CAD 



didributed info difTerent countries. Among the forei^^n 

 niercliant? of a)l nations are many Germans, from Hamlnirg, 

 Bohemia, and Auj^fburg. Tlie former conllitute the ciafs 

 called Hanfeatics, and according to ancient convention enjoy 

 conlidcrable privileges. To foreigners indeed Cadiz is mnch 

 iiidcbt--d for various means of literary intercoiirfe and im- 

 provement, as well as for the wealth refulting from an ex- 

 tended commerce. The maiuifadtures of Cadiz arc princi- 

 pally rellric^ed to ribbons and linen ; and feveval perfons are 

 employed in knotting fdk, and marking llockings received 

 from Nifmes, and intended to be Ihipped for the American 

 fettlements. The molt intertfting branch of induftry in the 

 environs of Cadi/, is the maiuifaAme of fait ; prmliiced by 

 the numerous falt-pools of the illeof Leon, with little labour 

 or expence, becaiife the fun and air quickly caufe the water 

 to evaporate, and leave the fait cryllailizcd. Cadiz is the 

 fee of a bilhop, fnfFragan of Seville. 



The old GndJ'ir was built by the Tyrians ; from them it 

 was traiislerred to tlie Carthaginians ; and after^vards it fell 

 under the dominion of tlie Roman's. It was recovered from 

 the Moots in 1260. In 1596 Cadiz was taken and plun- 

 dered by the Englifh ; and an unlucccfsful attempt was 

 ajain made for feizing it in i^oz. During the late and 

 preteiit war it has been held by the Englilli, at different 

 periods, in a (fate of blockade. In lome of the old Spanilli 

 chronicle.s, this city is denominated Calis, and hence Englifh 

 feainen ufually call it Cain. The tide runs here N.E. and 

 S.W. ; and it is high water at fpring tides at half pall four 

 o'clock. N. lat. 36° 3 I' 7". W. long. 6'' 1 1' 50". 



Cadiz, a town on the north coall of the iflanc of Cuba, 

 in a bay of the famr name, about 1 6). miles E. ol Havaniiah, 

 and 50 N. of Spiritu Santo. N. lat. 2,3 ' 2'. W. long. 79° 55'. 

 A river of this name runs into the lea, 10 miles E. from the 

 town of Cadiz. 



CADIZADELITES, a fe6t among the Muffulmcn, re- 

 fcmbling tlic anciei t Stoics, who avoid all ftafting and di 

 verlion, and afi" Ct an uncommon gravity in all they do or 

 fay. Thofe of them wdio inhabit the frontiers of Hungary, 

 &c. agree in manv tilings with the Chrilfians, and drink 

 wine even in the tali of tfie R.imazan. 



They read the Sclavonic tranflation of the Bible, as well 

 as the Alcoran. Mahomet, according to them, is the 

 Holy Giioll, which defcendtd on the apolUcs at the feaft 

 of Pentecoft . 



CADLOCK, in ,So//r«V SeeSlNAPis. 



CADMA, in Entumuiu^ , a fpeeies of Papilio found in 

 America. The wings arc indented, fulvous ; diik of the 

 pofterior pair beneath white, wjth two occllated fpots, the 

 pupil of which is double and blue. Drury, &c. 



Cadma, in rural Economy, a term applied to the finallell 

 of the pigs which a fow has at one farrowing, and which is 

 commonly much leis than any of the others in the fame 

 litter. 



CADMEAN Letters, the ancient Greek or Ionic cha- 

 ratters, fuch as they were fiill brought by Cadmus from 

 Phoenicia ; whence Herodotus alfo calls them Phanician 

 letters. SccCadmus. 



According to fome writers, Cadmus was not the inventor 

 nor even the importer of Greek letters, but only the mo- 

 deller and reformer tliereof ; and it was hence they acquired 

 the appellation Cadm^an, or Phanician letters : whereas be- 

 fore that time they had been called Pelafgian letters. See 

 Letter and Writing. 



CADMIA, in Chemijlry. This term is entirely obfo- 

 lete ; as, however, it is of frequent occurrence in the writ- 

 ings of the older chemills, it may be proper to explain its 

 meaning. Cadmia, according to Pliny, (Hift. I>iat. lib. 



CAD 



xxxiv. ch. xxii. ) was the common name given to that earthy 



fnbdnnce which was employed by the Cyprian anirts in 

 the manufa('ture of brafs : hence it is plain that it contained 

 zinc, and was probably no olhcr than the calamine of the 

 moderns. The fame word is alfo applied by the above- 

 mentioned author to the metallic foot or adics which coU 

 lefled in tlie chimneys of the brafs founderies. It was an 

 article of conliderable life in the Roman pharmacopoca, and 

 three varieties of it were dillinguifhed by feparate names: 

 that cal ed Capnitis refembled alhes, was the hghtell and 

 bell efleemed, and was depofited at the farthell extremity 

 ol the chimney ; the second kind, named B'jtryitts, depended 

 in clufters from the centr-at and lower part of the ciumney, 

 and was in higli elleem for diforders of the eyes ; the third 

 variety, calKd Plicitit, was a metallic fcoria adhering to the 

 lides of the furnace, and was irlcd for wounds and cutaneous 

 eru|)tions ; its cnlour was cither blue, or black, and, no 

 doubr, contained a conliderable quantity of copper. 



Succeeding chemills injudicioufly ranked as foffll cadmia 

 not only calamine, but the arfenical and bifmuihic cobalt 

 ore, and under the term Cadmia fornacum iricluded all 

 the kinds of metallic fnbliniatcs that are depofited in the 

 chimneys of fiiieking houfes, whether of cupper, brafs, lead, 

 tin, &c. 



CADMUS, q. d. a man from the eajl, in fabulous Hijiory, 

 is reported to bt a native of Sidon in Phcenieia, Ion of Age- 

 nor, king of that country, and brother of Europa. Hav- 

 ing been fent by his father's order in quell of his filler Eu- 

 roi)a, wdio had been tranfportcd by Jupiter to the Ifle of 

 Crete, and being farbidden to return without her, he wan- 

 dered for a long time to little pui-pofe, and at length, dcf- 

 p.iiriiig of fuccefs, he fettled at Tanagra upon the rivei If- 

 memcs in the Grecian province of Bceotia. He afterwards 

 built Thebes, and laid the foundation of his new kingdom. 

 The f.iole, however, fays, that the walls of the city were 

 raifed by the harmony of Ampliion's lyre, and that he only 

 ereded a citadel to wiiicli was given his own name, and 

 merely laid the foundation of Thebes. When the city was 

 iinifhed, he married Hcrmione, or Harmonia, the daurhttr 

 of Mars and Venus ; and his nuptials were graced with the 

 prcfence of all the gods and goddeffes, J'.ino excepted, each 

 of whom conferred fome gift upon the bride. His kingdom 

 is faid to have been very flourifhing, and in the progrefs of 

 his reign he was much beloved and refpeCled by his subjefts; 

 though the anger of Juno, who eiivitd his felicity, occafion- 

 ed rrxany misturtuncs, which haralTed and grieved him be- 

 fore its termination. By his wife Harmonia, he had a fon 

 named Pnlydorirs, who fucceedtd him in the fovcreignty of 

 Thebes, by whom it wa'i transferred to his fon Labdacus, 

 the father of Laius, to whom it defcended, and who was 

 the hufband of Jocalla, the mother of CEdipus. He had 

 alfo four daughters, viz. Ino, who threv/ herfelf into the 

 fea together with her children; Agave, wliofe fon Pen- 

 theus was torn in pieces by tlie Bacchantes, for profaning 

 the rites of Bacchus; Autonoe, the mother of Atlseon ; 

 and Semele, the mnther of Bacchus by Jupiter, who after- 

 waiels (lew her with his thunderbiilt. After having expe- 

 rienced many diflr-cfiing vicifiitudes, Cadmus is faid to have re- 

 tired with his wife Harmonia to the coaft of Illyria, wdiere 

 they were both changed into ferpents, or as fome interpret the 

 fable, where they degenerated from their prillnie civility 

 into barbarians. The fable alfo reports, that he fought 

 with a mighty dragon, whofe teeth he afterwards llrewed 

 on the ground, and from them was produced an army of 

 men, whi) fought again II one another, till they were all 

 killed except five: whence a dearly bought virftory obtain- 

 ed the appellation of " Vidoria Cad.iiea." Some fay that 



6 he 



