CAD 



C M C 



and crving inceiTiintly, Muii, living, on? of the namea of 

 CfOil : one of tlie number plays all the time on a flute, to 

 animate them in this extravagimt dance. 



CADSAND, in Geography, an ifland on the coall of 

 Dutch Fhndrrs, at the mouth of the Scheldt, fltuatcd on 

 the fouth fide of the entrance into the Well Scheldt oppo- 

 llte to Fliifliincr, fo as to command the navipjation of that 

 river. It is prefervcd by elevated dykes conftriidcd at great 

 cxpenec, from the inundations of the fea ; and, ntverthcUfs, 

 expofed to danger, when the north weft vvii'.d bjows with 

 violence. The land is fertile, and yields excellent corn ; 

 the meadows are luxuriant, and the farmers make a con- 

 fiderablc quantity of good cheefe. The perfecuted French 

 and Saltzburghtrs found an afylum in this ifland. The 

 chief town i< Cafi";indria. 



CADUCEATOR, in /Iniiquity, a denomination given 

 to heralds or meffengers of peace. See Caducfus. 



CADUCEUS,or C.4DUCFUM, Mercury's rod or fceptre; 

 a wand cntvvilied with two ftrpents, worn by that deity as 

 the cntign of his quality and office: and given to him, ac- 

 cording to the lable, by Apollo, for his feven-llringtd 

 hai^p. 



Tlie poets attribute wondrous virtues to the cadt;ceus ; 

 as that of throwing people into a flei-p, raifing the dead, 

 tec. It was alio ulVd by tlie ancients a.< a lymbol of peace 

 and concord : the Romans fent the C.-irthaginiai:'; a javelin, 

 and a caduceus, offering the.-n their clioice, whether of war 

 or peace. 



Among that people, thofe that denounced war were 

 CMleA feciaU.i, and thofe who went to demand peace, ca- 

 duceatores ; brcaufe tl-.ey bore a caduceus in their hand. 



The caduceus folmd on medals is a common fymbol fig- 

 nifying good conduct, peace, .and profperity. TI.e rod 

 exprcffes power, the two Icrpcnts prudence, and the two 

 wings diligence. 



Wedelins has given a dilTertation exprefsly on caihicealed 

 medals. Bottiger in his " Griechifcbe Vafeng-emsshlde, 

 &c." or " Grecian Paintings on Vafes" illuftrated (vol. i. 

 p. 2.), Weimar, 179S, has fuggelled fome new and inge- 

 nious ideas with refpect to the origin of the caduceus. Ac- 

 cording to this writer, the deity called Hermes b)' the 

 Greeks, and Mercury by the Romans, owed his imaginary 

 exiftence entirely to the commercial intercourfe of the Pha;- 

 j'.leians with the Greeks. At fome remote period, the 

 foimer had mines and factories in many places of Greece. 

 Th^re Hermes was worlhipped as the tutelary deity of the 

 indullrious Phoenicians; and all the arts, by which the arti- 

 cles of trade are produced, were afcnbed by the Greeks to 

 his invention. The Phoenicians, of courfe, in order to con- 

 verfc with the rude natives, employed interpreters. Hence 

 Hermes was confidered as the inventor of articulate founds, 

 and of numeral figures and figns. The interpreters and he- 

 ralds were called his foiis, and the race of xrlpousc is faid to 

 have dcfcended from him. The Phoenician traders, where- 

 ver they firft approached the rude Pelafgic inhabitants of 

 the Grecian coatls, found it neceflary to ufe fome manifeft 

 token of their having arrived with peaceful intentions ; not 

 as pirates, but as merchants and barterers. In ftich in- 

 ftances, the moft natural fign of peace amongr all I'ations, 

 even among the inhabitants of the I'ricndly Iflands in the 

 South Seas, has ever been a green branch. The Pliccni- 

 cians, however, foon found it more convenient, as well as 

 more ornamental, to carry with them a decorticated or 

 even a gilt ftaff ; and, as occafion required, to wind round 

 it green leaves. Such is the wand of Mercury in Homer. 

 |Hymn. in Mercur. 529 — 532.) 



ChTtvCTVi is alfo a name given to a kind of l^afT co- 

 vered with velvet, and decorated w'whjhurs de lys, which the 

 French heralds of arms bear in their hands on folemn occa- 

 fions. That borne by the king at arms has a golden^a/r de 

 lys at the end, and is by fome called fceptre. 



CADUCOUS, in Botany, a term employed to exprefs 

 the (hort duration of one pait of a plant compared with an- 

 other: thus, a caducous calyx falls off bi fore the petals, as 

 in poppy and celandine ; a caducous corolla fal's off immedi- 

 ately after its expanfion, and before the anthers have (hed 

 their pollen, as in actea and thali(ilrum. A ftipule is ca- 

 ducous, when it falls off before the leaf; and a bracte, when 

 it dues not continue as long as the flower. A leaf is alfo 

 faid to be caducous, when it does not remain till the end of 

 the fnmmcr. It always implies a fliorter duration than is 

 intended by th.e term deciduous. 



CADUCUS Morbus, or Falling Sickness, in ATeJi. 

 cine. See Epilepsy. 



CADURCI, in jindcnt Geography, a people of Gaul, 

 who iiihabited the town of Divona. Ptolemy. They are 

 mentioned by Ccefar, Strabo, ai:d Pliny. Their territory is 

 the preftiit Qiiercy, tlic capital of which is Cahors. 



CADUS, an ancient liquid mcafiire of capacity, contain- 

 ing ten, fnmetimes twelve, congii ; and fixty, or according to 

 others, leventy-twoy^.v/eWfj. 



The cadus is the lame with what is otherwife denominated 

 rhclreics and cernmron. See Amphora. 



CADUSIA, in Ancient Ceogriiph\', a country of Afia, 

 being part of Atropatene, according to Strabo. 



CADUSII, or Cadusians, a people who inhabited the 

 dillrift lying to the fouth of Babylon, between the Tigris 

 and the Euphrates. They were a powerful people, and 

 enemies of the Affyrians ; and their alliance was fought by 

 Cyrus, in his war againft the king of Adyria. 



CADYNA, or Caderia, a town of Afia Minor, in the 

 mountains of Lycaonia, according to Strabo. 



CADYTIS, a town of Afia in Syria, mentioned by He- 

 rodotus, and fuppofed by Reland to have been G^th. As 

 it was near the fea, it could not have been Jerufalem, as M. 

 D'Anville conjectures. Others have fuppofed it to have 

 been the Cedaffa of Jofephus, and others reler it to 

 Gaza . 



CiECA, in Ichthyology, a fpecies of Mur/ena, aptery- 

 gious, with the fnout fomewhat acute. Found in the Me- 

 deterranean Sea. 



C/'eca, in Zoology, a fpecies of Nais, with lateral fetofe 

 warts, and without eyes. Found in the bays of Iceland and 

 Chriftianfand, in Norway. 



C.'ECA, a fpecies of Nereis, fub-convex, with two very 

 fliort lentacula, and the lamellae of the pedunculi duplicate 

 and ciliate. Fabr. 



C^CjE Glauduld. See Glands. 



CVECIA, in Ancient Geography, the name of two iflcs, 

 which Phny places in the vicinity of the Spirsan pro- 

 montory. 



C/ECILIA, in Entomology, an African infeft of the P.'i- 

 PiLio genus, the wings of which are white in the middle, 

 with black dots ; pollerior ones margined with black, dotted 

 beneath with white. Fabr. 



CECILIA is alfo a fynonymous name of P.^pilio Amyn- 

 TOR of Fabricius, in the works of Cramer. 



Ckcilia, in Ichthyology, among old writers, the fifli de- 

 nominated by modern naturahftsyjn^n<!/^!.j- acus. 



CiECiLiA, in Zoology, a genus of ferpents diftinguilhed 

 by having wrinkles on the body and tail, and two tentacu!» 

 on the upper lip. 



There 



