CAD 



tained to confiderable eminence in his profcffion. He died 

 at Paris, F..b. 10, 1745. His only work is, " Obferva- 

 tions fur Ics Maladies fcorbutiques," Pans, 1742, i2mo. 

 which was republifhcd, two vears after, with additions. His 

 two fons, Lewis Claude, and Anthony Alexis, who w-ere 

 both brought up to the praaice of medicine, diflinguifhcd 

 themfelves by their publications on the fubjeds of chymillry 

 a.,d pharmacy, of which the following are moll known: 

 «' -Vnalvfv. Chymique d'une Eau Mineralc nouvclkmcnt de- 

 couvcue a PafTy," i7o7. i^mo.; - Reponfe a plufieurs 

 Obfcrvatious de M. Baume fur I'iEther V.triohque, fur le 

 Mereure precipite per fe, fur la Redudion dc Cl.aux, de 

 Cuivre, ct d'Etain a travers Ls Charbon?," Pans, 1775, 

 4to • bcfidts numerous communications to the Academy of 

 Sciences, at Paris, and Curiof. Nat.; of both which Lewis 

 Claude was member. Eloy. Did. HilL 



CADETES, in indent Gcosraphy, a people of Gaul, 

 towards the maritime parts of Armorica. C^far. 

 CADEUMA, a town of Ethiopia, near Egypt. Pliny. 

 CADGE, a round frame of wood on which falconers 

 carry their hawks when they expofe them to fale. 



CADGOLLS, in Geography, a mountain of Scotland, 

 in the county of Rofs ; 6 miles S.E. of Tain. 



CADI, among the Turks and Saracens, denotes an ordi- 

 nary jud{,'e, who decides in all civil controverfics within the 

 diilrid of a town or city, though fubjecl to appeals to fu- 

 perior judges. 



The word is Arabic Hp o'' H^p. q- ^-S'ldgi, formed ot 

 'in, to judge. D'Herbelot writes it cadhi. 



'The term cadi, ufed abfo!utely, denotes the judge of a 

 fmalkr town or village who judges, without appeal, all 

 litigious affairs, not only of the muflulmans, but even thofe 

 of the Jews and Chriilians ; thofe of cities being called mol- 

 hu, or moulds, fornetimes mouli-cadies, or great cadies. The 

 place of a cadi, or of a molla, is frequently occupied by a 

 lieutenant, called na;i, who judges, like them, without ap- 

 peal ; he is a muderis, who runs the career of magiftracy, and 

 IS generally appointed cadi the following year, and feiit to 

 another poll. The cadis remain in this rank, and obtain no 

 othtr advancement befides that of a tribunal, more extenfive, 

 and, confequcntly, more lucrative. They, neverthclefs, be- 

 come moUas of an inferior rank ; fuch are thofe of Bagdad, 

 Philopopolis, &c. ;but thty cannot become cadihfchers, muf- 

 tis, &c. imlefs they enter the grand mofqiie of So'.iman I. and 

 continue their lludies. The^ribunal of juilice is denomi- 

 nated malkama, or meleme. 



We find numerous comp'aints of the avarice, extortion, 

 and iniquity of the Tuikilh cadis ; all juilice is here venal ; 

 the people bribe the cadis ; the cadis bribe the moulas ; the 

 moulas tl-.e cadilcfchers ; and the cadilefchers the mufti. 



It is ufually vain to appeal, even if an appeal were al- 

 lowed, from the fentenc'e of the cadi ; fince the affair is 

 never hcard,ancw, but judgment is paffed on the cafe, as 

 dated by the cadi. Tlie tribunal, whence thefe cadis ilTue 

 their decifions, is fometimes at their own houfes ; but never 

 at any place which correfponds with the idea annexed to fo 

 folcmn an employment. In an empty mean apartment, the 

 cadi is fcated on a mat or wretched carpet ; and on each fide 

 of him are his clerks and fome dnmcftics. The door is open 

 to every body ; the parties appear ; and there, withoi:t in- 

 terpreters, advocates, or attornies, each pleads his own caufe. 

 Squatted on the ground, they (late the fads, difpute, arid 

 reply again in their turns, fometimes the debates aie violent; 

 but the cries of the clerks, and the ftaff of the cadi, foon 

 reftore order and filence. Gravely fmoking his pipe, and 

 twilling the end of his beard round his finger, this judge 

 lillens, interrogates, and concludes by pronouncing a fen- 

 tence without appeal, which at moft. allows but two mo;uhs 



CAD 



delay. The parties are never very v^ell fatisfied ; they retire, 

 however, with refpcft, and pay a fee, eftimated at one- 

 tenth of the litigated property, without murmuring at tlie 

 decifion, as it is invariably direfted by the " infallible Ko- i 

 ran." Venality, indeed, is fo barefaced, and fo impudent, 

 that the parties may bargain for their caufe with the cadi, 

 as they would for any common commodity. Corruption is 

 habitual and general ; nor is it likely to be othcrwife in cir- 

 cumflances, where integrity may be ruinous, and injuftice 

 lucrative ; where each cadi, deciding without appeal, fears 

 neither a revifion of his fentence, nor punifhment for his par- 

 tiality ; and where, in fliort, the want of clear and precife 

 laws afford a thoufand ways of avoiding the fliame of an 

 evident injullice, by opening the crooked paths of commen- 

 taries and interpretations. The cadis, nevertlieltfs, are often 

 caihiered, and punilhcd for notorious injuftice with the baf- 

 tonade and mulifls ; but the law forbids them to be put to 

 death. Conftantinople has had cadis ever fince the year 

 1390, when Bajazet I. obliged John Palscologus, err'peror 

 of the Greeks, to receive cadis into the city, to judge all ■■ 

 controverfies happening between the Greeks and tlie Turks 

 fettled there. In fome countries of Africa, the cadis are 

 alfo judges of religious matters. Among the Moors, cadi 

 is the denomination of their higher order of priefts, or doc- - 

 tors, anfwering to the rabbins among the Jews. 



Cadi, in Ancient Geography, a town of Myfia, according 

 to Steph. Byz ; biit Strabo places it in Phrygia. 



CADIA, in Botany, (the Arabic name of the plant,) 

 Forllc. Arab. 90. Vitman Summa Plant, torn. iii. p. 141. 

 L'Heret. Mag. Encyc. tom. v. p. 20. Vent. vol. iii. 374. 

 (Panciatica, Hort. Pan. 1793. p--9- Spaendoncea, Def- 

 font. Dec Pliilof. V. 56. p. 260.) Clafs and order, decan- 

 dr'ta monogynia. Nat. Ord. Leguminofa, Vent. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. bell-fhaped, five-cleft. Cor. petals five, 

 rarely fix or fevea, inverfcly hea-t-fhaped, eqnal. Slam. 

 filaments ten, rarely more, awl-iliaped, a little curved, gib- 

 bous at their bafe, the length of the corolla, ranged in a 

 circle near the petals ; anthers oblong, incumbent. Pijf. germ 

 pediccUed; ffyle fimple. Perk. Ifgume linear, compreffed, 

 bent at the end, membranous, many-feeded. Seeds oblong, 

 Ihin'ng. 



Eff. Ch. Calyx five-cleft ; petals equal, inverfely heart- 

 fliaped ; legume many-feeded. 



S^.C purpurea, P^xt. Hort. Kew-. 5.492. Pice. Hort. Pan 9, 

 with a coloured figure. A ilirub. Stem about three feet high ; 

 branches and petioles pubefcent. Leaves alternate, unequally 

 pinnate ; leaflets numerous, fometimes oppofite, fometim.es al- 

 ternate, linear, retufe, the nerve commonly ending in a little 

 point ; ftipules brillle-fhaped, caducous. Floivers the co- 

 lour of a peach-bloffom, without fcent ; racemes few-flower- 

 ed, axillary, pendant, fliorter than the leaves. Legume Icfs 

 than a fpan in length. Seeds eight or ten. A native of 

 Arabia. 



CADIANG, a kind of lentiles in Batavia, and the ad- 

 jacent country, which makes a confiderable part of the food 

 of the common people. Dr. Hawkfworth's Account of 

 the Voyage to the South Seas, vol. iii. p. 733. 



CADTAPATAM Point, in Geography, lies on the 

 coaft of Malabar, in the Eaft Indies, near the extremity of the 

 peninfula of India, to the weft of Cape Comorin. Poolytopu 

 village is lituated on the fea-coaft, E. N. E. 4 geographical 

 miles from this point. N. lat. 8° 9' 18". E. long. 77" 

 26' 35". 



CADIAR, a town of Spain in Grenada; 28 miles S. E. 

 of Grenada. 



CADIERE, La, a town of France, in the department 

 of the Var, and d'.ftrift of Toulon ; 3 leagues N. W. of it. 

 CADILESCHER, Cadi-lesker., or Kadilesker, a 



capital 



