CAD 



b)- Alexander Eden, a gentleman of Kent, and, making 

 fome relilhnco, was killed, and his body was brought to 

 London. Tims ended an infurreaion, which, under a 

 leader of higlicr rank and greater honour, might have pro- 

 duced a revolution. 



Cade Litmb, in Rural Economy, a young lamb brought 

 up in the houfe wholly by the hand. Where the ewe dies 

 foon after lambing, the young lamb may be prcferved and 

 brought up in this way. 



Cade, oil of, (huile de Cade, Fr. ) is an empyreumatic oil of 

 turpentine, thinner than tar, and obtained along w^ith it in the 

 dilliilationofpine wood. It appears to be very fimilar to what 

 is called in this country fpirit oi tar. See Turpentine. 



Cade's /w'n/, in Gcj^rnphy, lies at the north weft end of 

 the ifland of Nevis, in 'the Weft Indies, and is the neareft 

 cape to Major's bay, at the fouth-eaft end of the idand of 

 St. Cliriftopher's, or St. Kitt's. 



CAHE-zuorm, in Entomology, a name given by fome au- 

 thors to the larvaj of the phrj-ganex, which are found in 

 ditches, and ufed as bait for fifti. See Phryganea. 



CADEL-AUANACU, in Botany, Rheed.mal. a. p.6l. 

 t. 7.1;. Rai. hift. 167. 1S55. Sup. 112. 666 See Croton 

 tiglium. 



' CADELI, Rheed.mal. See Achyrantwes n^..fra, 

 CADELIUM, Rumph. Amb. See Phaseolus Max. 

 CADEMOSTO, orCADAMUsn, Lewis, or properly 

 Alvise DA CA De Mosto, in Biography, a celebrated 

 Venetian navigator, was born about the year 1432 ; and 

 hanng made feveral voyages in the Mediterranean, he left 

 Venice in 145+. and being accidentally driven by a ftorm 

 on the coaft of Portugal, he was employed by the infant 

 don Henry in a voyage of difcovei7. A caravel was fitted 

 out and laden, chiefly at the expence of De Mofto, who em- 

 barked in March 145'; with Vincenzo Diaz, to whom the 

 command of the veffel was entrufted, and proceeded to the 

 coaft of Africa. Being joined at fea by two other veffels, 

 they failed to fome diftance beyond Cape Verd ; but the 

 crews, through fear of the negroes, refufing to proceed 

 further, they were under a necefllty of returning to Portu- 

 gal. In the following year, Cademofto, accompanied by 

 Ufomare, a Genoefe, undertook a fecond voyage with three 

 (liips towards the fame parts ; and having pafTed cape 

 Bl'inco, they were driven by a ftorm on Cape Verd iflands, 

 which had not yet been difcovered. From hence, they 

 proceeded as far as the mouth of the river St. Domingo. 

 Cademoft", after his return to Portugal, piibliflied, in 1464, 

 an account of his voyage, which is valuable, as it contains 

 the carlitft relation extant of the Portugutfe navigations on 

 the African coatt, and of the gold trade of Tombut, and 

 its principal branches. This work was firft publifhed at 

 Vicenza in 1507; it was afterwards tranflated into Latin 

 and French, and inferted by Grinxus in his coUedlion enti- 

 tled " Novus Orbis," and by Ramufio in his colleftion of 

 voyages, and fince in feveral others. The author refided 

 fome years at Lagos in general efteem. He returned to 

 Venice in 1464, and after this period we have no further ac- 

 count of him. Nouv. Dift. Hift. 



CADENA, in Aticimt Geography, a town of Afia Mi- 

 nor, in liithynia. 



CADENAC, in Geography, an ancient town of France, 

 in the department of the Lot, by which river it is furround- 

 ed, feated on a fteep rock, which, having never fubmitted 

 to the Engliftt in their various invafions and conquefts, was 

 invcfted with peculiar privileges; 28 miles E.N.E. of Cahors. 

 CADENCE, in Mufic, denotes a kind of clofe, or reft, 

 either at the end of a fong, or fome of its parts, into which 

 . it is divided as into members, or periods. 



CAD 



The word feems a m<-taphor drawn from the dancing- 

 fchool, where it properly iignifies a paufe, or falK from 

 motion to reft. A cadence is properly when the ],- irts fall, 

 and terminate on a chord, or no'e, the ear feeming naturally 

 to expeft it. Regularly it is to be made on the final or 

 dominant, though fometimes alfo on the mediant or middle 

 chord of a note. 



Cadences in finging anfwer nearly to points or ftops in 

 difcourfe. They are refts contrived to favour the weak- 

 nefs of the performers, as well as Ire hearers, of a mufical 

 compofition. Men »re not able tc fuftain their attention, 

 or their voice, beyond the fpace oi two meafurcs ; even 

 in this fliort interval we perceive the long to fall, and tend 

 rapidly to a paufe, or reft : the notes which introduce thefe 

 paufes, are called cadences, on the proper condiitling and 

 exprcHing of which a great part of the mufician's flcill 

 depends. The chief cadence or clofe is the key itfelf, in 

 which the bafs muft always conclude ; the next in dignity is 

 the fifth above; then, if the key-note is made fliaip, a cadence \ 

 may be made on the fecond of the key ; after which (by t 

 means of a fliarp fifth) on the fixth ; and by a iharp fecond 

 on the third of a key ; after v/hich, returning to the original 

 key and fubjeft, when the hearer is reminded of both, by 

 means of a flat feventh, there may be a clofe in the fourth of 

 the key ; after which, with a fliarp feventh, the piece may 

 terminate by a final cadence or clofe in the original key. 

 See Close, Modulation. 



In all thefe cadences, a major key is underftood. For 

 cadences in a minor key, fee Counterpoint. 



Dr. Pepufch's definition of cadences in mufic is, perhaps, 

 the moft fliort, clear, and comprehenfive, to be found in any 

 elementary book. 



" Cadences in mufic are the fame as ftops in fpeaking or 

 writing ; that is to fay, they are endings or terminations 

 either of a part or of the whole piece of mufic, as ftops 

 arc of a part or of the whole fpeech. For which reafon 

 they are diftinguiflied into full cadences and middle cadences ; 

 thefe laft are like commas and femicolons, after which more 

 is expefted to follow, they not making fo full a ftop as the 

 others ; whereas after a full cadence we are fenfible that we 

 are come to a conclufion." Treatife on Harmony, p. 4. 

 • This author's arrangement of the modulation in the key 

 of C as the reprefentative of all major keys, differs fomewhat 

 from the prefent praftice. It is however that of the 

 greateft mafters of the early part of the laft century. 



12 3 4 5^ 



C, G, E, A, F, c, which include all the concords to the 

 key note. 



In a long piece of mufic, however, he allows a tranfient 

 modulation into D minor, as a fixth cadence. But Dr. 

 Pepufch's modulation into E differs totally from that of the 

 fecular compofers of more modern times. It is, in faft, no 

 more than a femi-cadence on the fifth of the key of A minor, 

 with a fliarp third ; nor is the fcale any thing more than 

 that fpecies of oftave affigned by moft writers on ancient 

 mufic to the Dorian mode. See Mode, and Ancient 

 Music. It begins and ends in E without flat or fliarp; 



EF G A BC D e. Dr. Pepufch fays, that " from the 

 peculiarity of its modulation, whatever is compofcd in this 

 mode or key is fo folemn, and it feems fo much appropriated 

 to church mufic, that it is called by the Italians tuono di 

 chiefa. From the contemplation of this fcale, the fieur 

 Blainville, in 1751, fancied, or wifhcd others to fancy, that 

 he had difcovered a new cadence, or key, diff"erent from the 

 major and minor, the fecond being minor, and the feventh 

 major. See Dift. de Roufieau, art. Mode. 



The refolution of a difcord. according to RouflTeau, is a 



kind 



