gen. Ch. Calyx tour-leaved, fpreading, deciduous. Cor. 

 petals four or none ; claws filiform, the length of the calyx, 

 fituated on the receptacle of the calyx, two on each fide ; 

 borders lanceolate, waved. Ne3. tubular-ligulate, fituated 

 between the upper divifion of the calyx and the receptacle of 

 the fruftification. Stam. filaments five or four, inlerted on 

 the peduncle of the germ ; anthers upright. PiJ}. germ 

 fuperior, cylindric, pedicelled ; llyle none; ftigma fimple. 

 Peric. capfule pedicelled, c}hndric, one-celled, two-valvtd ; 

 valves revolute. Seeds numerous, kidney-(haped, difpofed in 

 three rows in a kind of pulp. 



E(T. Ch. Calyx four leaved. Nectary ligulate. Capfule 

 pedicrlled, pulpy. 



Obf. It refembles capparis in its pulpy capfules, and 

 cleome in its flowers. Its gynandrous llamens and tubular 

 ligulate neftary diftinguifh it from the former, and its fruit 

 from the latter. Vahl and Willdenow call the pericarp a 

 berry ; JufEeu confiders it as a filique. La Marck ftiles it 

 both a filique and a capfule within the compafs of a few lines . 

 Its valvular ftrudlure is inconfiftent with the effential charac- 

 ter of a berry ; and the fituation of its feeds does not corref- 

 pond with the definition of a fihque : it is therefore properly 

 a capfule. We have preferred Forfkal's original generic 

 name to that afterwards adopted by Vahl. If there be no 

 ftrong reafon to the contrary, the right of priority (hould 

 always be refpefted. 



Sp. I. C. indicay La Marck, (Cleome fruticofa : Linn. 

 Sp. PI. Burm. Ind. 140. tab. 46. f. 3, Strasmia tetrandra. 

 Willd.) " Leaves oblong egg-ftiaped, fmooth ; flowers te- 

 trandrous." A flirub. Stem cylindric, branched. Lea-vet 

 entire, alternate, petioled, fometimes obtufe and fometimcs 

 rather pointed, an inch long, and four or five lines bread; 

 petioles (licrt. Flowers whitifti, peduncled j in ftiort, fimple, 



termi. 



