C iE S 



with nnnr.eroiiE, fcattertil, fhort, hooked, ftrong, blackifli 

 prickles, each fituatcJ on a tubercle. Leaves alternate ; 

 fcafltts fmoo-.h, of 3 pleafant green colour. Flciuers pale 

 preen or whitilh, with only five llamens, in uprif^hv ra- 

 cemes foi-ming a pyramid. La M.irck, from Plumier's 

 MSS. A native of tlie Antille?, where it is called bralil- 

 Ictto, from tlie rcfemblance of its wood to that of brafil. 6. 

 €./)■>/>""• Linn. Sp. PI. Roxb. Corom. I. p. 17. t. 16. 

 GirtVtab. 144. f. I. La Marck lllull. PI. ,;S5. fig- i- 

 (Ligno brafiliaiio fimile, Bauli. Pin. 393. Rai, Hiit. 1737. 

 Lignum Sappan, Ruinph. Amb. 4. p. 56. t. 21. Tliam 

 pangam, Rlieed. Mai. 6. p.' .3- t. 3.) " Prickly ; leaflets 

 oblong, not equilateral, obtufe, a little emarginate." A 

 fniall tree. TrimL from ten to fifteen feet high. Leaves 

 large, twice-winged ; pinnules from twelve to fifteen ; leaf- 

 lets numerous, crowded, fmooth, finely Ihiated, obliquely 

 trun'-ate at the bafe. Fhnucrs yellow, fweet-fcentrd, in 

 racemes. Legume fomewhat woody, tliick, (hort, fomewhat 

 rhomboidal, 'beaked, and one-celled, two-valved. Seeds 

 about four, large, ovate-oblong, fmooth. A native of the 

 -Ealt Indies, Siam, the MoUucca Iflands, and Japan. Its 

 wood is ufed for cabinet work ; and, being very durable in 

 fea water, is excellent for trenails in fhip-bnilding : when 

 1x)iled in water, it yields a blackilh colour, which, with 

 the addition of alum, becomes red, and is much ufed for 

 dyeing woollens and cottons of a beautiful red colour. 6. 

 C. mimy/ioic/es, Wiild. La Marck. P!. ,535. f. 2. (Kal-tod- 

 da-waddi, Rheed. Mai. ,6. p. I';, t. 8. ftlimofa malabarica, 

 Rai. Hid. 1740.) " Stem, petioles, and peduncles prickly; 

 leaflets, oblong, obtufe, fmall ; legumes woolly." A flirub 

 about four feet high. Leaves twice-winged, refembling 

 thofe of feveral fpecies of acacia, fenfitivc, with two or three 

 large prickles at the bafe of each wing. Flowers large, 

 yellow, in a long raceme ; petals unequal, rather longer 

 than the ftamens. Legumes containing one or two feeds. 

 A native of Malabar, communicated to La Marck by Son- 

 nerat. 7. C. pulcherrlma, Barbadocs flower fence, or 

 Spanifh carnation, Willd. Martyn. (Poinciana pulcherri- 

 ma, Linn. Sp. PI. Reich. La Marck PI. 23 i- Bofc. 

 Nouv. Ditl. PI. M. 26. Poiret Encyc. Meth. v. 5. p. 

 447. Brown Jam. p. 225. Jacq. Americ. 122. Tourn. 

 Inih 619. t. 391. Crifta pavonis, Breyn. Prod. 2. p. 37. 

 Cent. 61. t. 22. Rai. Hift. p. 991. Erythroxylon ind. 

 Herm. Prod. 333. Senna fpuria flore ex luteo Si. rubro, 

 Sloane Jam. 2. p. 49. Acacia orientalis, Plukn. Al. 5. 

 Tfietti mandaru, Rheed. Mai. 6. I. t. I.) " Prickly ; 

 leaflets oblong-oval, emarginate, fmooth ; calyx fmooth ; 

 corymbs fimple ; petals fringed ; llannns very long." A 

 Ihrub about twelve feet high, with a grey, fmooth bark. 

 Branches fpreading, armed at each knot with two fhort, 

 ftrong, crooked fpines. Leaves alternate, twice winged ; 

 leaflets from five to ten pairs, a little narrowed at the bafe, 

 fmaller on the upper leaves ; emitting, when bruifed, a 

 llrong odour like favin ; with one gland at the bafe, and 

 another on the upper pait of the common petiole, and two 

 fmall fliarp joints a little above the bafe of the partial pe- 

 tiole. Flowers in a terminal, loofe corymb, fometimes ap- 

 proaching to an umbel ; on fimple, fmooth peduncles, two 

 or three inches long ; leaves of the calyx egg-fliaped, con- 

 cave, deciduous ; petals beautii'ully variegated with red and 

 yellow ; ftamens at leaf! three times as long as the petals. 

 Legume oblong, comprefied, coriaceous, many-celled, two- 

 ▼alved ; partitions rather thick, compofed of rigid briftles, 

 thickly matted together. Seeds one in each cell, ovate- 

 quadrangular, thick, flat on both fides, fmooth, a little 

 polilhed, of a chefnut colour. A native of the Eaft. and 

 "Weft Indies. In Barbadocs it is planted in hedges, and 

 nakc» a bcautifiil fence. Id Jamaica its leaves are ufed as 



a purgative, infteaJ of fenna. All its parts are thought to 

 be powerful cmmenagogues, and are frequently ufed fur 

 that pnr;-jfc by the negroes. Its wood is faid to afford a. 

 good dye. 8. C. elata, Willd. (Poinciana elata, Liiin« 

 Sp. PI. Fotflcal Flor. -Sl.iypt. ^6.) " Unarmed ; leaflet* 

 linear, obtufe with a point; corymbs compound; calyxes 

 coriaceous, downy ; petals fringed : ftamens very long." 

 A fl.rub or fmali tree. Branches pubefcent. Leaves alter- 

 nate, twice-winged ; leaflets in about twenty pairs, minute^ 

 al.noll fmooth. Flowers in terminal corymbs, on liort, ftiff"» 

 thick, alternate peduncles ; leaves of the calyx united at their 

 bafe, lanceolate, pubefcent, a little reflexed. Legume ainioft 

 fmooth, often deprelfed between the feeds, (harp at each end.. 

 A native of the Eall Indies. 9. C. coriaria, Willd. (Poin- 

 ciana coriaria, Jacq. i\mer. 123. t. 175. f. 136. Siliqua 

 arboris Guatapana:, Breyn. Cent. p. 58. f . 5 ) " Unarmed ; 

 leaflets linear, obtufe; racemes panicled ; calyxes fm oth ; 

 ftamens twice as long as the corolla." A Ihrub from twelve 

 to fifteen feet high, much branched, with dark-culoured 

 fpotted bark. Leaves alternate, twice-winged ; leaflets fmall, - 

 fmooth, about three lines long. Flowers fmall, yellow, in 

 a terminal, dole, fpikelike raceme, on fhort, fimple, pedun- 

 cles, with little fmell. Legumes elongated, obtufe, ftiort, a.- 

 little bent, fpongy. A native of Curacoa and Cartha-jena ; 

 in fait marflies. The Spaniards and natives ufe the ripe pods 

 for tanning leather, and cal! them libidibi. 



Propagation and Culture. As all the fpecies are natives of 

 warm chmates, they are cultivated in Europe only as orna- 

 mental plants ; and though none of them have hitherto 

 flowered in our ftoves, the elegance of their foliage, and the 

 Angularity of their habit, give them a dilbnguifhed place in 

 coUeftions of exotic plants. They can be raifed only from 

 feeds fent in the pod from their native country, and after- 

 wards fteeped in water till they are fwollen, and their enve- 

 lope a little- foftened ; but if kept dry, will preferve their 

 vegetative power feveral years. The feeds, when taken from 

 the water, muft be fown in pots filled with a mixture of 

 common mould and bog-carlh, in nearly equal proportions, 

 and plunged into a hot bed of tanner's baik, kept at a 

 moderate warm.th. The plants, if iown at the end of 

 March or beginning of April, will appear in the courfe of 

 May or June, and when they are three or four inches high, 

 ftiould be tranfplanled fingly into feparate pots, with a 

 larger proportion ot good mould. In autumn they muft be 

 removed from the hot-bed into the ftove, and durmg the firll 

 winter muft be carefully preferved from cold, humidity, and 

 infetts, and furniflied with frelh air in the day-time, when the 

 weather is favourable. They fucceed better in a light, than 

 a ftrong argillaceous earth. 



C.CSALPINI.4, Fl. Zeyl. 157. See Guillandina Bonduc. 

 CjESALPINOIDES. See Gleditschia Triacanthos. 

 CiESALPINUS, Andrew, in Biography, born at 

 Arczzo in Tufcsny, in the early part of the i6th century, 

 was educated under Luke Ghines, direftor of the publicr 

 garden at Pifa, whence he appears to have taken his tafte 

 for botany, which he cultivated with affiduity and fuccefs. 

 But he became ftill more eminent for his fliill in anatomy 

 and medicine, and for his intimate acquaintance with the 

 works of Ariftotle, v.'hofe philofophy he explained and de- 

 fended, in his " Queftionnm Peripateticarum Libri Qiiin- 

 que," againft the doftrines of Galen, then generally fol- 

 lowed. This was publifhed at Venice in 1571, 4to. After 

 taking his degree of doftor, he was made profeftbr in medi- 

 cine and anatomy in the univerlity at Pifa, and continued ia 

 that office feveral years, until invited to Rome, and made 

 firft phyfician and archiater to pope Clement VIII. , He 

 died at Rome, aged 84 years, in 1603. His works are 

 numerous, and give eq^ual proofs of genius and learning. 



"De 



