C A I 



C A I 



Abel, on die contrary, was born of a virtue much Icfs em- 

 neiit : to Cain, and others of tlie fame order, wlio, according 

 to tlieni, had a niij^lity knowledge of all tilings, tliey afl'o- 

 ciated Judas, whom tliey held in fo much clbcem, tliat ihey 

 had a book among- them called the gofpel of fndas. S. 

 Epiphanius, ulio ieems to have borrowed his account from 

 Irenxus, relates, and at the fame time refutes, their errors. 



Irenasus and Epiphanius concur in their accounts of tlie 

 ^rofs errors and atrocious wickednefs of thefe people. Dr. 

 Lardner, however, difputes tiie credibility of their relation. 

 The wickednefs afcribed to them, he fays, is incredihle ; as 

 it is not eafy to conceive, that any number of pei foils calling 

 themfelves Ghriftians fliould honour Cain, Core, and Judas, 

 and all who lie under juft condemnation in the fcriptures, 

 both of the Old and New Teftament, for the moft notorious 

 wickednefs ; and befides, the account is inconfiftent with 

 itfelf ; for it is not poffible that men ftiould be extremely 

 wicked in principle and practice, and at the fame time be 

 concerned about the falvation that is by the crofs of Clirift, 

 and honour Judas for his love of truth, and folicitude for the 

 falvation of the world and the general good. Moreover, the 

 rife of this denomination of Cainites may be accounted for 

 another way, without making a particular feft. It might 

 arife from the Sethians, thofe who called themfelves by 

 that name, and extolled their anceftor. Seth could not well 

 avoid declaiming againft Cain ; and they might fometimes 

 fay of thofe in a different courfe of life from themfelves, 

 that they afted as if they were the children of Cain, who 

 was of the evil one ; and feemed to flicw themfelves kindred 

 of Core, and Dathan, and even Judas himfelf. From this 

 circumftance, or mode of fpeaking, fome perfons, who were 

 difpofed to multiply herefies, took occalion, or by millake 

 were led to talk of a feft under the denomination of Cainites. 

 Lardner's Works, vol. ix. p.456. See Sethians. 



CAINITO, in Botany (Plum. Gen. 10. k. 69.). See 



C H R Y S O S P H Y L L U -M Cainito. 



CAINON, Kaivov, the wfw court, in Ant'iqu'tty, a civil 

 court of juftice at Athens, fometimes called TapiSurov /xotov, 

 which took cognizance of trifling matters, not exceeding in 

 value one drachm. The judges in this court were the eleven 

 uiagiftrates. See Athens. 



CAINS, in the idand ofCandia, denote Greeks revolted, 

 and retired to the Venetians, either at Suda or Spina Longa; 

 who, in time of war, burn, pillage, and commit all manner 

 of cruelties on their ancient brethren under the Turks. 

 When a Cain, or falfe brother, is taken, there is no mercy 

 for him ; they either impale him, or put him to the ganche. 



CAINUM, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, in 

 Mefopotamia. Not. Imp. 



CAJORI, in Geography, an ifland near the mouth of the 

 Ganges, at the bottom of the bay of Bengal, on the weft 

 fide of the river. 



CAJOU, Cashew, orCAssu. See Anacardium. 



CAIPHA, Caiapha, or Hepha, in Ancient Geography, 

 a town at the foot of Mount Carmel, to the north, on the 

 gulf of Ptolemais; its ancient name was Sycaminos, or Por- 

 phyreon. It was feparated from Acco, or Ptolemais, by a 

 large and beautiful harbour. The diitance from Acco to 

 Caiapha, or Capha, by fea, is not above 15 miles; but it is 

 twice as much by land. 



CAIRA, in Geography, a river of South America, which 

 runs into the Oronoko, or Orinoco. N. iat. 7° 16'. W. 

 long. 6-;^ i'. 



CAIRINA, in Ornithology, the Mufcovy duck. Anas 

 MoscHATA, according to fome authors. 



CAIRN. SeeCARN. 



CAIRNEY, in Geography^ a town of Scotland, in Aber- 



JcenHiIre, into wliich the linen manufaflure lias lately been 

 introduced, and where it is likely to flourilh ; 8 miles W. of 

 Aberdeen. 



CAIRNGORM, a mountain in the Highlands of Scot- 

 land, and north-eall jiart ot the county of Inverary, 4060 

 feet high, called alio the Blue Mountain, v/hich is clothed 

 with ahnoft perpetual fnow, and which is remarkable for 

 quartz of dittererit colours, chiefly the fmoaky kind, well 

 known to lapidaries. 



CAIRO, Francesco, called Cavalie're del Cairo, 

 in Biography, a painter of hillory and portrait, was born at 

 Milan, ill J /;9S, and inftrufted in his art by Morazzone, 

 wliofe (lyle he for (onie time imitated; but in confequence of 

 purfuing his iUidics at Rome, he altered his manner, and 

 evinced his improvement by compoiing with judgment, dc- 

 figning in an elevated llyle, and giving correftncfp, grace, 

 and harmony to his compofitions. In the Venetian fchool, 

 he farther acquired a ftrong and lively manner of colouring, 

 and a talent of execution which has occafioned fome of his 

 pictures, particularly his portraits, to be afcribed to Titian, 

 and Paolo Veronefe. He i? faid to have adopted three 

 manners of painting, the Milanele, Roman, and V-netian ; 

 and by this variety he obtained extenfive employment and 

 applaufe. At the court of the duke of Savoy, ViAor Ama- 

 deus I., whither he was invited, he was honoured with a 

 penfion, and with the order of knighthood. His " The- 

 ref?.," at Venice, is much admired for its colouring and ex- 

 preffion ; and his picture in the chapel of the Chartreus, at 

 Pavia, reprefenting the Virgin, St. Catherine of Siena, and 

 another faint, is excellently defigned,and beautifully colour- 

 ed in a ftyle refembling that of Rubens. This artill died 

 in 1674. Pilkington. 



Cairo, or Grand Cairo, in Geography, the chief city 

 of Egypt, and reckoned the fecond capital of the Eaft, and 

 the metropolis of Africa, is feated on the eaft of the Nile, 

 and diftant from it about one quarter of a league ; but con- 

 neAed with it by the fuburbs, called Mifr, or Mafr el At- 

 tike, and Bulak, or Boulac, which fee. This city was 

 founded in the year .558 of the Hegira, A. D. 968, by 

 Jauhar, or Giavhar, general of Moaz, the firft caliph of 

 the race of the Fathimites. Having fubjugated Egypt, he 

 built this town for the accommodation of his viftoriou* 

 foldiers, and a palace for the refidence of the em.peror. 

 Four years after Moaz himfelf removed from Barbary to 

 this place, completed the building of the city, and eftablifli- 

 ed the empire of the Fathimites. As the foundation of the 

 city was laid at the iullant when the planet Mars paffed 

 the meridian, and this planet was denominated by the Ara- 

 bian aftronomers Caher, q. d. viftorious, it obtained from 

 this circumftance the appellation El Caherah, Kaherah, or 

 Kaliira. This new city was ercfted near Old Cairo, former- 

 ly called Mafr, and now Fojlat, which fee ; and farther from 

 the Nile, which rendered its iituation lefs advantageous for 

 trade. When the French, under king Lufignau, had ex- 

 tended their conquefts in Syria, and carried their viftorious 

 arms even into Egypt, they proceeded, in the year of the 

 Hegira 564, A. D. 1168, to Belbeis, and having taken it 

 by ilorm, they advanced towards Grand Cairo, which they 

 alfo captured. Schaouar, king of Egypt, fearing left Follat 

 fliould alfo fall into their hands, fet fire to it ; and the inha. 

 bitants, being thus reduced to the ncceffity of abandoning it» 

 took refuge in the new town, which affumed the name of 

 " Mafr," "or " Mifr," attached to the capital of Egypt. 

 Salah Eddin, or Saladin, being nominated governor of 

 Egypt, in the year 564 of the Hegira, facccfsfully reCftcd 

 the Franks, almoll entirely expelled from the caftcni coun- 

 tries, and eftabhfiied in Egypt, of which he acquired the 

 4 X Ibyereignty,. 



