C A J 



ftiniuhiil and anlifpafniodic. Hence it is warmly recom- 

 mended in flatuleni colic, paralyfis, chorea, hooping cough, 

 and convulfivc diforders in general. The dofe is from one to 

 fix drops. It is alfoof confiderable nfeexttnially applied for 

 the relief of tootli-acli, rheumatic pains, fprains, and 

 the like. Tliis oil was firft introduced into the Amflerdam 

 Pharmacopoeia about the year ip6, and is retained in 

 the lall edition of that of Edinburgh. 



Infefts have a great averfion from this oil, the vapour 

 of which appears to intoxicate and kill them. A peculiar 

 property of cajcp'.it, in which it excels other eflential oils, 

 is, that it is a perfect folvent o( c.ioutrhoiic, from which a per- 

 fect drying varnidi may be madt in the manner defcnbed 

 under that article. 



CAIET, OrCAVET, PCTER ViCTOR PaLMA, in AV 



^rapky, was born in i',-^, of pnor Proteftaat parents, at 

 'Montrichard in Touraine ; and after purfuing his theologi- 

 cal lludies at Geneva, became a domelUc in tlic houfe of 

 Calvin, and afterwards a minilter. However, he left his 

 churcli to follow the court, and was appointed chaplain to 

 Catharine, liiler of Henry 1\'. ; but being addifted to al- 

 chemy, he was calumniated as a magician, and charged 

 with publilhing a book in favour of the ellablifliment of 

 public Hews ; and depofed from his miniilerial funftion by 

 a fynod. Thus difgraccd, he abjured Proteftantifm, in 

 1595, and was ccu'diaily received by tiie Roman Catholics, 

 among whom he was ordained pricft at the college of Na- 

 varre, and made dodlor in theology, and appointed royal pro- 

 fclfor of Hebrew. His zeal, aj a new convert, led him to 

 attack the fed he had abandoned in feveral controveifial 

 writings, and in a difpntation with Du Moulin. But his 

 principal reputa'.ion was founded on his hillorical compila- 

 tion?. In 1 598 he publifhed a relation of the recent war 

 between the Turks and Hungarians ; and, in 1605, his 

 " Septenai7 Chronology," from the peace of Vervins, in 

 1^98, to 1604, to which he afterwards added the hiftory 

 pf the nine years' war, terminated at this peace, in his " No- 

 vennary Chronology," printed in 1608. He alfo wrote 

 two works in Latin ; one intitled, " Concilium pium de 

 componendo Rcligionis Diffidio," and the other, " In- 

 UruClions in the four principal Oriental Languages." He 

 died in 1610. Gen. Did. 



CAJETA, in Entomology, the name under which Cra- 

 mer figures the Gmehnian Noctua fullonica, which 



fee. 



CAJETA, in Aiuutil Geography, a fea port town of 

 Italy in Latium, now Gxta. 



CAJETAN, Cardinal, in Biography, fo called from 

 the place of his nativity, Cajeta, (his proper name being 

 Thomas da Via,) was born in lafii-), and entered into the 

 order of Dominicans, among whom he was diftinguiflied 

 for the acutcnefs of his underftanding and his learning. 

 The chapter of his order conferred upon him the degree 

 of doftor in 1494; and after having taught philofophy at 

 Rome and at Paris, he was chofen general of his order in 

 1508, and railed to the dignity of cardinal in 1517, by 

 Leo X. In the following year he was deputed as legate to 

 the emperor, for promoting the war againil the Turks and 

 oppofing the Lutheran hercfy. At this time he held three 

 conferences with Luther at Auglburg, in tlie conduil of 

 which he behaved in a manner fo imprudent and imperious 

 as to give offence at the court of Rome. Inilead of 

 recurring to argument, he ufed tiie mere language of autho- 

 rity, and in aii overbearing tone infilled on the reformer's 

 giving up his opinions and fubmitting refpeftfully to the 

 iudgment of the Roman pontiff. Luther's temper could 

 not brook fuch treatment, and of courfe the breach was 



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widened by thefe conferences. Pope Adrian VI. fcnt him at 

 his legate to Hungary, and upon his return he was promoted 

 to the fee of his native city. When Rome was lacked in 

 1527, he fell into the hands of the foldiers, by whom he 

 was treated with great indignity, and they infifted on a large 

 fum for his ranfom. He clofed his lite at Rome, where he 

 was afriduoully employed in the ftudy of the Scriptures, in 

 I ^34. His earlier works were " Commentaries upon Arif- 

 totle," and upon the " Summa Theologiae" of Aquinas, 

 lu his " Traftatus de Comparatione Authoritatis Papx et 

 Concilii," he alleges many frivolous and groundlefs argu- 

 ments in favour of the abfolute authority of the popes as 

 fucccfl'ors to St. Peter. His theological treatifes difcufs 

 the molt important tenets of tr.e Roman Catholic religion ; 

 and in his illuftration of the doflrine of indulgences he main- 

 tains that they avail on'y as an abfolution from the penance* 

 enjoined by the church, but that their benefits extend to 

 fouls departed merely in the way of fuffrage or interceflion. 

 With rtfpeft to indulgences he contended, in his conference 

 with Luther, that " one drop of Chrifl's blood being fufii- 

 cient to redeem the whole human race, the remaining quan- 

 tity that was (hed in the garden and upon the crofs, was 

 left as a legacy to the church, to be a trcafure from whence 

 indulgences were to be draw'n and adminiftercd by the Ro- 

 man pontiffs." 



Cajetan's moll confiderable work is his " Commentary 

 upon the Scriptures," comprehending the Old and New 

 Teftament, except the Son^ of Solomon, the Prophets, 

 and the book of Revelation. In this performance, he re- 

 flrieted himfelf to the literal fenfe of the words of Scripture 

 in the original languages, without regarding the expofitions 

 of the fathers. Ignorant of the Hebrew, he employed a 

 Jew and a Chriftiau to furnifh him with the exaft import of 

 the words according to the letter and grammar, without 

 troubling themfelves to give a fenfe of their own when no 

 fenfe appeared. In the New Teftament he chiefly followed 

 the verlion of Erafmus. By deferting the vulgar Latin tran- 

 flation, and difregarding the fathers, he incurred the cenfure 

 of fome of his own communion ; and, in 1544, the uuiverfity 

 of Paris iffued a decree, condemning his work, as contain- 

 ing falfe, impious, and even heretical proportions. Some 

 more candid Cathohcs have vindicated him, though he is 

 juftly charged with too fcrupuloufly adhering to the literal 

 verfiou of the rabbins. Many editions of his works have 

 appeared. Thofe on the Scriptures were printed at Lyons, 

 in 1639, in 5 vols. fol. Dupin's E. H. l6th century, 

 Molheim's E. H. vol. iv. 



CAI-FONG, in Geography. See Kai-fong. 



CAILAR, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Herault, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt of Lo- 

 deve. The town contains 722, and the canton 3127 in- 

 habitants : the territory comprehends 255 kiliometres, and 

 8 communes. 



CAILHAU, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Aude, and diftridt of Limoux ; 35 leagues S. W. of 

 CarealTonne. 



CAILLE, Nicholas Lewis de la, in Biography, 

 an eminent mathematician and philofopher, was born at 

 Rumigny, in the diocefe of Rheinis, March the 15th, 1713. 

 The amufements of his father, after withdrawing from 

 the army, in mathematical and mechanical philofophy, led the 

 fon, at an early period, to form an attachment to mechanics. 

 Haying left fchool in 1729, he profecuted his lludies at 

 Paris, an-d applied particularly to theology, in the college 

 of Navarre, with an intention of becoming an ecclefiaflic. 

 But his inclination to aftronomy diverted his purpofe ; and, 

 by the friendfhip of tRe celebrated CalTmi, to whcm he was 



introduced, 



'ft 



* 



